SECTIONS

1. MAIN GOALS OF WORK DURING THE YEAR

AGE FEATURES OF A CHILD 3-4 YEARS OLD

• how to ensure psychological comfort in Group

2. PSYCHOLOGICAL PORTRAIT OF A 3-4 YEAR OLD CHILD:

• what we have become
• basic mental processes

3. FEATURES OF SOCIALIZATION OF A CHILD 3 – 4 YEARS OLD:

• crisis 3 years "I myself"
• development of activities
• child among peers
• good customs
• we are helpers and protectors
• main methodological approaches in creating motivation for activity
• 1 type of motivation
• 2nd type of motivation
• 3 type of motivation
• result evaluation

1. PLANNING WORK ON COMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT

4. SAMPLE PLANNING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION AND SPEECH SKILLS DURING THE DAY:

• 1st half of the day
• 2nd half of the day

5. APPROXIMATE ANNUAL PLANNING

6. RESULTS OF THE YEAR

2. CREATING CONDITIONS FOR A STORY GAME

3. ROUGH PLANNING FOR ORGANIZING STORY GAMES

3. PLANNING THE WORK TO INCLUDE READING

1. THE BEAUTY OF LIFE IN FINE ART

2. CREATION OF CONDITIONS FOR AESTHETIC PERCEPTION

3. FINE ARTS

2. MUSIC IN A CHILD’S DAILY LIFE

3. MUSICAL CLASSES

4. PROGRAM FOR LISTENING TO MUSIC AND DEVELOPING AUDITORY PERCEPTION:

SILENCE AND SOUND:

• 1 topic "visiting Aunt Tishina"
• 2 theme "sounding world, dissonance of objects and living beings"
• 3 theme "sounding world: city, village, forest
• 4 topic "human voice"
• 5 topic "silence and sound" (final lesson on the topic)
• 6 theme "the path to the kingdom of music"
• 7 theme "sister Melody and brother Rhythm"
• 8 theme "conductor's magic wand"

• 9 theme "the secret of the old master" (violin)
• Topic 10: “What did the cello talk about”
• 11 theme "Roland's horn (trumpet)"
• 12 topic "Whose voice is the loudest (drum)"
• 13 theme "magic pipe (flute)"
• 14 theme "voice from heaven (bell)"
• 15 topic "legend of the harp"
• 16 theme "crystal sounds (musical triangle, bells)"
• 17 theme "piano is the king of instruments"
• 18 theme "musical house (organ)"
• 19 theme "orchestra"

Rainbow program

"Rainbow" is the only Russian integrated Government program for preschool educational institutions, which passed a full experimental test in 10 regions of Russia for 6 years and an independent examination by the commission of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. Based on the results of the examination, "Rainbow" was recommended for mass implementation. In "Rainbow" for the first time, the tasks were set not only for the timely and full mental development of each child, but also for his emotional well-being.

"Rainbow" is a comprehensive program for the upbringing, education and development of preschool children, according to which kindergartens in Russia operate. The program ensures the comprehensive development of the child; its most important components are play and physical development, formation of habit to healthy image life, ensuring mental comfort for every child.

The program is recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science Russian Federation. For all main types of activities of preschoolers, sets of manuals are provided for children of various age groups and recommendations for educators.

For classes in this program, sets of manuals for preschoolers have been created for all types of activities and guidelines for educators.

Main goals of the program:

providing the child with the opportunity to live a joyful and meaningful life preschool years;

ensuring the protection and strengthening of his health (both physical and mental);

comprehensive and timely mental development;

formation of an active and careful and respectful attitude towards the surrounding world;

familiarization with the main spheres of human culture (work, knowledge, art, morality).

Red color- Physical Culture: during the classes, habits are formed to protect one’s health, to cleanliness, neatness, order, cultural and hygienic skills and elements of self-control during movements, skills are developed correct behavior in situations that threaten life and health, and preventing them;

orange color - game: game is considered the leading activity of work; it allows you to provide psychological comfort and create an atmosphere of emotional warmth. security, relieve excessive organization and neuroticism in children. It allows a feeling of sympathy and interest in the playing partner to arise;

yellow color - visual activity and manual labor:- education visual arts and artistic work occurs through children’s acquaintance with examples of folk and decorative arts (works of Khokhloma, Gzhel, Dymkovo toy and etc.). Children are taught to draw with pencils and paints, sculpt based on familiarity with folk sculpture;

green color - design: makes it possible to develop imagination, imagination and mentally educate the baby; children learn to build from building materials, develop constructive prerequisites, and become involved in the process of creativity in design;

blue color - musical and plastic arts classes: they allow you to develop aesthetic experiences, form an interest in music, develop the child’s musical and sensory abilities, the ability to move to the beat, spatial coordination;

blue color - classes on speech development and familiarization with the environment: learning native and foreign languages ​​occurs through familiarization with works of folk art and fiction;

purple- mathematics: learning mathematics takes place in an atmosphere of goodwill, support for the child, even if he has made a mistake, and the desire to express his opinion is encouraged; children not only learn mathematics, but also master skills educational activities: determine the task, the direction of the search, evaluate the results.

The comprehensive program of upbringing, education and development of preschool children "Rainbow", created by the team of authors of the Institute's laboratory general education under the guidance of Professor T.N. Doronova is over 10 years old.

The authors managed to create pedagogical system which allows the teacher to feel free and creative person and encourages an attentive attitude towards each growing baby. In "Rainbow" the task of creating in kindergarten an atmosphere of psychological comfort for children, conditions for a joyful and meaningful life for them preschool childhood, for the first time a system of personality-oriented education and development of children was proposed.

The program, focused on universal, humanistic values, provides for filling the work with certain content, taking into account regional characteristics. First of all, this concerns the physical development, health of preschool children, as well as their introduction to the national culture.

The work of a teacher consists of three equally necessary components:

implementation of the general tasks of mental development set in the program,

implementation regional component upbringing and education.

the goals of a particular educational institution and the interests of each child in the group and his parents.

The problem of preparing children for school is solved in a comprehensive manner in the program.

It includes:

development of communication skills,

development of self-care skills,

familiarization with the basics of life safety,

development of children's speech, the ability to voluntarily control the processes of attention and memory, the ability to manage their behavior in accordance with accepted rules, as well as special training, implemented in classes on the formation of elementary mathematical concepts and the development of principles logical thinking children, initial introduction to letters, language development and cognitive development.

The work process is not limited to classes and is carried out in different forms depending on the age of the children. Methods of conducting classes on different types activities are structured in such a way that the program task can be implemented on different materials, varied by the teacher depending on and in accordance with the desires and interests of specific children. The idea that children have their inalienable rights has been introduced into the program of work in preschool institutions. The teacher’s task is to ensure that the rights of each child are respected by all other children and adults.

All of the above allowed the Rainbow program to become widespread in preschool institutions, she was appreciated by both parents and educators.

The socio-economic changes taking place in recent years have influenced the development and improvement of the education system. In preschool education, there is a clear tendency to introduce variable programs into the practical activities of preschool institutions. And although most of the most famous and widespread programs are comprehensive, we can nevertheless note that the tasks and conditions of speech development are not presented equally in them.

Let us consider to what extent modern programs for preschool educational institutions, the basic requirements and criteria for the level of speech development of children of senior preschool age are reflected. For this purpose, the content of the most common programs was analyzed, and especially the tasks of the speech development of children in the preparatory group for school, the basic requirements for the speech of children by the end of their education in kindergarten.

Basic child development program for preschoolers "Origins". The goal of this program is the comprehensive, full development of the child, the formation of his universal qualities, including creative abilities, to a level corresponding to the age-related capabilities and requirements of modern society.

The program is focused on achieving the standard of education. It is based on the concept of psychological age as a stage, stage child development, characterized by its structure and dynamics.

A new approach to teaching literacy in high school preschool age is based on the unity of reading, writing and counting as “general cultural skills”; using all types of activities available to children to form their prerequisites; organizing a new community of children - a group of peers. Chapter Social development includes the subsection "Speech and verbal communication", where the characteristics of age-related capabilities, development tasks, content and conditions of pedagogical work are highlighted, where development indicators are defined: by the age of 7, the child must correctly pronounce all the sounds of his native language, master spoken language, show interest in stories, use different parts of speech in statements, show a critical attitude towards speech. In the section "Cognitive development" there is a subsection "Literacy", which consists of characteristics of age-related capabilities, developmental tasks. It has been determined that by the age of 7 a child should read smoothly and clearly, in syllables and whole words, write words in notebook, know the rules of “zhi-shi”, “cha-sha”, “chu-shu”, know all the letters of the alphabet.

In the variable program of development and education in kindergarten “Childhood”, special sections are dedicated to the tasks and content of children’s speech development and familiarization with fiction: “Developing children’s speech”, “Child and the book”. These sections contain for each group characteristics of traditionally distinguished tasks: development of coherent speech, vocabulary, grammatical structure, education of sound culture of speech. The program is distinguished by the fact that at the end of the sections, criteria are proposed for assessing the level of speech development. This is especially important in older preschool age, when it is necessary to determine the level of development of knowledge and skills before school. It is especially important that the program clearly identifies (in the form of separate chapters) and meaningfully defines speech skills in different types of activities.

At the end of the senior preschool age, a section “Soon to school” is highlighted, where the main indicators of the child’s development before entering school are clearly presented. The main directions in the development of speech in children of senior preschool age:

development of speech creativity, expressiveness of speech;

development of individual abilities for speech activity;

preparation for reading, reading.

Continuous reading is considered a high level of speech development at the end of kindergarten short texts, mastery of all means of sound analysis of words, determination of the main qualitative characteristics of sounds in a word.

The "Gifted Child" program is a version of the "Development" program intended for educational work with children of the sixth and seventh years of life who have a high level of mental development. It significantly deepens the content of familiarization with fiction in the section “Development of speech and familiarization with fiction.”

In the preparatory group for school, work is carried out in three directions: 1) introducing children to fiction, getting to know different aspects of reality. The proposed literature is arranged according to the complexity of the content. One of the main lines of work is the development of emotional responsiveness to works of children's literature; 2) mastering the means of literary and speech activity: familiarizing children with the means of speech expressiveness; mastery of lexical and grammatical culture, development of coherent and expressive speech.

Particular attention is paid to storytelling from a presentation without relying on the subject. 3) development of mental abilities based on familiarization with children's fiction - tasks for the development of children's thinking and imagination.

"Program for the development of speech for preschool children in kindergarten." Prepared on the basis of many years of research conducted in the speech development laboratory of the Institute preschool education under the leadership of F.A. Sokhina and O.S. Ushakova. It reveals theoretical basis and areas of work to develop children’s speech and language skills. The program is based on an integrated approach to speech development in the classroom, the relationship of different speech tasks with the leading role of the development of coherent speech. Particular emphasis is placed on the formation in children of ideas about the structure of a coherent utterance, about the methods of connection between individual phrases and its parts. The content of the tasks is presented by age group. This material is preceded by a description of the speech development of children.

Due to changing priorities of modern preschool education a significant revision of the content of the previous “Program of education and training in kindergarten” was also required. It is no secret that the number of preschool educational institutions that continue to operate under this program is quite large. Preschool workers, forced to reckon with the realities of new times, independently introduce into the established document tasks and content from other programs created on different conceptual foundations.

To achieve the goals of the program, the following are of paramount importance:

* care for the health, emotional well-being and timely comprehensive development of each child;

* creating an atmosphere of humane and friendly attitude to all pupils, which will allow them to be raised sociable, kind, inquisitive, proactive, striving for independence and creativity;

* maximum use of a variety of children's activities; integrating them to improve efficiency educational process;

* creativity (creative organization) of the process of education and training;

* variability in the use of educational material, allowing the development of creativity in accordance with the interests and inclinations of each child;

* respect for results children's creativity;

* ensuring the development of the child in the process of education and training;

* coordination of approaches to raising children in preschool and family settings. Ensuring family participation in the life of kindergarten and preschool groups as a whole;

* maintaining continuity in the work of the kindergarten and primary school, eliminating mental and physical overload in the content of education for a preschool child.

RAINBOW PROGRAM

“Rainbow” is a comprehensive program for the upbringing, education and development of preschool children, according to which kindergartens in Russia operate. The program ensures the comprehensive development of the child; its most important components are play and physical development, the formation of habits for a healthy lifestyle, and provision of mental comfort for each child.

The program is recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. For all main types of activities of preschoolers, sets of manuals are provided for children of various age groups and recommendations for teachers.

For classes under this program, sets of manuals for preschoolers on all types of activities and methodological recommendations for educators have been created.

Purpose of the program- to form such personality qualities as good manners, independence, determination, the ability to set a task and achieve its solution. The formation of knowledge, skills and abilities is considered not as an end in itself, but as one of the means of educating and psychological development of a child.

They put forward before the teachers general tasks:

• To create the opportunity for the child to live these years joyfully and meaningfully;
• Ш ensure the protection and strengthening of his health (both physical and mental);
• Ш promote comprehensive and timely mental development;
• Ш to form an active and careful and respectful attitude towards the surrounding world;
• Ш to introduce to the main spheres of human culture (work, knowledge, art, morality, etc.).

The program is based on the idea that every year of a child’s life is decisive for the development of certain mental neoplasms. The effectiveness of the educational process depends on how specific pedagogical work is focused on the formation of these new formations: goal-setting, purposefulness of children's activities (in early preschool age); going beyond the limits of reality and interest in the sign system (in middle preschool age); arbitrariness of mental processes (in older preschool age).

The pedagogical work provided for in the program is based on theoretical positions on the leading role of activity in the mental development of a child and the formation of his personality. Creation special conditions opens up a wide field for children’s independent actions, stimulates the setting of new goals, and allows them to look for their own solutions.

Those changes in the activities of children that can be achieved at the age of 4-5 years are a natural consequence and continuation of fundamental changes in the activities of the child, which are formed between the ages of two and three years. This is when children develop the ability to set goals. This means that before the start of actions, the child already knows what he wants to get at the end of them - in other words, he has some idea, some image of the future result.

Further development of goal setting follows the emergence of chains of interconnected goals: build a garage for a car of the appropriate size, build a train out of chairs, a house out of sand, etc.

Another important line of development of activity is the child’s attitude towards the product of such purposeful actions. If at first the child is satisfied with any result, then later, in the fourth year of life, he has certain requirements for the quality of the expected result.

The next step in the development of goal setting is the ability, based on what has been achieved, to set new goals arising from the results obtained. The goal system can unfold over a long period of time, weeks. This means that more general plans are fixed by the child and find their realization. The ability to independently develop a system of goals arising from each other is an important condition independent and creative activity.

An essential point in pedagogical work is also the creation of motivation that encourages children to master what an adult would like to form in them. At the same time, such techniques are needed that would ensure the emergence of the necessary motivation in the majority of children. The authors of the program identify three types of motivation with which you can encourage children to willingly learn new things that adults will teach them: play motivation, communication motivation and personal interest motivation. The “Guide” gives their specific description in relation to different sections of the work.

The authors of the program called it "Rainbow" by analogy with a seven-color rainbow, since it includes seven most important types of children’s activities and activities, during which the child’s upbringing and development occurs:

• -- physical education (the most important subject -- Red color);
• -- game (based on the program -- Orange color);
• -- fine arts and manual labor (based on familiarity with decorative folk art -- yellow);
• -- construction (development of imagination -- green color);
• -- classes in musical and plastic arts (formation of aesthetic experiences -- blue);
• -- classes on speech development and familiarization with the outside world ( Blue colour);
• -- mathematics ( purple).

The authors urge those teachers who want to work under the Rainbow program to first of all understand what a child of a given age is like and to love him for his individuality. The developed scientific and methodological system of pedagogical creativity of the Rainbow program is quite labor-intensive and requires a high culture of work organization. Therefore, the methodological recommendations for each age group provide approximate planning of teaching work for the year, reveal the content of work during the day: list and duration individual elements daily routine, as well as their methodological content, purpose and means.

An educational and methodological complex has been developed for the program to help teachers implement this program.

comprehensive rainbow program for preschoolers

1. Some didactic games of the Rainbow program

One of the main objectives of the program is to develop an active and caring attitude towards the environment.

Goal: formation of ecological culture of children

Using didactic games the following tasks are solved:

• 1. Formation of ecological ideas about the animal world
• 2. Formation of ecological ideas about plants
• 3. Formation of ecological ideas about objects and phenomena of inanimate nature
• 4. Formation of an environmentally careful attitude towards natural objects

"Rainbow" is a comprehensive program for the upbringing, education and development of preschool children, according to which kindergartens in Russia operate. The program ensures the comprehensive development of the child; its most important components are play and physical development, the formation of habits for a healthy lifestyle, and provision of mental comfort for each child.

The program is recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. For all main types of activities of preschoolers, sets of manuals are provided for children of various age groups and recommendations for teachers.

For classes under this program, sets of manuals for preschoolers on all types of activities and methodological recommendations for educators have been created.

Main goals of the program:

• providing the child with the opportunity to live the preschool years joyfully and meaningfully;
• ensuring the protection and strengthening of his health (both physical and mental);
• comprehensive and timely mental development;
• formation of an active and careful and respectful attitude towards the surrounding world;
• familiarization with the main spheres of human culture (work, knowledge, art, morality).

red color - physical education : during classes, habits are formed to protect one’s health, to cleanliness, neatness, order, cultural and hygienic skills and elements of self-control during movements, skills of correct behavior in situations that threaten life and health, and their prevention are developed;

orange color - game: Play is considered the leading activity of work; it allows you to provide psychological comfort and create an atmosphere of emotional warmth. security, relieve excessive organization and neuroticism in children. It allows a feeling of sympathy and interest in the playing partner to arise;

yellow color - visual arts and manual labor: - teaching fine arts and artistic work occurs through introducing children to examples of folk and decorative arts (works of Khokhloma, Gzhel, Dymkovo toys, etc.). Children are taught to draw with pencils and paints, sculpt based on familiarity with folk sculpture;

green color - design: provides an opportunity to develop imagination, fantasy and mentally educate the baby; children learn to build from building materials, develop constructive prerequisites, and become involved in the process of creativity in design;

blue color - musical and plastic arts classes: allow you to develop aesthetic experiences, form an interest in music, develop the child’s musical and sensory abilities, the ability to move to the beat, spatial coordination;

blue color - classes on speech development and familiarization with the environment: learning native and foreign languages ​​occurs through familiarization with works of folk art and fiction;

purple color - mathematics: learning mathematics takes place in an atmosphere of goodwill, support for the child, even if he has made a mistake, and the desire to express his opinion is encouraged; Children not only learn mathematics, but also master the skills of educational activities: they determine the task, the direction of the search, and evaluate the results.