Patriotism in the physical education of preschool children. Spiritual and patriotic education in physical education classes

Verevkina Olga Vladimirovna,
physical education instructor
GBDOU No. 40 Kirovsky district

IN last years the problem of spiritual and moral education of children preschool age has acquired special significance. This is caused by updating the content of education and upbringing preschool childhood and the need for earlier orientation and creative self-development of the preschooler’s personality. Moral education is one of the most pressing and complex problems that must be solved today by everyone involved with children.

The truth is known: what is inherent in a person remains forever. During childhood, the basic qualities of a person are formed. The feeling of the Motherland... Raising it in a child begins with the attitude towards the family, towards the closest people: mother, father, grandmother, grandfather. These are the roots that connect him with his home and immediate environment. The feeling of the Motherland is also connected with admiration for what the baby sees in front of him, what he is amazed at and what evokes a response in his soul... And although many impressions are not yet deeply realized by him, but, “passed through the child’s heart,” they play a huge role in the formation patriot personality. From infancy, the child hears his native speech. Every nation has its own fairy tales, and they all pass on the main ones from generation to generation. moral values: kindness, friendship, mutual assistance, hard work.

It is especially important to nourish the receptive soul of a child with sublime human values and to arouse interest in the history of Russia. The people of Russia have always defended their fatherland, native land, independence from enemies. Appeal to the paternal heritage fosters respect for the land on which the child lives and pride in it. Every blade of grass, forest or wild flower, gentle rustle of the wind reminds us of our Motherland. We grew up and learned to love our country and respect traditions and national characteristics the peoples who inhabit it. Therefore, children need to know the way of life, everyday life, rituals, beliefs, the history of their ancestors, their culture. Knowledge of the history of one’s people and native culture will help in the future to treat the history and culture of other peoples with great attention, respect and interest. Therefore, the moral and patriotic education of children is one of the main tasks of a preschool educational institution. Of course, this is a very complex and delicate process. A patriot can only be raised by a person who loves his Motherland, who recognizes and respects not only his own rights, but also the rights of others, who does everything so that one can be proud of the Motherland... In this regard, the role and responsibility of the teacher who conducts this painstaking work increases immeasurably.

Education moral feelings in the history of pedagogy, great attention has always been paid. V.G. Belinsky, K.D. Ushinsky, N.A. Dobrolyubov and others believed that raising a child as a citizen of his homeland is inseparable from nurturing in him humane feelings: kindness, justice, the ability to resist lies and cruelty. V.A. Sukhomlinsky believed that from an early age it is important, when cultivating feelings, to teach a child to balance own desires with the interests of others. Anyone who, in the name of his desires, throws aside the laws of conscience and justice will never become a real person and citizen. Moral feelings develop in children in the process of their relationships with adults and peers, i.e. are inextricably linked with developing a child’s self-confidence and social skills. It should be emphasized that the moral and patriotic education of preschool children is most fully realized with an integrated approach to solving this problem, i.e. includes solving problems not only directly moral, but also mental, labor, aesthetic and physical education. Thus, the selection of material and systematization of children’s knowledge should be carried out taking into account the level of mental abilities of preschoolers, the development of their thinking, ability to generalize, analyze, etc.

This work includes a whole range of tasks:

Fostering a child’s love and affection for family, home, kindergarten, street, city;

Formation of a caring attitude towards native nature and all living things;

Fostering respect for people's work;

Developing interest in the traditions of your people;

Expanding ideas about Russia, its capital, getting to know the symbols of the state;

Developing a sense of responsibility and pride for the achievements of the Motherland;

Formation of tolerance, feelings of respect and sympathy for other people, nations, and their traditions;

Instilling self-esteem in a child as a representative of his people.

To be a patriot means to feel like an integral part of the Fatherland. But like any other feeling, patriotism is acquired independently and experienced individually. It is directly related to a person’s spirituality, its depth. Therefore, without being a patriot himself, a teacher will not be able to awaken in a child a feeling of love for the Motherland. It is to awaken, and not to impose, since the basis of patriotism is spiritual self-determination.

Work on patriotic education children is also associated with their physical development, because future citizens of Russia must be healthy, strong, strong, and dexterous. Due to their specificity, sport and physical culture have enormous educational potential, are one of the most powerful mechanisms for the formation of such ideological foundations of the individual as citizenship and patriotism, and are considered as sports and patriotic education.

Sports and patriotic education is a multifaceted, systematic, purposeful and coordinated activity of government bodies, public associations and organizations to form a physically and spiritually developed personality, morally stable, capable of realizing creative potential, possessing a high level of citizenship, patriotism, ready to fulfill constitutional duty. The goal of sports and patriotic education is the development of citizenship and patriotism in children and youth as the most important spiritual, socially significant values of an individual, the development of high performance, the formation of professionally significant qualities, skills and readiness for their active manifestation in various spheres of society.

Behind Lately The view of patriotism as the most important value, integrating not only social, but also spiritual, moral, ideological, military-historical and other components, is becoming increasingly widespread.
However, there are a number of problems that hinder the effective organization of work on the patriotic education of children and youth, namely:
- imperfection legislative framework on civic and patriotic education;
- insufficient equipment of the remaining material and technical base of educational institutions, military-patriotic clubs and associations;
- lack of interest in the media in promoting the patriotic education of children and youth and preparing them for military service;
- the small number of highly professional personnel in public military-patriotic clubs and associations, educational institutions dealing with issues of patriotic education;
- insufficient software methodological support educational process;
- lack of a system for coordinating the activities of interested structures of ministries, departments, scientific and educational institutions, public and religious organizations involved in the civic and patriotic education of children and youth. The formation of moral feelings in children - such as patriotism, is also possible through the organization of specially designed physical education plot activities and outdoor games, thus the close connection of physical education with moral education in the spirit of patriotism.
To achieve positive results in the formation of personality through the motor sphere of the child, teachers preschool institutions You need to set yourself the following tasks:
1. Promote the manifestation of reasonable courage, determination, self-confidence through selection physical exercise, appropriate for age and individual characteristics children.
2. Create conditions for performing physical exercises aimed at overcoming physical difficulties. Develop patience and endurance in children.
3. Create conditions for the manifestation of positive emotions. To develop patriotic feelings in preschool children, you can use “war” games, story lessons from the "Scouts" series. These events deepen sympathy for soldiers and evoke a desire to imitate them, to be strong-willed, hardy, courageous, persistent, and always ready to help a comrade.
This form of conducting classes helps to instill responsibility, the desire to complete a task not only quickly, but also correctly, so as not to let your comrades down. Strong-willed qualities are formed: endurance, courage, dexterity, i.e. those qualities that are necessary for future defenders of the Motherland.
Such activities and leisure activities must take place with the mandatory participation of parents. When adults demonstrate their ability to run, jump, and compete in front of children, this is instructive for everyone, and especially for children, as it creates a certain emotional mood, gives great joy from mutual communication, and develops a sense of pride in the successes of their parents, which is an important factor. in the formation of patriotic feelings.

The formation of patriotic feelings in preschool children is carried out in the process of using various forms and methods of working with them: in physical education classes, during outdoor games, relay races, sports tournaments and leisure activities. The greatest educational effect is exerted by sports holidays and entertainment. This form of work allows you to consolidate and generalize the knowledge and skills of children within a certain topic, to unite children of different ages common feelings and experiences.

Joint sports holidays are interesting: “Family Day”, “Fast, dexterous, brave”, “We will serve in the Army!”, “I serve the Fatherland!” etc. Qualities such as strength and dexterity, necessary for future defenders of the Motherland, are best developed in sports games with military-patriotic content. Children have a desire to learn how to throw at a target, jump, ski, camouflage, and pitch tents. The goal is to enrich the experience of socially significant activities of adults and children, to involve preschool children in the work of reviving and preserving cultural, spiritual and moral values.

Work with children in physical education and health is carried out systematically and consistently, in accordance with the annual and long-term work plan for the school year.

Patriotic education of schoolchildren should become the unifying force that can raise a generation of true patriots who love their Motherland not in words, but in deeds. Patriotism is intended to give a new impetus to the spiritual healing of the people; the generation that will put Russia on a pedestal will be able to increase national wealth and improve the standard of living. Therefore, working with children in the field of developing patriotism is an urgent task at the present time.

To summarize, I would like to say that civic-patriotic education has occupied and will occupy a central place in my educational system. And thanks to the variety of forms and methods of work, we - teachers - have unique opportunity influence the formation of future citizens and patriots of Russia.

Bibliography

1. Kozlov A.A. The attitude of public consciousness to the problem of education. St. Petersburg State University, 2000.

2. Likhachev B.T. Pedagogy. M., 1992.

3. National doctrine of education in Russian Federation: Materials of the All-Russian Conference of Education Workers. - M.: Higher School, 2000, p. 34-49.

4. Program for the development of education in the Russian education system for 1999 - 2001.

5. Federal Law of April 29, 1999 No. 80-FZ “On Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation”.

6. Website rusbiathlon.ru “Physical education and patriotic education”

7. Website http://nsportal.ru “Patriotic education of preschool children by means physical culture».

8. Kovaleva G.A. "Raising a little citizen." Moscow. 2004

9.Ed. Kondrykinskaya L. A. “To preschoolers and defenders of the fatherland” Moscow, 2005.

10.Under. ed. Kondrykinskaya L. A. “Where the Motherland Begins” Moscow, 2003

11.S. A. Kozlova “Theory and methodology of introducing preschoolers to social reality” Moscow, 1998.

12. “Moral and patriotic education of children of senior preschool age: A manual for the implementation of the state program “Patriot education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2001-2005”

The essence of patriotism lies in the combination of many moral feelings, a set of certain behavioral traits. The educational influence on youth today includes a large number of social and political institutions. These include the family and the state, various educational institutions, as well as religious and political organizations.

The task of sports and patriotic education is formation in young people of such physical and spiritual qualities that will allow them to be morally stable, ready to defend the Fatherland and fulfill their constitutional duty. For this you need:

Coordination, improvement pedagogical activity at all levels, development of plans, recommendations based on best practices famous teachers.
The development of patriotic feelings among schoolchildren and students, which occurs in the process of becoming familiar with the historical traditions, military, and sports victories of the country.
Formation during physical education of a strong-willed, healthy generation with developed intellectual qualities that allow them to serve society both in peacetime and in difficult times of war.

Relevance of sports and patriotic education

The fate of schoolchildren and students has long worried Russian society due to the following negative phenomena:

a noticeable decline in education, lack of desire among the younger generation to improve their cultural level;
general moral degradation, including among young people, criminalization of consciousness, lowering the threshold of acceptable behavior;
“progress” of drug addiction, alcoholism, loss of control and management by society over this process, the logical consequence is the irreversible destruction of the gene pool;
an increasingly evident generation gap on ideological and moral issues.

The result is the marginalization of a large part of young people, they cease to correspond to the development trends of society, their role as a leading group, a strategic reserve, is lost.

The history of the peoples of Russia suggests that we need to fight for the future. Current investments in the educational process and the fight for the health of the younger generation are the key to the stability of the future society. Ignorants, parasites, drug addicts will destroy everything that has been built over the lives of many generations.

Strategy of pedagogical activity. Tasks of social and political institutions

In light of the problems that have emerged to date, it becomes clear that the restoration of the educational system related to physical culture and sports for the state and society is one of the most important problems. The education system is a determining force that is able to resist the advancing destructive tendencies. To solve the most acute problems Russia needs a healthy and properly educated generation.

It is not possible to restore the system of education that we all now remember with nostalgia. Simple is not enough for this willpower. The old project was created to meet different requirements, had obvious and hidden goals that differed from modern ones, and was a derivative of the ideological system that was destroyed.

Modern Government program patriotic education of young citizens does not have a conceptual basis. The family, the media, government and political bodies do not have clear developments; each one “sings” about his own. Those teams that are engaged in methodological research and organizing events on patriotic themes have not developed a concept, therefore, there is no system.

Activities related to sports and patriotic education are multifaceted; they are coordinated by state and public structures. In any state, patriots should constitute a socially active majority of the population, having clear value orientations, positive life plans.

The Coordination Council, which deals with issues of sports and patriotic education, is faced with the task of developing a concept for the education of children and youth. To regulate the relationship between educators and students, a law is needed that will regulate the conduct of educational activities, license non-governmental organizations, entrepreneurs providing services to the population in the field of physical education and sports.

The role of historical memory in the education of patriotic feelings

Today's schoolchildren and even students studying at humanities faculties often do not correlate dry facts with the historical dates noted in textbooks. Sports and patriotic education is ineffective in some regions, and completely absent in others. Rare centers of patriotic education operate in this direction, the staff of which is formed by a few enthusiasts from among history buffs and former military personnel.

The main vectors of work of teaching teams should be introducing children to military and labor traditions, familiarizing them with the Russian and Soviet armies, and interpreting the essence of the concepts of heroism and selflessness. Schoolchildren and students need to be instilled with pride in previous generations of defenders and heroes and a desire to imitate them.

The development of behavioral norms in children is directly related to labor and physical training, which should lead young people to perform public and military service.

“It is impossible to raise a courageous person if you do not put him in such conditions where he could show courage - no matter what: in restraint, in a direct open word, in some deprivation, in tolerance, in courage,” noted A.S. . Makarenko. True patriotism is born on the basis of the knowledge and feelings of an individual who has his own will and a strong psyche. Proper physical development will help develop high morality.

Physical exercises as a means of sports and patriotic education

The functions of the child’s body, the correct mental and mental development of adolescents are formed with the help of any of the groups of physical exercises:

games;
gymnastics;
tourism activities;
any of the sports.

Each type of activity is associated with various physical exercises, which, along with the healing forces of nature and many hygienic factors, help achieve the basic

The passion of the younger generation for sports, as opposed to beer and smoking, is the main concern of parents and teachers. Achievements in large arenas grow out of school sports, where in a physical education lesson the teacher will give the basics of movement techniques, in practice explain the concepts of speed, acceleration, talk about postures, body positions, and subject each child to physical activity adequate for his age and gender.

For non-professional athletes, external comfortable conditions are important for their desire to exercise: a certain temperature, air humidity, sanitary conditions of the room. The teacher must take into account the condition of those who come to class: how tired they are, whether the training environment scares them, or any of the equipment. Loads are measured and should not be harmful to health.

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It is important, especially for younger ones, that classes take place in game form, there was a competitive spirit at them, so that the teacher, in addition to instructions and commands, used explanations, conversations, and himself demonstrated the correct execution of the exercises.

In the general education system, sports and patriotism is becoming one of the most important. That is why information policy and methodological support are so important. The structures responsible for the education of young people should pay attention to personnel policy and the development of the regulatory framework related to the orbit of physical culture and sports.

Tatyana Orunova
Video report “Patriotic education of preschool children through physical education”

Patriotic education of preschool children through physical education

Problem patriotic education children and youth is becoming one of the most relevant. At the same time, it acquires new characteristics and, accordingly, new approaches to solving it as an integral part of an integral process social adaptation, life definition and personality development.

Recently, the view of patriotism as the most important value, integrating not only social, but also spiritual, moral, ideological, military-historical and other components.

Patriotic education of preschool children according to Federal State Educational Standards it means education of a physically healthy person. In solving this problem, the subject “ Physical Culture". That's why physical development is an integral part educational process.

Target education of patriotism in children, this is the formation of their need to do good deeds and deeds, a sense of belonging to the environment and the development of such qualities as compassion, empathy, resourcefulness, and curiosity.

The formation of these values occurs as a result of purposeful, systematic work with the child.

To achieve positive results in personality formation through the motor sphere preschooler, the following are supplied tasks:

Provide comprehensive physical readiness of each child.

Help to acquire a stock of strong skills and motor skills that a person needs throughout his life

Create conditions for the manifestation of positive emotions and interest in physical education.

In solving problems, Physical Culture can contribute, because the formation physical qualities, motor skills and abilities are closely related to education of patriotism and a sense of pride in one’s country and region. Formation patriotic feelings of preschool children age is carried out in the process of using various forms and methods of working with them: in classes on physical culture, during outdoor games, relay races, sports events and leisure activities. Largest educational sports events and entertainment have an effect. This form of work allows you to consolidate and generalize the knowledge and skills of children within a certain topic.

In our kindergarten such events took place How:

“Flash mob, congratulations to dads on February 23” where are the girls and boys preparatory groups congratulated their dads on their holiday. A paramilitary sports relay race was held with the participation of parents.

As part of events dedicated to the 72nd anniversary of Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War, in our kindergarten there was a song and formation review, in which children took part senior group. The event was aimed at education of the foundations of patriotic self-awareness, love for the Motherland and respect for the defenders of the Fatherland. Preparations for the parade were thorough, educators We learned songs with the children, the parents bought St. George ribbons. At the event, the girls and boys looked fit, like soldiers. And so everyone gathered in music hall, guests came - representatives of the Kolpashevo Cadet Corps, who demonstrated to the children their drill skills and exercises with weapons. The parade and song program was saturated: formation, submission of a report, turns on the spot, formation in two ranks, marching on the spot, marching in motion, singing a military song. The guys, dressed in full dress uniform, entered the hall in a solemn march. All teams performed more than worthy. Each detachment showed the ability to harmoniously carry out commands, march in step, and also perform drill songs. Each of the review participants was eager to look like a brave soldier and win. The jury observed the skills pupils and came to the conclusion that a worthy replacement is growing in the kindergarten, and the borders of our Motherland will be reliably protected.

On August 22, a quest - the game "In Search of the Russian Flag" - took place. The girls and boys of the senior groups prepared very carefully for such an event. (camouflage uniform, war paint.) It all started with a general alarm; the troops ran out into a general formation. The commander-in-chief announced the theft of the Russian flag from the kindergarten building. Before preschoolers The task was “Get to the place and find the flag.” An important condition was the interaction of participants in the team. But the kidnappers tried to interfere with the search and prepared various tests. The guys, with their courage, dexterity, mutual assistance and friendly relations were at their best. They found and returned the Russian flag to our kindergarten!

These events deepen sympathy for soldiers and evoke a desire to imitate them, to be strong-willed, hardy, courageous, persistent, and always ready to help a comrade. This form of training facilitates education of responsibility, the desire to complete a task not only quickly, but also correctly, so as not to let your comrades down. Strong-willed quality: endurance, courage, dexterity, i.e. those qualities that are necessary for future defenders of the Motherland. It is necessary to take into account children's interest in the army. At first they are attracted by the colorfulness military uniform, dynamics of military rituals. From external moments, he leads children to an understanding of more essential things - patriotism of soldiers, their readiness to defend their homeland. This is achieved by holding conversations, competitions, holidays, and games. Children learn that our community stands guard over the world.

Thus, targeted work on patriotic education through physical culture and sports, will ensure the formation patriotic feelings among students. The most important condition efficiency of work on instilling patriotism in preschoolers is the parents' understanding of the need patriotic education, their assistance to teachers in this work. As a result, we recall that the base patriotic education is moral, aesthetic, labor, mental upbringing little man . In the process of such a versatile education the foundation is being born on which a more complex formation will grow - a feeling of love for one’s Fatherland.

Publications on the topic:

Moral and patriotic education of children through Russian folk culture Slide 1 MUNICIPAL STATE PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION KINDERGARTEN “TEREMOK” “Moral and patriotic education of children.

Spiritual and moral education of children using folk culture Spiritual and moral education of children by means folk culture Spiritual and moral education of children using folk and Orthodox means.

In our preschool educational institution there is a museum “Rodnichok” and for several years now the art studio has been organizing an exhibition for Victory Day. Visit.

Consultation for parents “Patriotic education of preschool children is an integral part of the general culture of the state” Municipal preschool educational institution"Kindergarten No. 170 of a general developmental type" of the city of Magnitogorsk Ekimova Elena Vyacheslavovna,.

Consultation “Patriotic education of preschool children through the use of fine arts” Consultation on the topic: “Patriotic education of preschool children using visual arts"Patriotic education.

Patriotic education of preschool children by means of physical education in the context of the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard The implementation of the tasks of patriotic education of children is possible through all types of activities of preschoolers. Physical development was no exception.

Presentation “Patriotic education of children through the use of fine arts” Presentation: "Patriotic education of children through the use of fine arts." The topic of the presentation was not chosen by chance. Patriotic.

Patriotic education of children through the use of fine arts Patriotic education of children through the means of fine art Contents 1. Goals and objectives 2. The concept of patriotism 3. Topics of classes.

Position: teacher

Educational institution: GBDOU No. 102 Nevsky district St. Petersburg

Locality: St. Petersburg

Name of material: Poster presentation

Topic: Patriotic education of preschool children through physical education

Description:

Link to publication:

http://site/doshkolnoe/index?nomer_publ=1565

Published 11/15/2015

Text part of the publication

Patriotic

upbringing

preschoolers

means

physical culture
In recent years, the problem of spiritual and moral education of preschool children has acquired particular significance. And this is caused by updating the content of education and upbringing of preschoolers. Patriotic education is one of the most pressing and complex problems that must be solved today by everyone involved with children. What we put into the child’s soul now will manifest itself later and become his life and ours too. One of effective means The solution to the problems of moral and patriotic education of the younger generation is physical education and sports. Physical education and sports are one of the most effective means of preventing diseases, promoting health and maintaining high human performance. Physical education and sports should receive particular importance and relevance at the present time, when state programs for their development have been adopted. In addition, in 2010, the state program “Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2010-2015” was approved, which should contribute more to the promotion of physical education and sports than others. After all, one of the most important areas of military-patriotic education is the physical education of the younger generation. Therefore, regular classes on physical training They allow you not only to master the motor skills necessary for professional activities and develop physical qualities, but also to strengthen your character and prepare yourself for the defense of the Motherland. The formation of patriotic feelings in preschool children is carried out in the process of using various forms and methods of working with them: in physical education classes, in the process of outdoor games, relay races, sports leisure.
Musical and sports festival “VICTORY DAY”
 preserve and strengthen children's health;  create the need for physical activity; consolidate basic types of movements;  develop motor skills and form physical qualities;  to develop the skills of proper breathing, emotional-volitional sphere and gaming activity;  introduce children to Victory Day;  develop skills of kindness, a sense of love for people, as well as respect for elders.
The purpose of patriotic education of preschool children

Instill love for the Fatherland and pride in its culture.
Tasks:
1. Formation of a civic-patriotic attitude and a sense of belonging: - to the family, city, country; - to the nature of the native land; - to the cultural heritage of their people. 2. Instilling self-esteem in a child as a representative of his people; 3. Fostering a tolerant attitude towards representatives of other nationalities; 4. Fostering patriotism and a sense of pride in one’s country.
Musical and sports festival “CITY DAY”
 Creating a joyful mood, emotional responsiveness, nurturing patriotism.  Consolidate knowledge about the history of the construction of the city  Activate the names of the city's attractions in children's speech  Develop emotional responsiveness  Cultivate a sense of pride and respect for their hometown.
Sports festival “We will serve in the Army!”
 Expand children's understanding of the national holiday.  Develop physical and volitional qualities in sports games, competitions and relay races, develop creative motor activity, and the ability to consciously control the body and movements.  Involve children and their parents in physical education and sports.  Foster love for the Motherland.
Formation of patriotic feelings through physical education classes

Preschool childhood is the period of initial socialization of the child; it is the child’s introduction to the world of culture and universal values. The formation of moral feelings in children, such as patriotism, is also possible through the organization of specially designed physical education plot activities and outdoor games, thus the close connection of physical education with moral education, with education in the spirit of patriotism, is obvious. In order to achieve positive results in the formation of personality through the motor sphere of a child, teachers of preschool institutions need to set themselves the following tasks: 1. Promote the manifestation of reasonable courage, determination, and self-confidence through the selection of physical exercises that correspond to the age and individual characteristics of children. 2. Create conditions for performing physical exercises aimed at overcoming physical difficulties. Develop patience and endurance in children. 3. Create conditions for the manifestation of positive emotions. To develop patriotic feelings in preschool children, you can use “military” games and story-based activities from the “Scouts” series. These events deepen sympathy for soldiers and evoke a desire to imitate them, to be strong-willed, hardy, courageous, persistent, and always ready to help a comrade. This form of conducting classes helps to instill responsibility, the desire to complete a task not only quickly, but also correctly, so as not to let your comrades down. Strong-willed qualities are formed: endurance, courage, dexterity, i.e. those qualities that are necessary for future defenders of the Motherland. Such activities and leisure activities must take place with the mandatory participation of parents. When adults demonstrate their ability to run, jump, and compete in front of children, this is instructive for everyone, and especially for children, as it creates a certain emotional mood, gives great joy from mutual communication, and develops a sense of pride in the successes of their parents, which is an important factor. in the formation of patriotic feelings. It is necessary to instill in children patriotism, humanism towards all living things, and moral qualities from early childhood. In other words, you need to educate a future citizen of your country. Physically developed person, strong, strong, healthy must be kind, tolerant, must be able to come to the aid of those who need it, and direct their skills and strength only to good deeds. Our preschool educational institution has developed a system of work in this area of development of preschoolers. The formation of patriotic feelings in preschool children is carried out in the process of using various forms and methods of working with them: in physical education classes, in the process of outdoor games, relay races, sports tournaments and leisure activities. Sports events and entertainment have the greatest educational effect. This form of work allows you to consolidate and generalize the knowledge and skills of children within the framework of a certain topic, to unite children of different ages with common feelings and experiences. Work with children in physical education and health is carried out systematically and consistently, in accordance with the annual and long-term work plan for the school year. They reflect such events as:  Sports leisure “Fun Starts”  Health Week “Let's be strong, fast, dexterous!”  Sports leisure “We will serve in the Army!”  Maslenitsa festivities “Maslenitsa”  Thematic leisure activities “Victory Day”.  Sports activities “Salute, Olympics!”  Sports leisure “Traveling with play” The above holidays and entertainment are traditional in kindergarten. Children, parents, and teachers take part in their preparation. The tasks of nurturing the spiritual and moral qualities of the personality of preschoolers by means of physical education can be conditionally divided into several groups according to their focus: 1. The child’s sense of the Motherland begins with the attitude towards the family, towards the immediate environment - kindergarten. Promotes spiritual unity of children and parents, children and educators
annual “Health Week” - sporting events between children. In the process of organizing leisure sports and sports relay races, not only the physical, but also the moral and volitional qualities of the child’s personality are improved, as well as friendly relationships with peers, team spirit, and a sense of collectivism. Preschoolers are introduced to the culture and traditions of the Russian people through daily physical education classes. 2. Children enjoy playing games. None mass event A preschool educational institution cannot do without outdoor games. In this way, the tasks of not only the physical culture and health cycle are solved, but also the tasks of developing tolerance, a sense of respect and interest in the national traditions of the Russian people. A separate area of spiritual and moral education of the younger generation in our preschool educational institution is military-patriotic education. Work in this area can be represented as integration various types children's activities. The central, core moment is the holiday dedicated to the Day of Military Glory and which has the greatest impact on the education of patriotic feelings in children. In the process of preparing for the holiday dedicated to Defender of the Fatherland Day, the parade in honor of Victory Day at physical education classes Special attention is devoted to drill training of children for military marches. Thus, thanks to working together a graduate model is being formed - a healthy, physically developed personality with an active civic position, possessing socially valuable moral qualities and the needs for a healthy lifestyle with developed creative potential and the ability for self-development.
Sports leisure “TRAVEL WITH GAME”
 To form a creatively developed, active personality, combining spiritual wealth, moral purity and physical perfection.  To introduce to the origins of gaming folklore.  Provide children with the opportunity to discharge negative emotions and static behavior of the child, as well as contribute to the improvement of his body.  Promote the unity of children in a team, as well as the opportunity to open up to all children: those who are closed will become more relaxed, and those who are very sociable will receive a wide field for the realization of their abilities and capabilities.  To form a stable, interested and respectful attitude towards the culture of the native country, to create an emotionally positive basis for the development of patriotic feelings: love and devotion to the Motherland.  Development of physical (dexterity, speed of reaction, coordination ability) and mental (will, determination, self-control) qualities; improvement of the motor apparatus.  To cultivate a tolerant attitude towards different peoples, through knowledge of folklore through folk games.
Sports festival “Salute, Olympics!”
 consolidate children's knowledge about the symbols and rituals of the Olympic Games;
 accustom to the observance of this word (oath);  promote physical development children, their strength, speed, dexterity;  develop endurance, endurance, imagination, horizons;  strengthen the relationship between adults and children;  unite children and employees;  introduce adults to healthy image life;  cultivate competitive qualities, a sense of mutual assistance and support.
Sports festival “FUN STARTS”
 Promote improvement motor qualities acquired in physical education classes.  Promote the development of team spirit, mutual assistance, mutual support.  Contribute to meeting the needs of preschoolers for physical activity.
Maslenitsa festivities "Maslenitsa"
 promote psychological rapprochement between children and parents, the development of positive emotions, a sense of mutual assistance;
 develop endurance, endurance, imagination, horizons;  cultivate competitive qualities, feelings of mutual assistance and support;  ensure high physical activity of children.
Sports activities "HEALTH WEEKS"
 to form the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschool children;  achieve conscious implementation of health rules and a responsible attitude towards both your own health and the health of others;  induce an emotionally positive attitude towards outdoor games, sports exercises, and sports.

1. Patriotic education of preschool children through physical education

A child’s sense of homeland begins with love for the closest people - father, mother, grandmother, grandfather. And his home, the yard where he walked more than once, and the view from the windows of the apartments and kindergarten, where he gets the joy of communicating with his peers, and his native nature - all this is the Motherland. How many discoveries does a child make every day? And although many of his impressions are not yet realized by him, it all begins with admiration for what the little man sees in front of him.

The goal of instilling patriotism in children is to develop their need to do good deeds and deeds, a sense of belonging to the environment and curiosity. The formation of these values occurs as a result of purposeful, systematic work with the child.

Drawing a parallel with our time, it is worth remembering that “love for native land, native culture, native speech It starts small - with love for your family, for your home, for your kindergarten. Gradually expanding, this love turns into love for the native country, for its history, past and present, for all humanity.” This is what Academician D.S. Likhachev wrote.

One of the effective means of solving the problems of moral and patriotic education of the younger generation, in our opinion, is physical education and sports. Physical culture can contribute to solving this problem, because the formation of physical qualities, motor skills and abilities is closely related to the development of moral and volitional personality traits. A physically developed person, strong, strong, healthy, must be kind, tolerant, must be able to come to the aid of those who need it and direct his skills and strength only to good deeds. education patriotism preschooler physical

In our opinion, the essence of patriotic education is to sow and cultivate in a child’s soul the seeds of love for home and family, for the history and culture of the country, created by the labors of relatives and friends, those who are called compatriots. Our kindergarten has developed a system of work in this area of development of preschoolers. The formation of patriotic feelings is carried out in the process of using various forms and methods of work. In physical education classes, during outdoor games, relay races, sports tournaments and leisure activities. Sports events and competitions have the greatest educational effect. This form of work allows you to consolidate and generalize the knowledge and skills of children within the framework of a certain topic, to unite children of different ages with common feelings and experiences.

Our kindergarten works closely with the sports school and the Institute of Physical Education to create a healthy environment and an effective system of continuous physical education “kindergarten-school-university”. Purposeful work is being carried out jointly with the Churapcha Republican Sports School to implement the “Champion of Your Destiny” program, which was developed based on the ideas and positions of the honored coach D.P. Korkina. An outstanding coach and teacher - a devotee, the founder of the Churapcha school of wrestling, who was convinced that one can achieve true sporting heights only by first becoming the master of oneself, that is, the “champion of one’s destiny.” And since our microdistrict in which we live is famous sporting achievements, lays the preconditions for the emergence and development of a patriotic feeling, a sense of pride, cohesion, respect and love for elders, culture, and history of the native village.

A child's sense of homeland begins with his relationship to his family, to his immediate environment - kindergarten. The spiritual unity of children and parents, children and educators is facilitated by the annual holding of various events: the Spartakiad of pupils of the ulus preschool educational institution, the military-patriotic competition “Mokhso?ol” among the pupils of the ulus preschool educational institution, the intra-garden competitions “Walan k?rekh” for boys, “Mom, Dad and I am a sports family”, “Small Olympic Games”, formation review and songs for Victory Day, sports entertainment“Games of Ancestors”, “Unity of the People”, passing GPP standards, competitions for national holiday“Y?yah.” The tasks assigned to the teaching staff of the preschool educational institution for the patriotic education of preschoolers through the means of physical education, according to their focus, can be divided into several groups:

1. Competitions are an important factor in the development of personality, strong-willed qualities, strengthening and tempering of character. Through competition, the child forms his own idea of his capabilities, learns to take risks, asserts himself, and gains confidence in his abilities. A value attitude towards other children and towards joint activities, responsibility for overall results. Our pupils have high level physical fitness, and every year they take prizes. Traditionally, every year we hold the ulus sports festival “Dyuluur”, where children compete in various types of athletics: 60 m running, 200 m running, standing jumping, jumping rope, distance bag throwing and a 30 m counter relay race. Children spend the whole year preparing for competitions, setting their records, becoming champions for the first time, gaining experience in participating in competitions, thereby increasing interest in physical education.
2. In our work, we pay special attention to our Yakut national games to improve the emotional background and maintain interest in classes. Competition games, which strengthen health and develop physical strength and thinking, introduce the younger generation to spiritual and cultural values. For all age groups The kindergarten hosts the “Walan k?rekh” competition for boys, sports entertainment “Games of Ancestors”, and competitions in national sports during the “Y?yah” holiday. Not a single public event in a preschool educational institution is complete without outdoor games: “Republic Day”, “Health Day”, “Let’s play games of the peoples of the world”. Children enjoy playing games of different nations. In this way, the tasks of not only the physical culture and health cycle are solved, but also the tasks of developing tolerance, a sense of respect and interest in the national traditions of the peoples inhabiting Russia.
3. A separate area is military-patriotic education. Work in this area can be represented as an integration of various types of children's activities. The central, core moment is the holiday dedicated to the Day of Military Glory and which has the greatest impact on the education of patriotic feelings in children. The formation and song review is a major event, traditionally held in preschool educational institutions for a number of years with the aim of introducing the younger generation to patriotic values and forming children's ideas about military service. In the process of preparing for the review of songs and formations dedicated to Victory Day in physical education classes, special attention is paid to drill training to military songs. With the aim of instilling in children the desire to be like soldiers through participation in relay races, games with elements of competition, where they improve their running, agility, eye, develop endurance and ingenuity, cultivate organization, and the spirit of competition.

On Defender of the Fatherland Day, children of preparatory groups take part in the regional military-patriotic game “Mokhso5ol”. The military sports game “Mohso5ol” has been held for several years now. The event takes place in a solemn atmosphere, in a colorfully decorated hall. Competition program: Formation and song review and military sports game, relay race. Competition criteria - precise execution of drills and commands, songs, submission of the team commander’s report, the commander’s team is evaluated separately, uniform uniform and high physical activity. The efforts of the children are assessed by a competent jury - representatives of the military registration and enlistment office and the education department. The children's acquired knowledge and skills are used to celebrate Victory Day.

Every year in the Churapcha Republican sports school There is a review of formations and songs dedicated to the Day of Defenders of the Fatherland, as a revival of the tradition of holding military sports games among schoolchildren, where the whole class performs before a representative commission. The preschoolers looked with admiration at the performance of the older children, their agility and strength.

Motherland, Fatherland... In the roots of these words there are images close to everyone: mother and father, parents, those who give life to a new being. The feeling of love for the Motherland is akin to the feeling of love for one’s home. These feelings are united by a single basis - affection and a sense of security.

We hope that through joint activities, a graduate model is formed - a patriot, a physically developed person with an active civic position, possessing socially valuable moral qualities and the need for a healthy lifestyle with developed creative potential and the ability for self-development.

Bibliography

1. Preschool education № 11, 2008
2. Poltavtseva N.V., Stozharova M.Yu.,… Introducing preschool children to a healthy lifestyle. - m.; Sphere shopping center, 2012. - 128 p.
3. Moral education in kindergarten / V.I. Petrova, T.D. Stulnik - M.: Mosaic-synthesis, 2008.
4. Healthy preschooler: Social and health technology of the XXI century / Author-comp. Yu.E. Antonov, M.N. Kuznetsova, T.F. Saulina. -- M., 2000.

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