Plasticineography we draw with plasticine 13 14 years old. Plasticineography - an unconventional modeling technique for preschoolers
Plasticineography as an unconventional modeling technique for preschoolers.
Children draw, sculpt, and assemble figures and buildings from construction sets. In fact, finger training is “fine motor skills of the palms and hands,” which is directly related to the formation of intelligence, the development of speech, memory, attention and thinking.
Scientists have proven that about a third of the area of the cerebral cortex is projected on the hands, and also areas of fine motor movement are very close to the tongue. It is the magnitude of this projection and its proximity to the motor zone that makes it possible to consider the hand as an “organ of speech”, exactly the same as the articular apparatus. In this regard, scientists have put forward the assumption of a significant interaction between fine movements of the hands and fingers on the formation and development of language function in a child.
Motor skills interact with all the higher properties of consciousness: attention, thinking, optical-spatial perception (coordination of movements), observation, visual memory, etc. The development of fine motor skills is also necessary because throughout the rest of one’s life a person will need to use fine, coordinated movements of the hands and fingers that are needed to write and draw, get dressed, and also perform many different household, industrial and educational activities.
Training and motor skills of the fingers primarily occurs with the help of modeling from plasticine, thus, the child’s creative abilities quickly develop, and plasticine also develops well fine motor skills hands
The main thing in working with plasticine is not to overestimate the child’s strength and give him an interesting and exciting task. Then he will feel maximum pleasure from the modeling process and from the results of his work. And this is the key to future success.
In order for a child to really and seriously become interested in modeling from plasticine, and for creativity to bring joy and satisfaction, he should be selected with the necessary and convenient tools for work.
Modeling from plasticine, as already mentioned, is best done on special modeling boards; you can also use a wooden board or a piece of linoleum. The size of the board depends on the size of the product.
Also, the work will require various devices that will allow you to make some details on plasticine figures.
Some plasticine kits already contain a complete set of tools, which, for example, may include a plastic rolling pin. It is convenient to roll out plasticine into even and thin layers.
Types of modeling in kindergarten.
During modeling classes in kindergarten, there are certain tasks for teachers:
nurturing children's creativity,
teaching children visual and technical skills,
developing interest in this type of activity.
Types of modeling in kindergarten: subject; plot; decorative
Subject modeling: p Designed for recreating individual objects. Children enthusiastically sculpt figures of people and animals. Only the fastest they master the image of objects of plant and structural form. In connection with this fact, kindergarten teachers are faced with the task of teaching children the ability to depict the key shape of objects in modeling and the most striking features characteristic of them.
Subject modeling: is accompanied by a large amount of work, because it is necessary to sculpt each individual object included in the composition, give it the desired position on a stand or without it, and then supplement the sculpting with some details.
Decorative modeling. Introducing children to folk arts and crafts is one of the ways aesthetic education, in the process of learning about its various types, in particular the small decorative plastic arts of folk craftsmen, children can acquire many useful skills. Children are good and happy to sculpt beads and other decorations for dolls, make decorative vessels: egg cups, salt shakers and vases for small children. spring flowers, trays and glasses for pens and pencils. In the process of working on a decorative plate, children learn the rules of handling the instrument, various modeling techniques, and, more importantly, beautiful decorative filling of space.
"PLASTILINOGRAPHY"
Plasticineography is unconventional technique modeling, which is expressed in “drawing” with plasticine more or less convex in volume (bas-relief) images on a horizontal surface.
Material for work: plasticine; colored cardboard; markers; ballpoint pen refills; stack; photo frames
Possible tasks:
improve visual perception.
promote cognitive, creative and sensorimotor development:
develop the perception of shape, texture, color, weight, plasticity of the material;
develop fine motor skills of the hand, synchronization of actions of both hands;
develop fantasy, imagination, spatial thinking;
to form the emotional-volitional sphere of children, to develop skills of self-control over the actions performed.
to promote the socialization of children: the development of their labor skills in planning work to implement a plan, the ability to foresee the result and achieve it.
Types of plasticineography:
1. Direct plasticineography - an image of a molded picture on a horizontal surface.
This technique works mainly all children starting from early age . For an early age, you can prepare a simpler contour drawing, without small details, and at an older age, children can apply more complex compositions on their own, with small details. The drawing is filled with softer plasticine, such as wax. It spreads well and blends beautifully. This technique must be performed on a sheet of thick cardboard, but in this case it is necessary to first cover the surface with tape. It is best to spread plasticine on cardboard by hand, since the material under pressure lays in an even layer on the surface, thus achieving the effect of a brush stroke with oil paints.
2. Reverse plasticineography - an image of a stucco painting on the reverse side of a transparent surface or stained glass.
D 
This type of plasticineography is used on glass, the image is obtained from the other side, which is why it is called reverse plasticineography. Because on glass for children preschool age You can’t work, you can use plastic or plexiglass.
Transfer the design to the surface using a marker, and then fill the elements of the design with plasticine. To do this, you need to select a piece of plasticine according to size and knead it well in your hands, and then smear it on the glass. You can smear it with your fingers or a glass, carefully pressing it onto the surface to form a thin layer. New color must be applied sequentially and separately. Along the contour, the resulting work can be pasted over with stripes to create a neat frame, or inserted into a finished frame.
3. Modular plasticineography - an image of a molded picture using various elements - rollers, balls, disks.
D 
This technique is more complex, since it requires mastery of all sculpting techniques. First you need to transfer the drawing you like onto a sheet of cardboard and fill each section of the picture with plasticine of the appropriate color, which can be done with small balls, flagella or whole parts, giving the edges the required form using stacks.
4. Mosaic plasticineography - an image of a molded picture using plasticine balls.
T 
Which technique is the simplest?, since the elements are all the same - plasticine balls. You just need to beautifully combine colors and carefully fill the space without going beyond the outline
5. Contour plasticineography - image of an object using flagella.
D 
This technique is more like for older people, as it requires perseverance and hard work. The contour drawing is filled with flagella, which are pre-rolled by the child himself or prepared in advance by the teacher. To do this, you need to place the plasticine in a syringe, and place the syringe in hot water so that the plasticine melts. After 2-3 minutes, you can squeeze out the plasticine, so you can prepare completely identical flagella, which subsequently fill the space.
6. Multilayer plasticineography - a three-dimensional image of a stucco painting with the sequential application of several layers.
P 
The advantage of this technique is that a very beautiful and bright plot can be created on a plane. This technique is suitable for depicting the sky, mountains, forests and other landscape scenes, when one layer on top is covered by another. Some details of the plasticine painting may have a complex outline. In this case, you need to apply a plasticine cake and remove excess plasticine using a stack.
If the painting contains elements that are difficult to sculpt, then they are repeated with a thin layer of plasticine on paper, cut out with scissors and stuck to the base using thin plasticine rollers, thus achieving a 3-D effect.
7. Textured plasticineography - an image of large areas of a painting on a horizontal surface with a more convex image (bas-relief, high relief, counter-relief)
B 
relief(fr. bas-relief-low relief) Bas-relief is a common type of decoration of architectural structures, a type of sculptural convex relief in which the image protrudes above the background plane by no more than half the volume. If more, the relief is called high relief(high relief ).
The picture can be made in relief different ways– forming elements using a stack, sculpting individual parts that will protrude on the surface. Counter-relief(from lat. contra- against and “relief”) - a type of in-depth relief, which is a “negative” of the bas-relief. This type of in-depth relief can be achieved using rollers with a printed pattern. It is necessary to roll out the plate, first level it with a rolling pin, and then apply the pattern with a roller or stamp. How to arrange and store plasticine paintings. Flat plasticine paintings are best placed under glass in a frame, mat, or stored under transparent film. Plasticine paintings should not be deformed, exposed to direct sunlight or heat.
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Plasticineography (or plasticine painting) is a new interesting technique for working with plasticine to create three-dimensional paintings. It is accessible even to the youngest children, which makes it increasingly popular.
The benefits of plasticine painting
The benefit of this activity is that children study shapes, properties of objects, develop finger movements, which helps the development of speech.
When studying objects, children develop their powers of observation and imagination; modeling helps them create and fantasize.
During the classes, coordination of movements, consistency in the actions of the eyes and hands are developed, and children learn to work with tools.
The technique of this creativity is simple and accessible to everyone; everything you need can be easily purchased in the store, so it is not difficult to organize classes at home.
Teachers advise engaging in this original creativity with your child; your passion will certainly be passed on to the children and great benefits can be derived from this activity. This is not only the development of children’s imagination and creativity, but also the expansion of their knowledge about nature, the development of mental abilities, attention, memory, and hand motor skills. This creativity will help prepare the child for school and diversify family leisure time.
Classes can begin with two - three years , be sure to pay attention to the characteristics of age and acquired skills, so that the child does not lose interest due to difficult tasks.
I invite you to a full-fledged online video lesson (45 minutes) on plasticine painting “Postcard with a little penguin”. For children over 5 years old, with mother 3+.
Goals and objectives of plasticineography
The purpose of plasticineography is to develop the creative and artistic abilities of children.
Tasks at a younger age (4-5 years old)
The peculiarity of four- and five-year-old children is that they actively strive for independence. In addition, imagination and fantasy develop at this age.
- get interested in creativity, develop artistic skills;
- introduce a new activity - plasticine painting;
- obtaining knowledge about the properties of plasticine and other means of representation, using this knowledge in practice;
- development of a sense of form, color, composition;
- fine motor skills training, preparation for writing;
- instilling in preschoolers patience, diligence, activity, aesthetic taste.
Children aged 2 to 3 years can start practicing, but they need to use the simplest techniques (no more than two). By the age of 4 - 5, you can move on to more complex techniques, use flagella, spirals, and additional decorative elements; children learn to respect the boundaries of the drawing.
Download modeling templates
Tasks for older adults (6-7 years old)
The age of six to seven years is transitional to primary school, internal restructuring occurs; The age of seven is often a crisis period in a child’s development.
The peculiarities of children six to seven years old are that at this age the main thing is visual-figurative thinking, sensitivity during this period is increased, more different colors and details appear in the works.
The tasks of plasticine painting at this stage are as follows:
- studying new species - landscapes, images of animals and people, fantasy works;
- development of initiative and creativity;
- gaining skills in using various available tools;
- development of the ability to combine and combine different colors;
- learning new methods - bas-relief and tiles, working with a syringe, “finishing” - making frames, albums, etc.
The process of creating a plasticine drawing is as follows:
- you need to choose the picture that we will depict, the colors for the background and images;
- then transfer the drawing onto the base with a marker;
- perform work in plasticine;
- formalize the result of the work - make a frame, varnish it, place it in an album.
Advantages of plasticine painting:
- easy-to-use equipment;
- relieves muscle tension and helps to relax;
- trains fine motor skills;
- It's easy to correct errors and make changes.
It is useful to use artistic expression and gaming methods in classes.
Topics for work should be familiar to children - these can be objects that they see at home, in the forest, in the park, in books (toys, candies, fruits and vegetables, plants and animals, fairy-tale characters).
- use soft plasticine or preheat with hot water;
- It is better to use a dense material as a basis for work, such as cardboard or cardboard covered with a layer of adhesive tape (it is more convenient to apply plasticine on it and remove its excess);
- prepare a workspace for creativity - a board or oilcloth, a damp napkin;
- Before starting work, apply the contours of the image to the base, under the film;
- after classes, first wipe your hands with a napkin, and only then wash them with soap;
- take breaks from work, warm up your arms and fingers;
- Cover the finished drawing with clear varnish or hairspray so that it can be stored for a long time.
Materials for plasticine printing:
- plasticine (preferably wax, it is easier to work with and brighter);
- base (cardboard, plastic, glass);
- technical means (stacks - special plastic knives; sticks, toothpicks, etc.);
- decorative elements (beads, buttons, beads, threads, scraps of fabric, grain, sequins, natural materials- acorns, leaves, cones, branches, shells, shells, nuts, seeds, small pebbles, grains, etc.);
- medical or confectionery syringe;
- wet wipe to wipe hands;
- board for rolling out sausages and balls.
You can buy a special set for creativity with plasticine in the store.
Video - lesson on modeling
Making a New Year's penguin http://artplastilin.ru/intro/
I have a lot of creative ideas on my Instagram page, join me!! https://www.instagram.com/artwithbaby/
Techniques and methods of plasticineography
Drawing with strokes
The technique involves smearing small pieces of plasticine with your finger.
It is most convenient to use your index finger; strokes can be made different lengths, depending on what needs to be depicted - long details (tree trunk, wave, blade of grass) or short ones (flower petal, sun rays, leaves).
You can use this technique - smear it alternately with different fingers of both hands, this is useful for both fingers and brain activity.
Drawing with plasticine balls
Roll small plasticine balls on a board and press them onto the base. Using this technique, you can create three-dimensional details or fill the contours of a picture with them. 
Flattening the base of the rolled balls
Roll into small balls, then flatten them one by one onto the base. You can use them as individual elements, together with others, or you can fill the entire surface with them.
Smearing on a large surface
The technique is the same as for small pieces, only large areas are covered with plasticine. You can combine different colors, mix them, vary the thickness of the layer.
Scratching patterns on a layer or parts made of plasticine
Apply various patterns to the surface filled with a layer of plasticine or individual parts using the scratching method. This can be done using different tools - sticks, toothpicks, pen caps, etc. Patterns made from spirals look original and add volume.
Rolling plasticine sausages
Children love this technique very much. You need to roll a small piece of plasticine into a sausage and press it to the base. From these sausages you can make: ornaments, snowflakes, twist them into a spiral, twist two or three sausages of different colors together. There are many variations in the use of this technique.
Squeezing plasticine out of a syringe
If you need a lot of identical, even sausages in the design, it is more convenient to make them using a syringe (or garlic press). You will need a syringe with a cut off sharp tip and a container of hot water. Place the plasticine in the syringe, immerse it in water for one minute and gradually squeeze the plasticine out of the syringe onto the base. Wait until the material cools slightly and hardens. Next, you can give the sausages the desired shape.
The combination of various techniques looks original - volumetric applique and a background made using the smudging method.
Types of plasticine painting.
- Straight. This is a traditional type of plasticine painting in which a design is applied to a horizontal surface. This technique can be mastered by younger children.
- Reverse (stained glass). It is performed on the reverse side of a transparent surface - glass, plastic or plexiglass. The image is first drawn with a marker, then the main design is applied with plasticine.
- Modular. In this type of creativity, the design is applied with balls, sausages, flatbreads and other elements. This type is the most difficult; you need the ability to use all the techniques of drawing with plasticine.
- Mosaic. In this technique, the design is made from balls. The technique is simple, you just need to pick it up matching colors and fill the contours inside the picture with rolled balls.
- Contour. The drawing consists of the contours of objects made in the form of thin sausages or flagella.
- Multilayer. In this technique, layers of plasticine are applied sequentially. She best depicts landscapes (sky, sea, forest, mountains), with layers superimposed on one another. This complex technique is suitable for older preschoolers.
- Textured. In this image, the pattern is convex, divided into three types - bas-relief (slightly convex image above the background), high relief (strongly convex image above the background) and counter-relief (concave or recessed pattern).
Happy child 07.11.2017
Dear readers, today I want to introduce you to a very interesting view painting - plasticineography. Plasticine painting comparatively the new kind creativity, which is very accessible and understandable to both children and adults. The process itself is very fascinating, makes you immerse yourself in creativity, feel free from everyday everyday worries and troubles. A young mother, artist and teacher Anna Pavlovskikh, who is already well known to you, will introduce you in more detail to drawing with plasticine. I am pleased to give the floor to her.
Hello, dear readers! I noticed that reviews of various creative activities with children resonate among readers of Irina’s blog, so today I decided to talk about another very interesting technique - plasticineography. Plasticine painting is very relevant and modern look painting, which can be practiced even with the smallest children. Plasticineography allows you to create a relief or even image on a solid base, most often on cardboard. In children's crafts, beads, beads, sequins, and cereals are also used to decorate plasticine paintings.
Kneading plasticine, pinching, rolling small balls, sorting out small decorative details not only trains fine motor skills, but also has a beneficial effect on nervous system. It is especially valuable that in plasticine painting you can easily correct a mistake, which is important for children who have a hard time with their personal failures and take them to heart. Using plasticine paintings as an example, it is very easy to show that no hopeless situations, everything can be corrected and changed.
Painting can be done either according to a preliminary drawing or without it, in addition, you can use printed coloring pages and ready-made contour images.
Materials for drawing with plasticine
- Plasticine, wax is best suited, it is softer, easily kneaded and smeared, and has a rich, bright palette.
- Basis for drawing. It can be cardboard, thick paper, plastic and even glass.
- All kinds of stacks, sticks, toothpicks.
- Decorative elements: beads, seed beads, sequins.
- Medical syringe for squeezing out sausages.
- Damp cloth for hands.
- A modeling board for rolling out sausages and making small balls.
To avoid the appearance of greasy stains from plasticine on a cardboard base, you can first cover it with transparent tape.
Dear readers, I invite you to consider the basic techniques of plasticineography that you can use in joint creative activities with children.
The most convenient way to smear plasticine is with your index finger, and you can smear it in different ways: the mark from smearing can remain longer or shorter, depending on what we want to depict - a flower petal, a long blade of grass or the mane of a lion.
Invite your child to smear the plasticine alternately with different fingers. different hands. This will additionally stimulate the baby’s brain activity.
Flattening the rolled peas onto the base
By flattening small plasticine peas with your fingers, you can get very decorative works. Try using this technique in combination with others or fill the entire plane with such plasticine dots. This type of painting will already be similar to pointillism - a type of painting in which planes are filled with colored dotted strokes.
By spreading plasticine over the base, you can fill quite large spaces. In this case, not only the selected colors will play a role, but also the thickness of the plasticine layer. An additional way to add picturesqueness is to mix the colors of plasticine, as on a piece of watermelon and apple.
If the plasticine is hard, you can warm it in your palms while reading a funny poem about plasticine:
It's hard to wrinkle
It bends tight
He can't mold himself!
Here's the absurdity for you -
Plasticine does not mold!
A. Orlova
Decorate surfaces filled with plasticine with patterns made by scratching. Tools can be stacks, toothpicks, pen pastes. So in the photographs presented, the fins of the fish are decorated with a toothpick.
One of the most interesting plasticine techniques for children is rolling sausages. In plasticine painting, these sausages simply need to be pressed to the base. You can use them to lay out snowflakes, ornaments, make snail twists, or twist one sausage out of two different colored ones.
Painting with plasticine from a syringe
If you decide to make a creative work out of many even sausages, then for a faster and more accurate craft, try using an ordinary medical syringe. To work, you need to cut off the thin tip at the base and prepare a mug with hot water. Place a piece of plasticine in a syringe and immerse it in hot water. After about a minute, start squeezing the plasticine onto the paper.
Let the plasticine cool a little so that the strands become more solid. Now you can shape the shape of the sausages depending on the pattern. Thin strands make very beautiful spirals; they can be used to fill in the details of a drawing, or you can simply lay plasticine strands side by side in the shape of the drawn objects.
Dear readers, today I introduced you to several techniques for plasticine painting. I showed the works of my daughter Svetlana for illustration and inspiration. Using various decorative methods plasticine painting, you and your children can create your own masterpieces. Try, arrange these options together, experiment, use additional decorative elements in the form of beads and sequins. I'm sure everything will work out!
Let plasticine become a favorite toy for you and your child. Spending a little time getting your child interested in this amazing activity, you can always keep your baby busy when you need a free minute. Master these basic techniques yourself and teach them to your children. Through an interesting activity, your child will learn about the world, the joy of creativity, and develop self-confidence.
Plasticineography - source creative development child.
"The origins of abilities and talents
children at their fingertips.
In other words, the more skill
in a child’s hand, the smarter the child.”
V.A. Sukhomlinsky
Fine motor skills are the ability to perform small movements fingers and hands,
through the coordinated actions of the nervous, muscular and skeletal systems. Scientists have proven that about a third of the area of the cerebral cortex is projected onto the hands and therefore the development of fine motor skills of the palms and hands is directly related to the formation of intelligence, the development of speech, memory, attention and thinking. The development of fine motor skills is also necessary because throughout the rest of one’s life a person will need subtle, coordinated movements of the hands and fingers in order to write and draw, as well as perform many different everyday, educational and industrial activities.
One of the ways to develop and train motor skills is visual activity. New development paths are outlined visual arts, which allow us to move away from traditional cliches of work aimed at children mastering only certain skills in drawing and modeling. The introduction of new methods of work gives impetus to the development of both the child’s personality as a whole and the development of his creative potential.
IN pedagogical encyclopedia Creative abilities are defined as the ability to create an original product, a product, in the process of working on which acquired knowledge, skills and abilities are independently applied. Thus, creativity is the creation, on the basis of what is, of what has not yet existed. Creativity is work that comes from the heart. In the literal sense, this applies to working with plasticine, because every particle of this material, before becoming a stroke of the picture, is warmed by the warmth of the child’s hands. That is why the greatest opportunities for developing the creative abilities of preschoolers are provided by plasticineography classes. This technique is good because it is accessible to children and allows you to quickly achieve desired result and brings novelty to children’s activities, making them exciting and interesting.
Plasticineography (“graphy” - create, depict; “plasticine” - material used in work) is the creation of a molded picture that depicts convex, semi-volume objects on a horizontal surface. Plasticineography is otherwise called “Painting with fingers”; this type of painting has a very beneficial effect on the development of the child’s musculoskeletal system, sensory sensitivity, hand-eye coordination, voluntary attention and on the child’s psyche, as it calms and relaxes him.
In order for children to better learn and consolidate skills, training should be carried out in stages. Mastering the “plasticineography” technique involves the implementation of three stages:
Stage 1 - preparatory, in which the teacher teaches children how to use the material correctly and reveals the visual capabilities of plasticine. In early preschool age, drawing with plasticine is introduced. An adult introduces children to simple techniques images: pressing, smearing (berries, snow, beads, etc.).
Stage 2 – basic, continued mastering of available techniques; creating conditions for independent application of accumulated experience. In the middle group we enrich drawing with plasticine as original way drawing, combining color and relief possibilities. At this stage, we introduce children to sculpting techniques using circular and straight movements, and flattening. We introduce plastinography using the ball method (mushrooms, flowers, leaves).
Stage 3 – generalization of acquired knowledge, skills and abilities. At this stage, children combine known methods of activity with new ones and look for alternative solutions.
In older preschool age, children have everything available to them unconventional techniques images, make up more complex relief compositions, use dried fruits, flowers, and blades of grass. To add volume and texture - shells, beads, pebbles, etc. Children are introduced to the stained glass method of reverse plasticine printing, taught to obtain the “marbling effect”, “shimmer of color”, and how to make a plasticine background. At this stage, models, diagrams and algorithms are widely used, and the demonstration of an adult is mostly absent. Children are offered the following topics: “Landscape”, “Still Life”, “Favorite Cartoon” and others.
In the process of teaching children plasticineography, you should not set them very difficult tasks so as not to frighten them. It is important to reinforce their self-confidence and reward them even for small successes. Creativity should give preschoolers the joy of communication, learning about work, play and relaxation. Experience collaboration helps to establish relationships with peers, creates a sense of responsibility towards each other.
The main form of teaching children how to draw with plasticine is a lesson. It is very important to conduct classes in a playful way, as this ensures a dynamic learning process and maximally satisfies children’s need for behavioral and speech independence. Classes are designed taking into account the age, psychological and cognitive characteristics of the child. At each lesson, the teacher decides not only practical, but educational and educational objectives, which allows you to develop the child’s personality. Children learn to explore the world and realize themselves and their place in it, the unity of man and nature, and the possibilities of children’s visual activities expand.
The structure of classes can be flexible and vary depending on goals and objectives, but includes 3 parts: introductory, main and final.
The introductory part begins with the organizational moment. This is where the emotional mood in children is created and explained new material. The introductory part uses different techniques: reading fiction, playing out characters, moving or finger games.
The main part explains and shows techniques for drawing with plasticine. And children independently complete tasks, relying on their experience and their attitude to what is being depicted. If necessary, you can help with advice or conduct individual work. Working with plasticine is labor-intensive and requires effort, so children need rest during the process in the form of physical education minutes and warm-ups.
The final part is very important; it summarizes the lesson. Review and analysis of children's work at the end of the lesson - important condition development of visual creativity. The child’s artistic activity will become even more successful if adults evaluate it positively, not comparing children’s work with each other, but noting the individual manner of performance. Children like it and it allows the child to comprehend the result of his activities, teaches him to think about what he did not succeed.
Plasticine painting gives enormous scope for imagination: from the variety of types of application of plasticine strokes and their texture to the richness of color, which visually looks unusually fresh, bright and rich.
Plasticine is a voluminous material, which means it has weight. Therefore, for work it is necessary to use thick cardboard, rather than thin paper, so that the base does not deform when performing techniques of pressing, smearing, and smoothing the surfaces of the objects being created. The background for the work can be an underpainting made in watercolor or gouache. In this case, so that it looks neat and does not appear over time. greasy spots from plasticine, you need to cover the sheet with a transparent oracal. Or you can tint the sheet with the same thin layer of plasticine. You can use glossy colored cardboard as a background. In order to preserve the work for a long time, it is coated with varnish. For reverse plasticineography, any transparent base is used: plexiglass, plastic, lids from plastic containers, packages, etc. The child needs to be explained that work starts from the top so that the palms do not touch the already covered areas.
Plasticineography classes not only help you master practical skills, but also teach you to admire nature, treat it with care, and help you develop a love for the most inconspicuous flower. Children will never again indifferently tear, trample, or harm anything living themselves, but they will also stop others from taking an unreasonable step.
Drawing with plasticine is a very interesting, attractive and productive activity for children, which opens up great opportunities for expressing their own fantasies, desires and self-expression in general.
Literature:
- Davydova G.N. Plasticineography – 2. – M.: Publishing house “Scriptorium 2003”, 2008.
- Doronina T.N. Children's development in visual arts. – “Childhood-PRESS”, 2005.
- Kazakova T.S. Drawing with preschool children: non-traditional techniques, planning, lesson notes / edited by R.G. Kazakova. M., 2004.
- Komarova T.S. Children's artistic creativity. Toolkit for educators and teachers. M., 2008.
- Yakovleva T.N. Plasticine painting. - “TC SPHERE”, 2010.
The creative development of children is one of the priority areas educational process in kindergarten. This vector of educational work is valuable not only for the content of the material itself, but also for the methodological opportunities that it opens up for other areas of children’s activities. One of these “universal” types of creative activity is plasticineography.
The essence of the concept
Plasticineography is one of the “youngest” areas of fine art, an unconventional modeling technique that allows you to create convex, bas-relief images with plasticine on a hard horizontal surface.
Plasticine drawings are very bright and voluminous.
What you need for classes
Based on the fact that plasticineography involves drawing with plasticine, it is very important to choose convenient materials and devices for work. It is better to use cardboard, plastic or plexiglass as a base (for example, for stained glass plasticine). Plasticine should be selected in bright colors, easily sculpted, and always non-greasy, otherwise greasy marks will remain on the substrate.
To make crafts you will need:
Goals and objectives of plasticineography classes with children
Mission of lessons on non-traditional modeling techniques in preschool educational institution(DOU) is:
- development of attention, thinking, memory, perception, speech;
- training orientation in space, sensorimotor coordination (when working with plastic material, children develop hand strength, their actions become more coordinated and consistent, and finger movements are differentiated);
- education of aesthetic ideas (children receive basic knowledge about combinations of colors, textures, learn to evaluate the product of fine art), as well as the development of perseverance, discipline and accuracy.
Working with plasticine develops fine motor skills
Table: tasks of plasticineography in preschool educational institutions
| Age group | List of tasks |
| First junior (one lesson - practicing one skill) |
|
| Second youngest |
|
| Average |
|
| Older, preparatory |
|
Types of plasticineography in preschool educational institutions
At the preschool educational institution, six types of non-traditional plasticine modeling techniques are practiced, each of which has its own characteristics of performing a creative task:
- direct plasticineography - the picture is drawn up on a horizontal surface (children roll up parts from plasticine in the form of “balls”, “sausages”, place them on the base, while the outline of the picture can be applied to the substrate in advance) - starting from the second semester of the first junior group;
- stained glass or reverse plasticine (plasticine parts are laid out on the back side of transparent plastic or plexiglass along pre-applied contours) - children 5–6 years old;
- contour modeling - the picture is laid out with flagella (thin “sausages”) of different thicknesses (a drawing is applied to the base, with flagella laid out along the borders of the image - this gives it volume, then the internal elements of the picture are laid out with flagella) - second semester of the second junior group or middle group, depending on the level of preparedness of children, in particular, the development of the ability to roll thin sausages or squeeze plasticine from a syringe;
- multi-layer modeling - the image is obtained by successively applying layers of plasticine (from “flat cakes” of different colors we make a “layer cake” from dark to light shades, we bend the workpiece in the center or roll it into a “sausage”, cut it into parts) – older groups;
- mosaic technique - laying out a picture with plasticine balls different sizes- second junior, middle group;
- modular modeling - elements are made in different types of techniques (“balls”, “sausages” of direct technique, contour flagella, etc.), and then these modules are assembled into a single composition;
- textured technique - creating plasticine paintings varying degrees convexity (bas-relief - the image stands out from the background by less than half, high relief - the image appears above the background by more than half, counter-relief - the image goes deeper into the background) - preparatory group.
Video: contour plasticineography - master class
Photo gallery: examples of crafts in different types of plasticine
Direct plasticineography is the initial level of making crafts that can be laid out in contours or placed on a substrate without them. Modular plasticineography combines elements different shapes: balls, flagella, sausages, etc. Textured plasticineography involves using elements of varying degrees of convexity 
To make a background for stained glass plasticineography, it is enough to place a sheet of paper with contours printed on it under a transparent base, and the craft can be done different types drawing with plasticine, including multilayer To make multilayer crafts, children need a certain muscle strength to make the transitions smooth For contour plasticine, flagella of different thicknesses are used
Video: reverse plasticineography technique
Methods and techniques for working in non-traditional modeling techniques
When getting acquainted with the technique of plasticineography, the teacher uses the following methods:
In a preschool educational institution (DOU), mastering plasticineography involves using the same techniques for working with plasticine that are mastered in the traditional modeling technique:
- rolling out “sausages” - a piece of plasticine is rolled out between the palms;
- rolling “balls” - a shapeless piece of plasticine is formed into a ball by circular movements of the palms;
- pinching - pieces of different sizes are pinched off from the “sausage”;
- pinching - pieces are combined into one element;
- pulling - using your fingertips to give the plasticine part a pointed shape;
- flattening into “pancakes” - the plasticine part is given the shape of a flat cake.
In addition, kids get acquainted with the techniques used specifically in the plasticineography technique:
- smearing, when plasticine is spread over the finished surface with your fingertips;
- smearing or pressing - connecting parts to obtain a solid plot;
- sticking - applying plasticine elements to a template;
- smoothing - a technique when a layer of plasticine is smoothed over the surface with fingers soaked in water to prepare the base;
- by mixing multi-colored bars of plasticine to obtain new shades - in the younger group, children knead small pieces of plasticine into a bar of the same color, and in the middle and older groups they learn to carefully stick pieces of different shades on one another, forming transitions between them.
Mastering the techniques of working with plasticine for crafts using traditional and non-traditional techniques goes in parallel.
Table: comparative table of the difficulty level of doing crafts with children of different ages
| Children's age | What plasticineography techniques are mastered? | What form does the work take? | How to do the craft |
| First youngest |
| Separately with each baby | Children repeat after the teacher, who lays out the details one by one. |
| Second youngest |
|
| The kids repeat the drawing, relying on the finished sample, which was created before the eyes of the kids. |
| Average |
|
|
|
| Older |
|
|
|
| Preparatory |
|
Photo gallery: examples of work on the topic “Transport” in different age groups
In the second junior group, children work in direct plasticine, and from the second semester they master the contour form. In the middle group, children learn to combine more than two contrasting colors. senior group children learn to fill the entire space of drawing B with plasticine preparatory group the guys are actively using additional materials to make crafts
Preparation of plasticineography classes in kindergarten
In kindergarten, the topics of lessons on non-traditional modeling techniques, integrating different areas of knowledge and types of art, are very diverse. In this regard, a methodologically competent selection of ideas is to find a topic that reflects the realities of the surrounding world and/or corresponds to the time of year or socially significant events. For example, creating crafts on the theme “Winter” in December-February, “Flag of Russia” on the eve of Russian Flag Day on August 22 or before the Day national unity November 4.
Holiday crafts can be homework
Approximate topics
To prepare lessons on plasticineography, the teacher draws up a work program, which includes a list of goals, tasks for each group, a lesson schedule, a description of teaching materials, as well as calendar and thematic planning. At the same timeactivities are organized in the form of thematic blocks, that is, the topics of lessons from different teaching and educational areas overlap. So, before Mother’s Day, in a lesson on speech development, children learn poems about their mother, in a lesson on getting to know the outside world, they look at the history of this holiday, and using plasticine they make crafts related to treats.
In younger groups, children are just getting acquainted with plasticineography, so the topics involve making crafts with large elements and not too curved lines:
- "Drying";
- “We decorate clothes”;
- « Easter Egg»;
- "Pie for Mom."
Examples of compiling topics for plasticineography classes for children 4–5 years old could be the following:
- "Vegetables on a plate";
- “Bugs in a flower bed”;
- "Mushrooms";
- "Sun in the clouds";
- "Rowan Twig";
- "Autumn tree";
- "Fish";
- "Christmas tree";
- "Christmas decorations";
- "Bullfinch";
- "Snow Woman Fashionista";
- "Teremok";
- "Jolly Rocket"
- “Gift for dad (grandfather)”;
- "Seven-flowered flower";
- "White birch";
- "Space";
- "Starry Sky";
- "Dandelion".
In the senior group, the topics are complemented by classes devoted to the study of folk arts and crafts:
- "Gzhel"
- "The human body. Man in the Rain";
In the preparatory group, the topics also include topics that involve increasing the complexity of the plasticineography technique:
- “Cat” (children train the skill of creating a transition from light to dark shades);
- “Clothes” (children develop clothing designs using different types of techniques - straight, contour);
- « Houseplants"(on this topic children learn to create textured images);
- “My Family” (this topic is a complication of the previously studied topic “My Body” - now young creators learn to maintain proportions between the sizes of people of different ages);
- “Lily of the valley” (the guys continue to work in textured plasticine, combining bas-relief with counter-relief).
Photo gallery: samples of plasticineography works on various topics
In the preparatory group, it is convenient to master the textured type of plasticineography on the topic “Houseplants.” Painting “Gzhel” is usually done with contour plasticineography 
The difficulty of making a painted plate for children lies in making clear lines. When making a nesting doll, children mix colors to obtain shades, for example, white and purple to obtain lilac, and also learn to combine them. To perform “winter” crafts, snow, for example, on birch trees can be depicted with using strokes of paint, a boat using the mosaic technique can be made into a postcard for February 23. In the middle group, children begin to fantasize about the shape of the substrate, making it round, for example. Images of birds in the middle group are complicated by drawing the plumage. A complication of the task on the theme “Fish” is to fill the background of the picture with plasticine For greater relief of rowan berries, you can combine two shades of red. In the middle group, children master the implementation of pointed elements of the design, for example, grass in a composition with mushrooms. In crafts on themes related to flowers, older preschoolers practice the elements of creating counter-relief on leaves. In the preparatory group, children apply decorations. after the base is completely covered with plasticine. In the senior group, the guys master the topic “The human body. Man in the Rain" based on the ideas about the proportions of the body structure acquired during modeling classes, making the little men not voluminous, but flat. In addition to maintaining body proportions, children 6-7 years old on the topic "My Family" learn to maintain proportions in clothes, for example, a small blouse Mom has a bigger shirt and dad has a bigger shirt. The theme in the second younger group, “Cake for Mom,” is duplicated in the middle group, and in the older group it can continue with the theme “Cake for a Friend,” in which the kids practice the smoothing technique. In the younger group, children work on the “Easter Egg” craft master contour plasticineography
Templates for making crafts using plasticine printing technique
Children acquire initial artistic skills in the non-traditional plasticine modeling technique by working with templates, which are used primarily for the direct form of creating plasticine drawings, but can also be used for more complex varieties. Thus, creating drawings with people in them is considered one of the most labor-intensive types of plasticineography.
Regular coloring books can also serve as templates for plasticine printing.
Photo gallery: templates for plasticine painting on the theme “Family”
A template depicting grandparents can be used for contour plasticineography. The pig template can also be used in the middle group, if small details are laid out in mosaics or simply colored with felt-tip pens. In a template depicting a mother with children, a chair, a dog, a book are laid out using direct plasticineography; the remaining details are painted or laid out with plasticine balls, flagella, made using a syringe without a needle. A family of runners is a complex drawing, since it contains many elements and small details, which require a lot of time to complete, which means you can use the image either for a project or in a circle work
Photo gallery: templates for plasticine painting on the theme “Winter”
The template of such a Christmas tree is suitable for direct plasticine printing, and in older groups the drawing can be done using flagella. In the middle group, this template can be used like this: color the tree and make toys from plasticine balls; older preschoolers can do without coloring by combining direct and mosaic plasticine printing 
The snowman template can be used for direct plasticine printing in the first junior group. The Snow Maiden's drawing is easy to perform, since it does not require the use of many colors of plasticine
Photo gallery: templates for plasticine painting on the theme “Pets”
The difficulty of performing a sheep using the direct technique will be to get within the boundaries of the contour of the wool, in this sense it is more convenient to work with mosaic plasticine balls or contour flagella. Usually, a chicken is the first experience of plasticine in the younger group. In the drawing of a cockerel, you can practice the technique of mixing plasticine of different colors. To perform cows require drawing small details, so the task is suitable for older preschoolers who know different types of plasticineography
Video: making a craft “Fish in an Aquarium” - master class
Video: master class on drawing with plasticine the painting “In the Forest”
Video: how to draw a bullfinch with plasticine - master class
Description of the lesson notes on plasticineography on the topic “Sun” in the second junior group by A. Drynkova
The goal of the lesson is to create conditions for the aesthetic development of children 3–4 years old. Among the tasks are:
- introducing children to the technique of plasticineography;
- teaching children to create an image by smearing and smearing one element onto another;
- developing empathy, fostering a desire to help a hero who is in trouble.
The materials used are:
- plasticine of two colors - yellow and orange;
- thick colored cardboard;
- stacks;
- boards for modeling;
- napkins.
Progress of the lesson
In my practice, I successfully used this note when working with children of the first junior group. From my point of view, the drawing is too simple for the second youngest.
Video: plasticineography lesson on the topic “Christmas tree” in the middle group
Preparing a plasticine drawing project
To gain a deeper understanding of a particular topic and expand children’s understanding of the plasticine technique, the project method is used in teaching practice. As a rule, in practice Preschool educational institutions for plasticineography, short-term, that is, requiring a short period of time for preparation (2-3 days). Project development includes several stages of preparation.
- Formulation of goals and objectives. The goal of the design methodology in plasticineography is the formation of a creative approach to solving educational problems. The tasks of preparing and completing the project are as follows: practicing the implementation of elements in one type of technique or another, learning the skills to create artistic images of objects in the world around, training the ability to work in a limited space, the basics of crafts, cultivating aesthetic taste, perseverance and the ability to work in a team.
- Drawing up a project execution plan. This stage includes: preparation necessary materials and equipment, motivating children to complete the task. The event to which the project is timed is also important (for example, the onset of winter, holidays).
- Project implementation.
- Presentation of results project activities. This is a kind of report that can be presented in the form of a story (defense) of a craft, an exhibition finished works in a group or assembly hall.
An example of a description of the project “Gifts of Autumn”
Let's look at a sample of drawing up a project on the topic “Gifts of Autumn” in a preparatory group for school.
Photo gallery: ideas for a project on the theme “Autumn Gifts”
To complete a project task, you can also use additional materials, for example, cereal. The finer the details and the more varied the shades of colors, the more time it takes to complete the project. Middle-aged children can start with direct plasticine projects
Plasticineography circle work
The plasticineography circle is organized to expand the range of topics for crafts, as well as to attract additional materials into the creative process.
List of useful resources for club activities
Before you start developing a work program for a circle for drawing with plasticine, you need to familiarize yourself with the intricacies of the methodology for working with preschoolers in this type of modeling technique:
- Davydova G.N. Plasticineography for kids. – Scriptorium, 2003;
- Shnitskaya I. O. Application from plasticine D.: Phoenix, 2008;
- Yanushko E. A. Modeling with young children (1–3 years). Methodological manual for educators and parents. – M.: Mosaic - Synthesis, 2006.
Circle work gives additional time to create complex paintings from plasticine
Self-education materials
As materials for self-education within the framework of mastering the technique of plasticineography in preschool teacher you need to get acquainted with the developments in the field of development of fine motor skills using modeling in preschool children of different ages:
- Anishchenkova E. S. Finger gymnastics for the development of speech in preschool children. – M.: AST: Astrel, 2006;
- Bolshakova S. E. Formation of fine motor skills of the hands: Games and exercises. - M.: TC Sfera, 2009;
- Koltsova M. M. Physical activity and development of child brain functions. – M.: Pedagogy, 1973;
- Pavlova L. The importance of developing hand actions // Preschool education. 1984, № 1;
- Tsvintarny V.V. We play with our fingers and develop speech. - St. Petersburg: Hardford, 1996.
Important nuances of drawing up a work program for a circle
Drawing up a program for a circle based on plasticine drawing includes taking into account the following aspects:
- features of the age of the wards (mastery of the types should be built sequentially, and the techniques should correspond to the muscular strength of the kids, for example, smoothing is mastered only with older preschoolers - kids simply do not have enough strength to smooth out the transitions of shades and elements);
- form of conducting lessons (games - for younger and middle group, plot stories - for older preschoolers);
- methods and techniques of interaction with children (with kids these are mainly verbal methods, in older groups - practical);
- equipping classes (involving ICT);
- lesson schedule (usually one lesson per week, with children 5–7 years old it is possible to conduct two lessons per week);
- expected results of work;
- list of topics for classes.
Fragment of the activity program of a plasticineography circle for children 5–6 years old
In my practice in work program mug on non-traditional modeling technique “Plasticine Crow” in the senior group I covered the following positions:
- using a computer and a multimedia projector to demonstrate finished works, templates and videos with the procedure for completing crafts, which contributes to the development of creativity in children;
- working hours of the circle - classes are held 2 times a week after nap;
- lesson duration - 30 minutes;
- Among the themes being developed are “Expanses of Space” (mosaic plasticine), “Blooming Apple Orchard” (contour drawing with plasticine), “Gzhel” (stained glass plasticine), etc.
It should be noted that thematic planning with a description of the objectives of each lesson forms the main part of the program.
Table: Chernyshova A.A. fragment of thematic planning for a plasticineography circle in the senior group for September
| Order number | Topic name, main tasks | Number of hours | the date of the |
| 1 | Introduction.
| 1 | September |
| 2 | "Snake"
| 1 | |
| 3, 4 | “What is autumn without mushrooms”
| 2 | |
| 5 | “Autumn Forest” (landscape)
| 1 | |
| 5 | “Let’s decorate the service” (still life)
| 1 | |
| 6 | "Let's decorate a tie for dad"
| 1 |
Video: idea for the painting “Ladybug on a Flower” for a plasticineography class
Monitoring by plasticine drawing
Diagnostics of the process and results of children’s work in the plasticineography technique is carried out as part of monitoring all types of creative activity of pupils. The assessment procedure is carried out through observation during individual and group work. In this case, the teacher evaluates the child’s activities in six positions.
Table: criteria for monitoring using plasticineography
| Analyzed parameter | Criteria for evaluation |
| Creative activity |
|
| Sensory abilities |
|
| Composition |
|
| General manual skill |
|
| Independence |
|
| Technical Skills Indicators | Rolling out |
Flattening
|
|
Smearing
|
Higher philological education, 11 years of experience teaching English and Russian, love for children and an objective view of modernity are the key lines of my 31-year-old life. Strengths: responsibility, desire to learn new things and self-improvement.
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