Which private kindergarten give the child, or the Best - to the children!

It is no secret that the development of a child under the age of seven is the foundation on which the personality is subsequently formed. Therefore, you should not perceive kindergarten simply as a place where the child is supervised while the parents are busy. It is in kindergarten that the child gets his first experience of extra-family interaction with society and takes the first steps towards discovering his creative and intellectual abilities.

Kindergartens, as you know, are private and municipal, and that’s all more parents decide to overpay, but send the child to a commercial kindergarten. Why this happens - we will try to answer in this article.

Pros and cons of private kindergartens

On this moment There are already more than 400 private preschool institutions in Moscow, and this figure is constantly increasing. The reasons are simple: in municipal kindergartens there are often no free places, it is quite difficult to enroll a child in them, the conditions of stay and the quality of education in them sometimes leave much to be desired. The advantages of a private kindergarten are obvious - the baby is surrounded by care and comfort, deliciously fed, and qualified teachers take part in his upbringing. Although, of course, such institutions also have disadvantages. Let's take a closer look at the pros and cons of private kindergartens.

pros

• Small groups. Unlike government agencies with their groups of up to 30–35 children, in private ones there are no more than 10–12 children per teacher - which means that everyone is guaranteed supervision.
• Delicious and healthy food. Many parents are faced with the fact that the menu in regular kindergartens contradicts the characteristics and eating habits of the child. In private institutions, the tastes and needs of each child are taken into account.
• Lots of educational activities. In private institutions, more attention is paid to the comprehensive development of children. In addition, speech therapists and psychologists communicate with the children. Such kindergartens often implement a specific training program.
• Availability. There is no need to register for private kindergartens in Moscow immediately after the birth of a child; there are no queues or restrictions on admission. Even if you don’t have a capital residence permit, your child will be accepted into the group.

Minuses

• Location. A public kindergarten is located close to home, but getting to a suitable private one can be difficult.
• The cost of a child's stay in a private kindergarten in Moscow can be quite high.

Types of private kindergartens: which one to choose

Despite the fact that the institution has one format, there are several types of kindergartens. For example, kindergartens may differ:

...by length of stay:

• Full day kindergartens. The traditional format of establishments with children staying from 8.00 to 17.00.
• Extended day kindergartens. Such institutions operate from early morning until late evening. There are also 24-hour kindergartens, but they are rare.
• Private child development centers, or part-time kindergartens, where you can send your child for a few hours. They usually have a subscription payment system.

...by direction:

• General development- similar in approach to state kindergartens, they do not focus on the development of specific skills. The child learns to sing, draw, dance, communicate with peers, and learns the basics of science.
• Narrowly directed ones have a “slope”- the area to which most of the classes will be devoted. Thus, language kindergartens are popular, including those with communication only in foreign languages, institutions with a large number of creative games and lessons, and kindergartens that intensively implement a school preparation program.
• Corrective kindergartens and development centers for children with health problems and various developmental characteristics.
• Combined- uniting groups of different directions from the above.

...by type of organization:

• Traditional system. A kindergarten is a specialized licensed institution with its own building and adjacent territory.
• Home kindergarten located directly in an apartment or in a private house. Sometimes creators rent space or organize an institution on their territory. Typically, such a kindergarten consists of two or three rooms (a playroom and a bedroom, sometimes a kitchen), and includes one or two teachers who teach 8–12 children.
• Family kindergarten is not a completely ordinary private kindergarten, since it is created by a large family that also has small children (3 or more). The mother becomes the nanny-educator in it, and children from other families will not necessarily be accepted into it. Such a family kindergarten is one of the ways of state support for parents with many children; officially it is considered a division of a regular district child care facility, and the parent-educator is an employee and receives a salary.

...according to educational methods:

• Traditional approach. The classic general developmental system, used in most public kindergartens, is also relevant for private ones. Its basis is a policy document edited by M.A. Vasilyeva, V.V. Gerbova, T.S. Komarova "Education and training in kindergarten." The system uses proven methods for the comprehensive development of the baby. The undoubted advantage of the program is its good combination with subsequent school education.
• Waldorf pedagogy is aimed at developing creativity and hard work in the child. Its main tasks are teaching children mutual assistance, educating younger ones through the example of older ones, organizing a healthy rhythm of life in a group of different ages. In groups, the elders help in raising the younger ones, and they, in turn, over time become young educators themselves. Games and activities are aimed at developing creativity and imagination. The principle of learning in the Waldorf method is to understand the world through free play, through creativity. At the same time, games are not reduced to simple manipulation: with the help of toys from natural materials the child learns to fantasize and use the same objects different ways. Development of creative thinking, harmonious learning, closeness to nature, absence of criticism through assessment - these are the advantages of the program. Despite the fact that this technique does not set itself the task of quickly mastering counting, writing and reading, children easily adapt to school programs: regular or specialized.
• Montessori. This well-known technique is aimed at developing independence in the baby. The motto of the system is “help me do it myself.” In the form of a game, a child gains basic knowledge about the world around him, studies the basics of science, and the teacher only observes, corrects if necessary, and helps in solving complex problems. This gives good results: at the age of five, children already know how to count and write, and are taught discipline. As with the Waldorf method, children often study in groups of different ages. There are no lessons in the traditional sense here: each child chooses what he wants to learn at the moment. Moreover, every game and object in the room is part of the learning.

Cost of private kindergarten services in Moscow

Of course, most parents are also concerned about the money issue - not every family can afford to spend hundreds of thousands of rubles a month on the development of their child. In fact, in Moscow you can find an institution for almost any budget: for example, the services of a private kindergarten in the economy category will cost about 20-30 thousand rubles per month. Institutions with an expanded “set” of classes and extended days often have prices of 30–65 thousand rubles per month. Institutions in the “luxury” category may differ both in the specifics of teaching - for example, foreign teachers will work with children, and simply in their location in an elite area of ​​​​Moscow. The price for the services of such private kindergartens starts from 70 thousand per month or more. Many institutions provide discounts when enrolling a second child in kindergarten.

Is the difference in price for the services of private and municipal kindergartens so significant? Of course, the difference can reach tens of times. But, as parents who have chosen municipal institutions say, the total costs in this case are also significant. Thus, prices for classes in modeling, dancing, and singing reach 8–9 thousand rubles per month. Add to this improved nutrition - the amount could reach 14-15 thousand. Don’t forget about the basic fee for kindergarten (1.5–2 thousand for a “free” program and 7–8 thousand for a paid basis), additional fees for repairs and toys. The amount obtained as a result of the calculations is quite enough to pay for the services of a good private kindergarten with an individual approach and small groups.

There are quite a lot of private kindergartens in Moscow, but choosing one that will suit both the child and the parents is not an easy task. We recommend that you first decide on the requirements for the institution: after all, each child has his own characteristics, and parents have their own vision of ideal results from visiting the group. What should you pay attention to when choosing a kindergarten?

• Schedule. It is no secret that private kindergartens are often chosen by parents who spend a lot of time working. It is important to choose an institution in such a way that you have time to drop off and pick up your child without traumatizing his psyche or spoiling relations with employees with your daily tardiness.
• Methods of education. In addition to the obvious features of each program, there are also those that many parents do not think about. For example, some mothers, if they have two or more children, tend to send them to one group - this means less stress for each child and teaches them mutual assistance. But mixed-age groups are available only in kindergartens that implement the Waldorf method, and in rare cases, the Montessori system.

  Part-time parents or those whose work has a flexible schedule should avoid kindergartens with a traditional work schedule: due to irregular visits and early care, the child will have gaps in knowledge.

  Take into account the institution’s approaches to preparing a child for school - some kindergartens are focused on state school programs, others are focused on the child’s further education in a private school.

• Documentation. The activities of private kindergartens are required to be licensed, with the only exception being home groups. It is also worth familiarizing yourself with the documents for the occupied space. In addition, an agreement is usually concluded with a private institution, which specifies the list and cost of services, work schedule, rights and obligations of the parties. Please read this document carefully before signing.
• Reviews. You can search for them on the Internet, but it is best to personally communicate with the staff, as well as with parents who have already chosen this kindergarten for their children.
• Close to home . Most parents tend to choose a kindergarten located as close as possible to their place of residence. Of course, this is correct, because the child will not have to get up earlier and waste time on a long daily “journey.” But you shouldn’t give your baby to the nearest establishment without looking either.

When choosing a private kindergarten, parents tend to focus on their own vision of the future of their child and their financial capabilities. But the baby’s comfort also plays an important role. To make sure that the chosen institution is suitable for your child, you should pay attention to the psychological state of your child after visiting the kindergarten. Of course, you need to take into account the adaptation period - during this time, complaints can be caused by stress from a change of environment.

Whether a child will go to kindergarten or not is a question that each parent must decide individually. To answer this, you need to seriously think about what this will give to my child, will it benefit him and will it not harm him? To understand this, you need to learn about all the advantages and pitfalls of modern preschool education.

What does kindergarten give to a child?

There is an opinion that if a child did not go to kindergarten, then he will not be able to learn to find mutual language with peers and in the future he will have problems with communication and communication skills. In fact, if a child comes into contact with children while walking on the playground or visiting sections, then this already provides the necessary basis and he should not have problems with communication skills. The main thing is to take your little one out into the world more often, and don’t sit at home. And in kindergarten, despite all the opportunities for communication, the baby runs the risk of running into aggression from peers, which can negatively affect the delicate child’s psyche and really create problems.

And you shouldn’t think that this kind of “school of life” is completely harmless; it’s good if the child can cope with the stress that has fallen on him, but what if not?

With constant conflicts in kindergarten, the child may withdraw into himself. In this case, it is important that the teacher resolve the problem in a timely manner, otherwise there is a risk that the child will develop self-doubt and fear of communication itself. In addition, there are cases of gross incompetence of the educators themselves. If a child is systematically subjected to unfair reproaches from adult staff, then he may develop the idea that this is normal behavior, and that power gives the right to humiliate people weaker than oneself.

Many parents believe that they will not be able to develop their child and prepare him for school as they will in kindergarten. But no one will be able to convey new information to the child the way parents would do, and he will not listen to anyone as much as his relatives. And most importantly, in case of difficulties with studying the material, mom and dad will always help, and the baby will not be afraid to learn new things, he will be confident in his abilities and strive forward. At the right approach parents to education and development, the baby can achieve much greater success than in kindergarten. Read literature on education, take an interest in teaching methods, and the result will not take long to arrive.

Another argument in favor of kindergarten – if a child does not go to kindergarten, he will not learn discipline and self-organization. In reality, everything is not so simple. After all, at home it is also possible, and in fact it is even necessary, to introduce a daily routine. Organize your baby’s day so that everyone is comfortable, diversify it with all sorts of activities and games, let’s interesting tasks, let him be a little independent.

If your child attends kindergarten, carefully monitor his behavior. You should be wary if your baby begins to withdraw into himself, becomes indifferent to previously loved games, cries before going to kindergarten, gets nervous for no apparent reason, and periodically comes in with bruises and scratches. Talk to your child, discuss this issue with the teacher, if there is a problem, then it must be solved.

But you shouldn’t think that you shouldn’t send your child to kindergarten under any circumstances. Kindergarten is different from kindergarten, when making the right choice educational institution, a kindergarten can become a second home for a child and will bring exceptional benefits and joy. And if you decide to send your child to kindergarten, you need to approach the choice very responsibly.

A good kindergarten should have free access to information about the work of the kindergarten, its staff, schedule, and nutrition; the menu should take into account the characteristics of a particular child; small groups, no more than 12 people. Be sure to talk with the teacher, let him tell you about his method of teaching children, you can attend one lesson. Talk to the parents of your classmates to see if they are happy and if their child is willing to go to this kindergarten.

You can also consider not only public kindergartens, but also private or home kindergartens, the latter listed “as child care centers.” Choose the most suitable option for your child.

So, the example of North Carolina. I think it’s clear that a kindergarten that meets the minimum requirements gets 1 star. On the one hand, it’s not enough, but in fact it’s already good - after all, it’s a kind of verification and assessment. To get additional stars, you need to earn points on many components over the past year: staff education, the availability of paid leave or other additional payments from them, the process of teaching children, the standards and approaches used, not to mention the required number of teachers, toys and free space. areas for games and recreation. Here are just some of the points that are taken into account when assigning the so-called rating “ environment"or the atmosphere in a kindergarten:

• The ratio of the number of staff and children in the institution;
• Is the room large enough for children and is everything organized safely?
• Condition and availability of materials for games;
• Compliance with the rules for changing diapers/clothes, washing hands;
• Relationships between teachers and children, etc.

These are just a few requirements from a large list, so it’s easy to imagine that in a 5-star kindergarten the waiting lists for free places can drag on for years, although the price there is clearly very high. At the same time, 3 stars is already very good result. Considering that kindergarten should post your scores for each item in a visible place, it is very easy to figure out why one institution has a little less and another has a little more.

In my opinion, such an assessment is a completely reasonable decision - at least from the point of view of parents. They have the opportunity to immediately imagine what they are paying for. For example, in Canada, kindergartens are very expensive. Prices vary greatly, starting from 500 Canadian dollars, ending (I’m afraid to even guess) 1500 per month. Imagine, when you need to pay such an amount in a month, then at least you want to be confident in this institution. Moreover, if we are talking about a home kindergarten, where a mother, having her own children, takes in other children and looks after them. It is not always possible to determine by eye why one kindergarten costs twice as much as another, so the presence of an official system for assigning stars according to specific and publicly available requirements attracted me.

I don’t know how good this system really is, but we can definitely say that the quality of care for children in kindergarten does not always depend on the number of stars, so it’s definitely impossible to rely only on points. What thoughts did you have on this matter?

Related articles: Children

Lara Mama 22.04 13:53

My sister went to kindergarten screaming. All the neighboring houses heard her screaming! She didn’t like it, it was terrible! Now she says that the nanny called her a “microelement.” Now she understands that this is not some kind of swearing, but a statement of fact. She is short (now she is 30 and 1m49cm :)). The memories are bad. But she sent her daughter to kindergarten. Only not at 1.5 years, when she was given away, but at almost three. There are always “two sides of the coin.” I think that you need to communicate with the teacher. Ask about your child, talk about him individual characteristics. We brought my niece to the teacher and said: “The child needs an eye and an eye. She can run away from the playground. Be careful, please.” I think that a kindergarten is needed. In general, it has a positive impact. But a lot depends on the teachers. Good luck to all!!!

Rinatka Akhmetova 22.04 13:54

I went to kindergarten for about a year, and then I flatly refused. She said that I would sit at home alone, but I wouldn’t go there. And she was sitting! While my father came home from work (he worked shifts), I sat alone at home under the table, but did not go to kindergarten! I don’t remember what I didn’t like there... Of course, all kindergartens are different. One woman from Australia sent me a description of their kindergarten and what they give to children there in terms of education and skills acquisition, so we read it with the whole family more than once. My Julia can’t do even a fraction of that more youngest child already knows how to do it there! I'll ask permission and maybe publish an excerpt later. This is how I understand kindergarten! The child doesn’t want to leave it, can you imagine... But our teachers are hungry, they went there out of desperation, because there are few of them from God after all... Children are often shouted at, forced to sit on potties for an hour, etc. horror films. Often, children of educators are simply afraid; they put pressure on them psychologically, ruining their personality and leveling everyone with the same brush. Of course, there are a lot of good things, and most importantly, communication and teamwork. This is very necessary in life. I, too, am still trying to solve the problem of how to give good development, love and, at the same time, community to a child. Until I came to the idea of ​​creating a kindergarten myself And in Moscow you have a lot of all kinds of commercial, elite, etc. kindergartens. Where for 5 people there is one teacher who knows English and all known techniques, etc... Maybe look for something like a development center? Or is it crazy expensive? We have one such kindergarten in Omsk. There is a day group and classes (they call themselves Montessori). There is a queue for several years ahead and crazy pay. No, why not business!? People are willing to pay for education, for good attitude to your child. There is demand and no supply. Something is wrong... the market doesn't allow it. And what also holds me back somewhat from going to kindergarten is that most of the kindergarten children I know have very frequent acute respiratory infections. Well, almost as soon as they’ll be discharged to kindergarten, again on sick leave. I wouldn't want to ruin the child's health. Although there is an opinion that a child should be exposed to all sorts of infections, this trains the immune system. But my heart just can't agree with this...

Choosing a kindergarten- it is a very painstaking task and cannot be rushed. Psychologists, methodologists and thoughtful parents are unanimous: it is much better for a child from 3 years old to go to a good kindergarten than to sit at home with his mother, grandmother or nanny; going to a bad one is immeasurably worse.

There is a rule that has long been formulated, which should be remembered when sending a child to kindergarten: we are looking not so much for a kindergarten, but for teachers, for their personal and professional quality parents should bet. After all, it is the first teacher who determines how your child’s kindergarten destiny will turn out.

A fairly reliable source of information is word of mouth. Start collecting reviews in advance about kindergartens in your area from neighbors, acquaintances, parents of “kindergarten children” at the playground, at the clinic, or at the local doctor.

It is advisable to start choosing a garden no later than a year before your intended admission, since there is a waiting list in good gardens. If you suddenly don’t like the initially chosen option, you will have time to find and consider others.

Having selected the addresses of institutions about which you have learned something that interests you, go on reconnaissance. We advise you to take this book with you and write down the pros and cons next to each of the points listed below. When you come home, calculate all the pros and cons, think and discuss with your family: will you be calm for your child, leaving him in this particular kindergarten for the whole day.

Come to the kindergarten for the walk (approximately 10.30 - 11.30). You need to start with a conversation with the manager, then an inspection of the garden and its territory.

Conversation with the manager

Ask the manager about the daily routine. Is there enough time for naps and walks during the day, are the children overloaded with activities, and is there morning exercise? Choose a kindergarten where the number of children in the group is no more than 15 and no less than 6.

If the group does not have an assistant teacher (nanny) and a second (shift) teacher, look for another kindergarten, no matter what the arguments.

Remember, what is important is not the presence of a speech therapist and psychologist on staff, but how many children he will have to “manage”. One psychologist (speech therapist, defectologist) for 70-80 children is not serious.

Find out whether a nurse works in the garden, what her responsibilities are, her work schedule, what preventive, health-improving and hardening measures are carried out.

Check out sample menu. Check if it changes depending on the time of year (in spring and autumn - more vegetables and fruits; soups are not pea, but vegetable; not pasta and potatoes, but zucchini and cabbage). Is it possible to feed the baby separately if he is allergic?

Ask to talk about activities, holidays, music and sports leisure and the personnel conducting them.

Standard set of disciplines:

• acquaintance with the outside world or ecology;
• games (role-playing, active, didactic);
• speech development (replenishment of vocabulary, learning correct pronunciation,
• agreement of words, compilation of an oral story about what was seen);
• acquaintance with children's literature (listening, retelling what they read, memorizing
• by heart);
• mathematics;
• drawing;
• modeling;
• applique;
• design;
• music lessons(listening to music, singing, musical-rhythmic movements);
• physical education classes.
• IN preparatory group Literacy training is added.

If there are numerous additional classes in kindergarten (logic, psychology, rhetoric, computer science, early learning of reading, writing, chess, etc.), carefully consider whether your child really needs all these sciences, or whether it makes sense to give up something.

Experienced teachers and psychologists have established that the child is “ready” for conscious perception large quantity various “sciences” and knowledge only by the age of 5-6 years, and the total number of classes throughout the day should not exceed four or five, including individual lessons.

Separately about a foreign language. The idea of ​​learning a foreign language in early childhood is not bad in itself. However, it must be borne in mind that early bilingualism can lead to delays speech development or stuttering. This danger is especially real if the child is not just learning a language, but ends up in a foreign language environment. You should also not practice sound pronunciation with children under 5 years of age, as well as with children who have speech therapy problems.

Inspection of the premises and territory

While getting to know the kindergarten, pay attention to: how the teachers and children talk to each other; how interested adults are in children; whether they raise their voice; whether they call you by name; do they organize play activity; Do they respond to children's requests and complaints? Your task is to understand whether they are ready to respect and understand your child.

Pay special attention:

• to an exhibition of children's works;
• Is there information for parents, recommendations from specialists;
• Are the toys varied, are they accessible to children, are they selected according to age, will they be interesting to your baby or are they just designed to “show off”, to create a “bright spot” in the group;
• are there corners for role-playing games;
• Is there a place for drawing and designing in your free time?
• is there a book exhibition;
• if a separate place is not equipped for food, and meals and activities take place at the same tables, this is not so important. Much more important is whether this furniture is suitable for your child’s height and whether the incorrect backrest of the chair will spoil his posture;
• whether there are specially equipped music and physical education halls (in some gardens they can be combined, which is quite acceptable) is strictly mandatory.
• A room with equipment for physical therapy is welcome, but exercise therapy classes in no case replace regular physical education!
• are there any dryers for hair;
• are there special rubber mats and paths (if there is a sauna or swimming pool in the garden);
• Is there a special relaxation room next to the sauna, or will steamed kids have to immediately run to their group;
• on the cleanliness and safety of restrooms.

Summarize:

1. The very first option is the most important and most banal: interview parents whose children attend nearby kindergartens. They are the ones who will tell you how well or poorly the children are looked after, whether the kids love their teachers, how the kindergarten is equipped, what toys are there, and many other important details that no one else will tell you.

2. Pay attention to the territory of the kindergarten - how clean it is, whether it is cluttered with garbage, whether the sandboxes and swings are broken. Naturally, there should be a children's playground on the territory, and the territory itself is fenced, and the gate leading to it is closed - do not be surprised, but many kids are so inquisitive that they try to escape outside the kindergarten.

3. Get to know the staff, look at the environment in which your child will be. Are there enough toys? Is the room comfortable? Do you like the teacher? Be sure to talk to the doctor who should be in the kindergarten.

4. Find out from the head what program the classes are taught in, the number of children in the group, ask to tell you about the classes and the staff who conduct them.

A list of questions to ask the administration when choosing a kindergarten of any type:

• Find out the operating hours of the preschool educational institution.
• Ask to see your license and charter.
• Ask about the programs and methods that educators work with.
• Pay attention to the number of children in the group and the number of teachers.
• Ask to tell you about the staff.
• Inquire about nutrition.
• Find out what groups there are in the garden.
• Ask what extracurricular activities the kindergarten offers and how much they cost.
• Pay attention to the founders and sponsors of the kindergarten.
• Documents for kindergarten.

Let's say you have already chosen a suitable kindergarten, and this kindergarten is municipal. What documents are required to enroll a child there?

1. Medical card 20 with a note on vaccinations: polio, DPT, mumps, measles, Mantoux test (done no more than a year ago). Tests: blood (general), urine, enterobiasis, worm eggs (done no more than 10 days ago). Notes from doctors: orthopedist, ENT specialist, ophthalmologist, neurologist, dentist, pediatrician (epicrisis and referral to a health group).

2. Birth certificate.

3. Insurance policy

What to do if there are no places?

What to do if you have already collected everything necessary documents, brought them to the manager and heard that there were no places in the kindergarten? This is a typical situation at the moment, since most gardens are overcrowded, and even waiting lists are drawn up 1-3 years in advance. In this case, you need to contact the district education department, and they will definitely find you another kindergarten closer to your home, where there are free places.

To avoid this situation, get in line early. This can be done officially - now in every kindergarten there are “Registration Books for Future Pupils”. As soon as the baby is born, you come to the kindergarten you like and enroll the child in this book. The manager will give you a notification of registration and will subsequently inform you when the group will be completed. There are also preferential categories accepted into kindergarten out of turn - these are children from large families, children of the unemployed, children of refugees and migrants, children of student mothers, children of disabled people of groups 1 and 2, children under guardianship, children one of whose parents is in military service, children of single working parents, children of judges, prosecutors and investigators, children workers educational institutions systems of the Department of Education, as well as children whose brothers and sisters already attend this kindergarten.

It rarely happens that an urban family can afford the luxury of home parenting for a child before school. As a rule, if not one and a half years, then three years after giving birth, the mother goes to work. All that remains is to make a decision - who will be with the baby during her absence, will give him love, teach him and comprehensively develop him. There are usually three options: grandmother, nanny and kindergarten, with most parents resorting to the last social service.

In recent years, great changes have occurred in the preschool education system. If previously absolutely all institutions were considered nurseries and worked with children according to one common “Program of education and training in kindergarten”, now the stories of two neighbors on the playground about the kindergarten can differ like heaven and earth. And in order for your child to be among those who go to kindergarten as if it were a holiday, you must take care to choose the best and most suitable for him.

Classification of kindergartens by focus - what they are like

Kindergarten is the most common type of state preschool educational institution. It provides supervision, care and health improvement, education and upbringing of children. Kindergartens have different educational programs.

General developmental kindergarten with priority implementation of any direction or directions of development of pupils - physical, intellectual, artistic and aesthetic.

The kindergarten for care and wellness operates with an emphasis on sanitary, hygienic, preventive and health-improving measures and procedures.

Center- kindergarten. Such centers have gaming and fitness centers, an art studio, a computer class, a children's theater, and a swimming pool. An integrated approach is used to organizing work with children - physical and mental development, correction are carried out, and the emphasis is on intellectual, artistic and aesthetic development.

Combined kindergarten includes several different groups: general developmental, compensatory, health-improving, as well as in various combinations.

Compensatory kindergarten with priority implementation of qualified correction. These kindergartens accept children with various pathologies, for example, delayed mental development, with tuberculosis intoxication, with musculoskeletal disorders, with hearing impairment, with speech impairment, with visual impairment, with intellectual impairment, frequently ill children. Highly qualified doctors work in such schools, and special conditions are created for children - sometimes dietary meals, swimming pools, saunas, massage rooms, a small number of children in groups. In compensatory kindergartens they not only treat, but also educate and train in accordance with a special program. At these kindergartens there are consultation points where parents can get advice and recommendations on what to do in a particular case.

To get into a compensatory kindergarten, you need a referral from a pediatrician and certificates from specialists in the kindergarten’s profile.

Four types of kindergartens

In addition to classification by focus, kindergartens are divided into four large groups: municipal, departmental, private (commercial) and home (family). Depending on the type of kindergarten, the curriculum, the number of children in the group, the quality of food and toys, and even the psychological atmosphere will vary in many ways.

Municipal kindergartens– this is our own childhood. A lot about them depends on the head or director - all things being equal, some kindergartens are known throughout the district, and parents try to get in line for several years in advance. In the state kindergarten there is a “general education program”, walks, physical education, modeling, drawing, etc. Some provide paid additional services that you have the right to refuse, even if all the other parents in the group want to use them.

Advantages of a municipal kindergarten:

• low cost. It is established by law and amounts to 150 rubles per month. There are categories of beneficiaries, for example, single mothers, mothers of many children, widows, etc.
• proximity to home. In addition to the fact that doctors do not recommend taking your child to kindergarten if the journey takes more than 20 minutes, in a nearby kindergarten the child will have the opportunity to make friends with whom he can spend his free time on weekends.

Disadvantages of a municipal kindergarten:

• groups are too full. 25-30 people for a state kindergarten are not uncommon. As a result, they still have to teach, say, reading or writing at home; the teacher does not have time to explain incomprehensible points to so many students.
• low quality of care and supervision, uniformity in activities. There is no question of an individual approach to each child. This is also partly due to the problem of "overpopulation".
• lack of any delicacies in the diet. If the child refuses to eat any food, he will have to remain hungry until the next meal.

Choosing the best municipal kindergarten

1. In many kindergartens there are real queues. To send a three-year-old child there, you have to get in line immediately after birth - and this, unfortunately, is not an exaggeration. You can line up in several kindergartens at once so that you have time to make your final choice.
2. Find out if the kindergarten has a so-called “adaptation group”. It is intended for young children who have never attended kindergarten before.
3. Find out the kindergarten's operating hours. All state kindergartens are divided into 12-hour, 14-hour and 24-hour. There is a ten- or five-hour stay. By the way, if educators try to demand from parents that they pick up their children earlier, this is their personal initiative, to which they have no right. So called " short days" - also a violation of the law; the kindergarten must work the same on all working days.
4. Pay attention to the number of children in the group and the number of teachers. In municipal kindergartens, there are violations of the Standard Regulations on Preschool Educational Institutions (preschool educational institutions), according to which a group should have no more than 20 children and 2 teachers - one in the first shift and one in the second, with an assistant teacher (nanny) working with them. These are full-time employees. But sometimes, due to insufficient funding, such an assistant may not be available and the teacher takes on all the functions of a nanny.

Departmental kindergartens are not directly controlled by the Department of Education; their programs and procedures are determined by the enterprises and organizations in whose department the kindergarten is located. Such kindergartens are more expensive, but children of company employees are given discounts. There are few departmental gardens now, and their number is declining.

Advantages of a departmental kindergarten:

• a relatively small (compared to municipal) number of children in the group,
• Better conditions stay for children (again, compared to municipal kindergartens),
• thoughtful menu.

Disadvantages of a departmental garden:

• quite high payment (up to several thousand),
• Sometimes there are difficulties with enrolling children from outside.

Choosing the best departmental kindergarten

When choosing, you should consider two important points:

1. Check to see if the kindergarten is state certified and licensed.
2. Pay attention to how well the social base of the enterprise in whose department the kindergarten is located is provided, how rich the organization is. Otherwise, you risk paying for dubious quality.

Private kindergartens– an ideal option in the absence of financial difficulties. They work, as a rule, until 20-00 or 21-00, or around the clock. Private kindergartens have a very intensive and rich development program. Private kindergartens, as a rule, are well provided with games and toys, visual aids; children can be taken for a walk to the nearest forested area.

Control over the work of non-state preschool educational institutions is carried out through licensing, accreditation, certification of programs and certification of teachers.

Advantages of a private kindergarten:

• a small number of children in the group - about 10-12 people, the child receives enough attention
• children adapt more easily to kindergarten
• varied and tasty food, the opportunity to please every child,
• individual approach to children, which gives them the opportunity to maximize their abilities. Each group has several educators, and children’s development is monitored by speech therapists, psychologists, pediatricians, and subject teachers.
• parents have the right to influence the educational process - for example, through boards of trustees. In particular, they can inspect the kitchen, demand a report on financial activities, and even attend classes.
• Many private kindergartens operate on the “kindergarten-school” system.

The only disadvantage of a private kindergarten is its cost.

Choosing the best private kindergarten

1. Pay attention to the proximity of the kindergarten to the house. Even a very good kindergarten will not be suitable if the journey takes more than half an hour by car. By the way, some private kindergartens provide delivery of children to the institution and back.
2. Check out the license for educational activities, Charter of the institution and agreement. Find out if the kindergarten has a document for the area it currently occupies. The contract must contain the range of services provided, terms of payment and the regime of the child’s stay in kindergarten. All rights and obligations of the parties must be specified in detail and included in the contract. And to protect yourself from unexpected expenses, look in the documents for the phrase “the price paid under the contract cannot change during the child’s stay in the preschool institution.”
3. Check out the menu. Inspect the premises, toys, walking area, pay attention to the behavior of the teachers and their communication with the children.
4. Find out about the program and the methods used in the kindergarten. Find out which school the kindergarten is aimed at - private or general education.
5. You can ask an additional question about the education of the person who runs the kindergarten and the qualifications of teachers, doctors and educators - a good kindergarten will provide you with detailed information. Ask who will teach special subjects.
6. Find out what mode the nurse and doctor work in.
7. Pay attention to the period of operation of the kindergarten: five years for our country is already a considerable period of time.

Home kindergarten (family kindergarten)- another type of private garden. Usually it contains married couple in their apartment, or the founders rent a room in which they set up a bedroom and a playroom. They invite a teacher, a nanny and a cook, and for older children - teachers of a foreign language, music, and drawing.

Advantages of home kindergarten

• maximum care and attention, absence of injuries, conditions close to home, to life big family,
• small number of children - 3-5 people,
• individual approach to nutrition.

Cons of home kindergarten

• very high pay
• possible problems associated with a lack of equipment or premises.

The rules for choosing a kindergarten are the same as in the previous case.

We are looking for the best kindergarten

1. The very first option is the most important and most banal: interview parents whose children attend nearby kindergartens. They are the ones who will tell you how well or poorly the children are looked after, whether the kids love their teachers, how the kindergarten is equipped, what toys are there, and many other important details that no one else will tell you.
2. Pay attention to the territory of the kindergarten - how clean it is, whether it is cluttered with garbage, whether the sandboxes and swings are broken. Naturally, there should be a children’s playground on the territory, and the territory itself is fenced, and the gate leading to it is closed - don’t be surprised, but many kids are so inquisitive that they try to escape outside the kindergarten.
3. Get to know the staff, look at the environment in which your child will be. Are there enough toys? Is the room comfortable? Do you like the teacher? Be sure to talk to the doctor who should be in the kindergarten.
4. Find out from the head what program the classes are taught in, the number of children in the group, ask to tell you about the classes and the staff who conduct them.

If the choice of kindergarten is made

Let's say you have already chosen a suitable kindergarten, and this kindergarten is municipal. What documents are required to enroll a child there?

1. Medical card 20 with a note on vaccinations: polio, DTP, mumps, measles, reaction (done no more than a year ago). Tests: blood (general), urine, enterobiasis, eggs (done no more than 10 days ago). Notes from doctors: orthopedist, ENT specialist, ophthalmologist, neurologist, dentist, pediatrician (epicrisis and referral to a health group).
2. Birth certificate.
3. Insurance policy

"There are no seats!"

What to do if you have already collected all the necessary documents, brought them to the head and heard that there are no places in the kindergarten? This is a typical situation at the moment, since most gardens are overcrowded, and even waiting lists are drawn up 1-3 years in advance. In this case, you need to contact the district education department, and they will definitely find you another kindergarten closer to your home, where there are free places.

To avoid this situation, get in line early. This can be done officially - now in every kindergarten there are “Registration Books for Future Pupils”. As soon as the baby is born, you come to the kindergarten you like and enroll the child in this book. The manager will give you a notification of registration and will subsequently inform you when the group will be completed. There are also preferential categories accepted into kindergarten out of turn - these are children from large families, children of the unemployed, children of refugees and migrants, children of student mothers, children of disabled people of groups 1 and 2, children under guardianship, children whose one of their parents is in military service, children of single working parents, children of judges, prosecutors and investigators, children of employees of educational institutions of the Department of Education system, as well as children whose brothers and sisters already attend this kindergarten.

To pay or not to pay?

The development of social skills is an important stage in a child’s life. IN good kindergarten Experienced, qualified teachers help the child develop, and his health is monitored medical worker. But finding a really good kindergarten in our time is very difficult and even more difficult to enroll your child there - the queue of applicants lines up three years in advance. If you are faced with the problem of choosing a good kindergarten for your baby, then here are some tips that will help you.

To begin with, decide which preschool institution you want to send your child to. There are “regular” and general developmental kindergartens, child development centers, and specialized kindergartens. In ordinary kindergartens you will not find swimming pools, saunas, massage rooms and the like. Such services are provided by child development centers. Specialized children's institutions are intended for children with developmental disabilities, hearing or vision impairments. In such institutions there are few children in the group; they are cared for by qualified medical staff.

Also, kindergartens are divided into state (municipal), departmental and private.

IN state kindergarten children are accepted at their place of residence. You need to pay little for such a kindergarten; it is most likely located close to your home. What are the conditions in a state kindergarten? If you remember your childhood and your kindergarten, then you can imagine what a state kindergarten looks like. The number of children in groups is usually 25-30 people. Funding for such institutions is small, so you can’t count on a huge number of toys or a menu of delicacies.

Departmental They are called kindergartens that are run by some enterprise. Typically, such kindergartens are attended by the children of company employees, for whom kindergarten fees are significantly lower than for others. Private preschool institutions organized by individuals or businesses. Private kindergarten fees are usually high, but they add additional subjects or additional services to general education programs.

Regardless of whether the kindergarten is public or private, you should pay attention to the license of this institution. The kindergarten must have permission from the Ministry of Education, permission from the sanitary-epidemiological station. Teachers in a children's institution must also have accreditation from the Ministry of Education, a health book with the necessary marks (by the way, this applies to all kindergarten staff).

So, what should you look for when choosing a kindergarten?

1. Location. A kindergarten that takes more than half an hour to get to by transport is most likely not the best option. Tiring trip to public transport early in the morning or standing in traffic jams for a long time, if you are driving a personal car, your child is unlikely to like it.
2. Staff. Choosing a kindergarten often comes down to choosing the right staff. After all, your child stays with these people for the whole day. Therefore, it is important to take a closer look in advance at how teachers communicate with children and among themselves. Do they allow themselves to be rude, how attentive are they to children? How do they respond to children's complaints and requests? You can find out about the staff of a particular kindergarten by asking the opinions of other mothers who have already sent their children to this kindergarten. In addition, you should take into account how many teachers and their assistants there are in one group. In kindergartens, where the number of children in one group exceeds 20, or even 30, there must be at least two teachers (in the first half of the day - one, in the second - the second) and at least one assistant teacher (nanny).
3. Territory. The territory of the child care facility must be fenced and closed. After all, children are very curious and can run out of the kindergarten territory. To prevent strangers from entering the kindergarten territory, there must be security. Under no circumstances should there be any holes or mounds or debris on the territory of the kindergarten. A children's playground with a sandbox, swings, and ladders is required.
4. Interior decoration. Every kindergarten is required to have a hall for physical education and music classes (two separate halls or a combined one are possible). It is mandatory to have a medical office with a nurse or doctor on duty. A speech therapist's office with one or more qualified specialists is also desirable. Group premises should be clean and spacious. It is important that the rooms for sleeping and studying are separate. Inspect the furniture in the group. Is it child friendly? Is there a danger that the furniture could break at any moment? Are chairs and tables selected according to height? Pay attention to the toys in game room. Are these toys high quality? Are other children playing with them or are they standing there as a distraction? Do these toys develop children's skills: logic, motor skills, memory?
5. Lesson program. The standard lesson program usually includes acquaintance with the outside world, various active, role-playing and didactic games, speech development. In addition, the program also includes classes in mathematics, drawing, modeling, appliqué, design, music, and physical education. Additional subjects, such as learning a foreign language or early learning to read and write, are taught differently in each kindergarten and their choice is individual.

   When you choose a kindergarten, try to attend several classes and observe how they go. Do children understand the teacher? Are their assignments being completed? Does the teacher yell at the children? Does he explain further if someone doesn’t understand?

6. Nutrition. A nutritious and varied diet is the key to your child’s health. It is important that the child does not go hungry in kindergarten, but it is also impossible for him to be force-fed all the time. Find out if the kindergarten offers separate meals for your baby if he is susceptible to allergies. Watch how children eat. Do they eat with appetite? How do teachers treat those children who are capricious or play around? If possible, you should visit the kitchen where food is prepared for children. Is the kitchen hygienic? Is food stored properly? Do cooks follow sanitary rules when preparing food?

Choosing a good kindergarten for your baby is a really difficult task. But do not forget that it is the child who will go to kindergarten, not you. Try to take into account his wishes and preferences when choosing and you will not be mistaken, because children more sensitively feel the attitude of others towards them and will be happy to go to the kindergarten where they will be surrounded by warmth and care.