Treatment of hormonal imbalances in adolescents. Hormonal problems in teenagers
During adolescence, a child requires increased attention from parents. Don't rush to scold him if you notice sudden changes mood, irritability, decreased interest in studying, constant fatigue. If these phenomena do not go away quickly, it makes sense to pay attention to them - they may be the result of a disruption of the endocrine system.
The human endocrine system consists of glands that produce hormones that control chemical processes in cells. It is under the influence of hormones that a child grows and develops. There are many features of the teenage endocrine system. Therefore, only a specialist can diagnose deviations from the norm. Diabetes mellitus, obesity or underweight, growth disorders, and sexual development are the main endocrinological problems of adolescents.
If your child complains of discomfort or pain in the front of the neck, goes to the toilet frequently, especially at night, drinks a lot, sexual characteristics appear earlier or later than normal, dry skin, swelling, contact immediately. One of the main factors that disrupts the endocrine system in adolescence is constant stress. It is caused by a break in the stereotypes of childhood, a discrepancy between the pace of physical and social development, the formation of life attitudes, goals, preferences and passions, spiritual and moral values. Therefore, do not leave your children alone with their problems, do not rush to scold, it is better to help with advice, share your thoughts, do not be afraid to be frank - your child will remember such moments for the rest of his life and will also remain healthy.
You can often hear that adolescence is full of difficulties. At this time, parents are surprised, worried, irritated and even baffled by the child’s behavior. What worries doctors? What diseases should be treated and what diseases can debut in adolescence?
There are several starting points puberty. Statistically it’s 14-17 years old, but physiologically it’s a little different. Adolescence begins for girls and boys at the age of 10-11, and ends individually for each child. It can end at 14-15 years old, and at 18-19 years old.
During this period, they begin to be actively developed. More active stimulation of the adrenal glands and thyroid gland begins. During this period, all endocrine glands begin to work more actively and may fail. For example, diabetes most often occurs at this time. In addition, problems with both excess body weight and underweight may appear. Because it is at this age that adipose tissue, which is also endocrine tissue, begins to increase its mass. This excess weight can be fixed for life and will cause many other problems not only of an endocrine nature. This is why it is very important for children to support normal weight in adolescence.
First of all, this is possible due to a rational daily routine with periods of rest and work. The child should not be exhausted. The child should get enough rest. He must go to bed on time. And sleep at least 8 hours a day. There must be sufficient physical activity. And a child must eat to grow. Therefore, dietary restriction is not a priority; sufficient physical activity is the priority.
Sometimes teenagers experience high blood pressure. You need to understand that if, for example, for an adult a blood pressure of 120/60 is normal, then for a child such indicators are a deviation from the norm.
But in general high blood pressure It is provoked, first of all, by excess body weight or may be a manifestation of adrenal gland pathology. That is why cardiologists, when a child has high blood pressure, refer him to.
As a rule, an examination by an endocrinologist is aimed at studying the functions of the thyroid gland, which also undergoes certain changes during puberty. Previously, this condition was called “adolescent”. Why is the thyroid gland examined? Because in adolescence it increases due to the fact that the child needs more hormones. Iodine is needed for the normal amount of hormones produced. In adolescence, iodine is released more actively than in younger or older children, especially girls. And therefore, when the thyroid gland experiences iodine starvation, it begins to increase in volume in order to provide more of the necessary hormones due to the volume. This is why adolescence is a risk group for thyroid pathology and requires mandatory admission supplements containing iodine. We also must not forget that the body needs the microelement selenium to absorb iodine. Therefore, experts recommend taking supplements containing both microelements - iodine and selenium. The drug is available in pharmacies "YoSen ®". 1 tablet of the drug contains 150 mcg of iodine and 75 mcg of selenium. The drug should be taken 1 tablet 1 time per day during or after meals with water.
Unfortunately, today endocrinologists quite often have to deal with patients with delayed sexual development or premature puberty. This mainly applies to girls. Because there are a number of endocrine genetic diseases that appear and manifest themselves in adolescence. Among such diseases, the most famous is the so-called Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome. This genetic disease has several variants of manifestation depending on the chromosomal abnormality. Typically, such girls have low body weight at birth. In the future they grow slowly, their height does not exceed 140 cm. But at the beginning of puberty, the main symptom of this disease appears - a girl’s delay in the onset of menstruation or irregular menstrual cycles. That is why even before adolescence, parents should pay attention to the child’s growth retardation. It is necessary to carefully examine the child to determine whether this is her physiological condition, or whether it is a pathological situation that requires immediate intervention and adequate correction.
In boys, pathology of sexual development is very often discovered during a medical examination at the military registration and enlistment office. And only then is it determined that the problem has existed since the child’s early childhood, but the parents did not pay attention to it.
Pubertal development in boys begins at approximately 11-12 years of age, in girls - a year earlier.
The first signs of sexual development in boys are voice mutation and intensive growth. Over the course of a year, a child can grow by 9-10 cm. But when a child begins to grow very rapidly at the age of 6-7 years, this is not a good sign and you should definitely consult a doctor. There is no need to be happy that the child is growing actively and very well. This is not always a good sign. The same is true when the child’s growth rate remains at 2-4 cm per year. This also requires a mandatory consultation with a doctor to determine the cause of such growth retardation.
Hormones in teenage girls during puberty, they primarily stimulate the enlargement of the mammary glands. Then hair appears under the arms and on the pubic area. Next comes a growth spurt. If these signs occur in girls under 6-7 years of age, this is a sign of premature physiological sexual development. But if sexual development in girls begins not with enlargement of the mammary glands, but with hair growth, this may be a sign of not entirely normal functioning of the adrenal glands. You definitely need to pay attention to this and consult a doctor in a timely manner.
What is the function of the adrenal glands and how can changes in the function of these glands affect the health and future life of children?
In short, the adrenal glands produce certain types of hormones, including sex hormones and glucocorticoids. When there are too many of them, protein breakdown accelerates, fat is redistributed - the body stores excess fat in the buttocks, thighs, and axillary folds. Pink-violet striae appear there - areas with disturbed pigmentation. These burgundy stripes are 2-4 cm long and about 1 cm wide and are hard to miss. But this, unfortunately, is not all. Obesity contributes to long-term increases blood pressure. Therefore, the teenager becomes a direct candidate for the risk group. About a third of these children remain overweight.
To prevent disorders of the endocrine system, it is necessary to ensure that the child maintains a normal daily routine, and also receives normal, adequate, timely nutrition without excess carbohydrates and fats. Under any conditions, the child must rest, because his endocrine system is very dependent on overwork and stress, which is why many diseases arise during puberty. Regarding thyroid disorders, every family needs to replace regular salt with iodized salt in their daily diet. This will provide the daily iodine requirement for a child of any age.
Do you want your child to develop harmoniously? Don’t forget to show it to the endocrinologist - this is what our expert, pediatric endocrinologist Ph.D. says. Tatiana Varlamova.
Is the child’s character deteriorating, is he growing too rapidly or, on the contrary, is he suffering because he is the smallest in the class, too plump and chews all the time, or, on the contrary, he is thin and categorically refuses to eat? “Transitional age,” we say, “time will correct everything.” And, exchanging experiences with other parents, we are convinced that our baby is still nothing, but the neighbors’ son...
Diabetes makes you look younger?
Modern children have become shorter, but fatter, because they do not eat properly, get sick more often and are nervous, to say the least - mentally unbalanced. These are the gloomy conclusions reached by experts dealing with children’s health at the All-Russian Forum “Health of the Nation,” held in Moscow this spring. The results of recent scientific research have made it possible to assess the real state of children's health, which is very different from official statistics.
Risky inheritance
Diabetes mellitus type I. The risk of inheriting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, so-called juvenile diabetes, is low.
The likelihood of a child getting sick:
2-3% - if the mother is sick
5-6% - with diabetes in the father
15-20% - if both parents are sick
10% is the incidence of diabetes among siblings with diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus type II is caused by hereditary predisposition much more strongly:
40-50% - if one of the parents is sick. True, the disease usually occurs after the age of 40.
50-80% - if the parents are also diagnosed with obesity in combination with type II diabetes, the so-called diabetes mellitus of obese adults.
According to the Scientific Center for Children's Health of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, only 2% of school graduates can be considered healthy. Over the past few years, there have been 8.5% fewer children with normal physical development. A generation of relatively healthy children is growing, or, as doctors say, “healthy patients.” The term “retardation” appeared, that is, slowing down physical development and formation of functional systems in children and adolescents.
And the number of endocrine disorders in children has increased significantly over 15-20 years. This is due, firstly, to the epidemic of our century - obesity. Secondly, with the increasing number of cases of diabetes (both insulin-dependent - type I diabetes, and type II diabetes, which was previously called diabetes of the elderly), it has become significantly younger and is now increasingly beginning to develop in children.
Naturally, this is connected with both ecology and urbanization, that is, with the costs of city life. And, of course, with food. On the one hand, children began to eat more, but on the other hand, this is not always what they need. Often, even at home, children are treated to fast food and sweet drinks - not only carbonated drinks, but also sweetened “morsiki” and “kompotiki”.
In addition, children move less, and this contributes to the development of functional disorders.
But the main risk factor is family history. True, if there are cases of diabetes in the family, this does not mean that the child will definitely get sick, but he is at risk. This means that he needs special supervision from an endocrinologist (2-3 times a year) and nutritional correction. Nowadays there are a lot of cases of obesity in children - I and II degrees! And a violation of fat metabolism leads to a violation of carbohydrate metabolism and the development of diabetes.
Typical mistakes of parents:
- Overfeeding a child. If the child is healthy, but thin, and has poor appetite, this may be a manifestation of gastroenterological diseases or increased excitability. This means that it makes sense to show him to a neurologist and gastroenterologist, but just not force him to eat, making painful hysterical performances out of feedings.
- Not proper nutrition: products containing trans fats (cookies, chips) and excess sweets. The child's diet must be balanced.
- Failure to regularly check the child's body mass index.
- Feeding newborns throughout the day without stopping at night. Common mistake mothers - give the baby the breast at night every time he wakes up. So he has a need to eat and drink all the time. But the number of fat cells is formed precisely during this period of development - before the age of two years!
Alarming symptoms:
- It takes a long time for a child to recover from adenoviral infections or childhood diseases.
- Feels thirsty often and drinks too much liquid.
- He urinates frequently and profusely.
- He remains in a state of lethargy and irritability for a long time.
- He begins to lose weight noticeably.
These are possible signs of diabetes. Therefore, you should immediately check your blood glucose levels.
Height and bone age
When a child lags behind his peers in growth, this is perceived as a tragedy by both the parents and himself; adolescents experience this especially painfully.
Why does a person’s height depend? It is influenced by two main factors - genes, that is, heredity, and again nutrition in early childhood. Tall parents usually have taller children, and vice versa. And, if the parents are above average height, and the child is lagging behind, you need to check his somatotropic hormone (GH) level.
Severe (especially chronic) diseases can also reduce growth rates. A weakened baby temporarily switches the energy that should have been spent on growth to the healing process.
An important role is played by the mother’s health during pregnancy, as well as the individual characteristics of metabolic processes in the child’s body.
And the functions of the endocrine glands - the thyroid gland and the sex hormone testosterone - have a very large influence on growth. An increase in its production stimulates bone growth up to a certain limit, but later it begins to suppress growth zones, stopping growth. This can be observed in young men during puberty, when the acceleration of growth is replaced in the period of maturity (at 16-18 years old) by its stop.
Norm and deviations:
It is very important to monitor growth rates during the first two years of life.
- In the first year, children grow by an average of 25-30 cm, in the second - up to 12 cm, and in the third - 6 cm. Then rapid growth gives way to so-called uniform growth, that is, an increase of 4-8 cm per year.
- At the beginning of puberty, children typically experience growth spurts again. This period rapid growth caused by the influence of sex hormones - a hormonal “surge”.
- For girls, this period begins at the age of 10 (maximum at 12), when they gain an average of 8 cm per year.
- In boys aged 12-14 years, the increase in height is on average 10 cm per year, with possible individual deviations of 1-1.5 years.
- During the puberty “leap” (for boys this usually occurs at 13-16 years old, for girls at 12-15), both main indicators of physical development - height and body weight - intensively manifest themselves. In a relatively short period of time, height can increase by 20%, and body weight - even by 50%.
In girls, this “jump” can begin at 10.5 years, reaching its greatest expression by 12.5. And their body growth continues until they are 17-19 years old. - At the beginning of puberty, boys lag behind girls, and at about 14.5 years old they begin to intensively catch up with them, and their growth continues until about 19-20 years old.
Alarming symptoms:
- Weight and height may vary depending on individual characteristics a specific child, so the reason for concern should not be one number, but a stable age-related trend of lagging or accelerating growth. Genes play a big role here, but the hereditary program can fail for some external reasons.
- Adolescents in physical and sexual development may be delayed by 1-2 years compared to their peers who intensively engage in sports with constant physical activity (gymnastics, wrestling, etc.).
- Chronic diseases, for example, gastritis, gastroduodenitis, which sometimes occur almost asymptomatically in adolescents, can significantly affect growth retardation.
- Diseases of the cardiovascular system, such as arterial hypertension, rheumatism, heart defects, and some pulmonary diseases, also contribute to a decrease in height.
- And, of course, endocrine diseases, the first signs of which sometimes appear in early age, and sometimes only in adolescence, lead to a slowdown in the child’s physical development - and primarily to a decrease in height.
It is important not to waste time, to promptly notice that the child’s growth is not normal, and be sure to contact specialists - a pediatrician and an endocrinologist.
It is also necessary to check the bone age - its correspondence to the passport age - and growth zones. To do this, an X-ray of the hands and wrist joints is taken. The growth zones are clearly visible in the picture. If these zones close at the age of 14-15, it means that the child will no longer grow, and this is an unfavorable sign.
Thyroid
The last two decades have been marked by a steady increase in thyroid diseases in children. In addition to burdened heredity, the region of residence also plays an important role. If there is a lack of iodine in the region, its deficiency must be replenished with the help of iodine preparations - iodomarin, potassium iodide, etc.
How do hormones function?
The endocrine system is the endocrine glands, such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, ovaries, testicles, etc. Hormones (endocrine substances) are secreted by the endocrine system directly into the bloodstream and regulate vital processes in the body. All over the world in Lately There has been an increase in diseases associated with endocrine system disorders. Moreover, the majority endocrine diseases appears in childhood. Typical symptoms of endocrine disorders - unreasonable fatigue, sudden mood swings, irritability, obesity or sudden weight loss, too early or delayed puberty - should serve as a serious reason to contact an endocrinologist.
Somewhat insufficient physical activity and even spending too much time at the computer at an early age can provoke the development of thyroid diseases, such as autoimmune thyroiditis - a deficiency of thyroid hormone, which leads to further functional disorders.
If after a careful examination and ultrasound it turns out that the gland is enlarged, but the level of thyroid hormones is normal, then iodine supplements are sufficient. If the hormone level is increased or decreased, serious correction and treatment with hormonal drugs is necessary.
Doctors do not confirm the widespread belief that the hormones that the mother took during pregnancy also lead to the development of endocrine disorders in children. Hormones, as a rule, are prescribed to women with problems of the reproductive system - miscarriage, etc. Such a course of treatment under the supervision of a doctor almost never - there is a lot of research on this topic - does not affect the health of children. On the contrary, in the correct, precisely selected dosage, the hormonal drug helps maintain pregnancy. Hypothyroidism can also be congenital - it is a hereditary disease when a child is already born with a “bad” thyroid gland. Therefore, since 1992, we have been screening newborns for endocrine diseases.
Such early diagnosis is very important: if treatment is started immediately (and children with hypothyroidism need lifelong treatment), developmental delays can be avoided.
Cases of congenital hypothyroidism in Russia average 1 in 4000 newborns. Therefore, the best prevention of endocrine system disorders in children is examination of pregnant women in early dates when the formation of the nervous system and thyroid gland in the fetus occurs.
Alarming symptoms:
- Slowdown in growth rates.
- Weight disorders - both deficiency and excess. If the child is too fat, this may indicate a metabolic disorder.
- With a deficiency of thyroid hormones, children are lethargic, pasty, weak - they get tired quickly compared to their peers, and get up very hard in the morning.
- If the gland is overactive, weight loss and increased emotional excitability are observed, especially in girls. They become tearful, even aggressive, hand tremors, enlarged eyeballs, a difference in pressure - decreased diastolic and increased systolic (pulse), thin, tender, even dry skin and general fussiness of movements may appear.
An experienced doctor can identify violations by the way the child enters the office: this is noticeable in his plastic behavior, hyperactive behavior, and excessive fussiness.
Gender issues
Puberty in children is mainly determined by heredity, but not only genetic characteristics determine the type of development of the child, but also the nationality and race of the parents - children of southern or eastern peoples, for example, mature earlier.
How to determine the ideal weight of a child?
For children from 1 year to 12 years, deviation of body weight from ideal can be assessed in points - from five to two. Body mass index (BMI) for children over 2 years of age is calculated using the same formula as for adults: weight in kg divided by height in cm squared.
5 points - exact correspondence of the child’s weight to his age
+4 – slightly overweight
+3 – moderate overweight
+2 - pronounced excess weight
-4 - mild underweight
-3 - moderate underweight
-2 - severe weight deficiency
Estimation of body weight in girls
| Age, years | BMI score in points | ||||||
| -2 | -3 | -4 | 5 | +4 | +3 | +2 | |
| 1 | 14,7 | 15,0 | 15,8 | 16,6 | 17,6 | 18,6 | 19,3 |
| 2 | 14,3 | 14,7 | 15,3 | 16,0 | 17,1 | 18,0 | 18,7 |
| 3 | 13,9 | 14,4 | 14,9 | 15,6 | 16,7 | 17,6 | 18,3 |
| 4 | 13,6 | 14,1 | 14,7 | 15,4 | 16,5 | 17,5 | 18,2 |
| 5 | 13,5 | 14,0 | 14,6 | 15,3 | 16,3 | 17,5 | 18,3 |
| 6 | 13,3 | 13,9 | 14,6 | 15,3 | 16,4 | 17,7 | 18,8 |
| 7 | 13,4 | 14,4 | 14,7 | 15,5 | 16,7 | 18,5 | 19,7 |
| 8 | 13,6 | 14,2 | 15,0 | 16,0 | 17,2 | 19,4 | 21,0 |
| 9 | 14,0 | 14,5 | 15,5 | 16,6 | 17,2 | 20,8 | 22,7 |
| 10 | 14,3 | 15,0 | 15,9 | 17,1 | 18,0 | 21,8 | 24,2 |
| 11 | 14,6 | 15,3 | 16,2 | 17,8 | 19,0 | 23,0 | 25,7 |
| 12 | 15,0 | 15,6 | 16,7 | 18,3 | 19,8 | 23,7 | 26,8 |
Estimation of body weight in boys
| Age, years | BMI score in points | ||||||
| -2 | -3 | -4 | 5 | +4 | +3 | +2 | |
| 1 | 14,6 | 15,4 | 16,1 | 17,2 | 18,5 | 19,4 | 19,9 |
| 2 | 14,4 | 15,0 | 15,7 | 16,5 | 17,6 | 18,4 | 19,0 |
| 3 | 14,0 | 14,6 | 15,3 | 16,0 | 17,0 | 17,8 | 18,4 |
| 4 | 13,8 | 14,4 | 15,0 | 15,8 | 16,6 | 17,5 | 18,1 |
| 5 | 13,7 | 14,2 | 14,9 | 15,5 | 16,3 | 17,3 | 18,0 |
| 6 | 13,6 | 14,0 | 14,7 | 15,4 | 16,3 | 17,4 | 18,1 |
| 7 | 13,6 | 14,0 | 14,7 | 15,5 | 16,5 | 17,7 | 18,9 |
| 8 | 13,7 | 14,1 | 14,9 | 15,7 | 17,0 | 18,4 | 19,7 |
| 9 | 14,0 | 14,3 | 15,1 | 16,0 | 17,6 | 19,3 | 20,9 |
| 10 | 14,3 | 14,6 | 15,5 | 16,6 | 18,4 | 20,3 | 22,2 |
| 11 | 14,6 | 15,0 | 16,0 | 17,2 | 19,2 | 21,3 | 23,5 |
| 12 | 15,1 | 15,5 | 16,5 | 17,8 | 20,0 | 22,3 | 24,8 |
You can calculate the ideal weight for your child, taking into account his constitutional body type, using the formula: MI = (P x G): 240, where MI is the ideal body weight in kg; P—height in cm; G - circle chest in cm; 240 is a constant calculation coefficient.
A sign of normality or deviation can be the sequence of appearance of secondary sexual characteristics: in girls, the mammary glands must first develop, then hair growth occurs in the pubic area, then menstruation occurs. If the sequence is broken, this is not a sign of a disease, but a reason to consult an endocrinologist. When girls have hair on their arms, legs and back, it is necessary to exclude excess androgens by doing special studies. If they are in excess, we can talk about pathology of the adrenal glands. If the hormonal levels are normal, this may be a manifestation of a constitutional feature.
Normally, at the age of 8-9 years, girls show the first signs of maturation: the nipple areas begin to protrude a little, slightly change color and shape. And then, from 10-12 years old, a redistribution of adipose tissue, development of the mammary glands, etc. gradually begins to occur. The first menstruation normally appears at 12-14 years old, but fluctuations are possible in the range from 10 to 16 years - in the northern areas.
Normal puberty in boys usually occurs between 9 and 14 years of age. The first signs are enlargement of the testicles, then, after 6 months, the appearance of pubic hair, reaching a peak in the final stage of growth of the genital organs.
Boys at this age sometimes experience swelling mammary glands- one or both, as a rule, this is caused by excess prolactin and does not require treatment. This is not a disease, but a physiological phenomenon - the so-called genicomastia. It may be a consequence of obesity.
Alarming symptoms:
- Pubic hair in girls in the absence of other secondary sexual characteristics can be caused by a malfunction of the adrenal glands, for example, an adrenal tumor. This is a serious reason to contact an endocrinologist.
- Growth retardation compared to peers. In this case, it is necessary to conduct an examination to determine whether the bone age corresponds to the biological age.
- Obesity in boys can also contribute to pathological development of the genitals.
- Endocrine deviation - cryptorchidism, when one or both testicles do not descend into the scrotum in time, but remain in the abdominal cavity.
- Underdevelopment of the genitals, if, for example, a boy at the age of 13 began to develop hair growth (axillary and pubic area), and the genitals are still of child size, the child is taken under the supervision of endocrinologists.
- Precocious puberty can occur in children of both sexes. This is an alarming symptom if secondary sexual characteristics appear in boys under 9 years of age or in girls under 8 years of age. In any case, it is necessary to see an endocrinologist at least once a year, even in the absence of pronounced abnormalities.
Main reasons imbalance in a teenage girl There is:
- bad ecology;
- great stress;
- thyroid disease;
- improper diet;
- genetic diseases;
- taking medications in large quantities;
- sexually transmitted infections.
Symptoms of a problem
Hormonal imbalance is accompanied by a number of symptoms, including:- excessive sweating;
- acne;
- stable irritability and aggression;
- a sharp gain in weight or its rapid decrease;
- growth disorder.
You should pay attention to how they proceed. When accompanied by very severe pain, then this also indicates a problem.
Imbalance Treatment
In order to normalize hormonal imbalance in a teenage girl, you should consult a doctor. First of all, he will find out the cause of the failure and schedule a test necessary tests blood and blood tests for hormones.The latest analysis will help determine which hormone has failed.
Then he will prescribe the necessary course of treatment, which may include hormonal drugs from natural or synthetic substances.
During the treatment period, attention should be paid to correct mode day. You should balance study and relaxation; you should not strain yourself too much.
Also eat healthy. Physical activity should be in moderation.
Do not smoke or drink alcohol under any circumstances!
All this will help restore hormonal balance in a teenager. The child will continue to grow and develop in the right direction.
Video: “Hormonal Imbalance | akelberg"
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Hormones are biologically active compounds that regulate basic human functions from birth. There are more than 60 types of hormones; they are produced by endocrine glands.
A normal amount of hormones is necessary for the proper functioning of the nervous system, reproductive organs and the natural course of the metabolic process.
A woman's hormonal background changes throughout her life. Sometimes, under the influence of unfavorable factors, hormonal imbalance occurs. 
Hormonal imbalance is a condition in which the amount of hormones produced by the body deviates from the norm.
Hormone levels can be high, low, and sometimes there is an imbalance where some hormones are high and others are low.
Hormonal imbalance usually begins unnoticed, but gradually the degree of hormone fluctuations increases and the first warning signs appear.
How does hormonal imbalance manifest itself in women: symptoms, signs of disturbances
To understand that there is a hormonal imbalance in your body, you do not need to wait for any frightening signs. Pay attention to the first signals.
Unstable and irregular menstruation
The discharge is too abundant or, conversely, too scanty. The duration of the cycle is constantly changing. Menstruation is absent for several months.
You can find out why hormonal imbalance occurs in women, symptoms, signs and other necessary information by undergoing examinations with a doctor. Intermenstrual bleeding
This is bleeding that occurs between 2 periods. Light pink or light brown mucous discharge is considered normal.
If the bleeding is profuse, occurs regularly, and is accompanied by pain, this is a deviation from the norm.
Excessive growth of body hair in places where there was none before
Coarse, thick hair begins to grow in the wrong places. Usually these are areas that are sensitive to the manifestation of the male hormone - the back, abdomen, area above upper lip, chin, hands. 
Malfunction of the central nervous system
Irritability appears for trivial reasons. Tearfulness and sentimentality for no particular reason.
Frequent mood swings, poor sleep, deterioration of attentiveness and ability to concentrate. Sometimes it leads to depression and decreased intellectual abilities.
Chronic fatigue
Fatigue that does not go away after proper sleep and rest is called chronic.
Characterized by a feeling of extreme exhaustion at the end of a working day. A person wakes up lethargic and overwhelmed.
Sharp increase in body weight, swelling
Significant weight gain with normal diet. It is not possible to lose weight even on a strict diet and actively playing sports. 
Swelling of the face, fingers, ankles and feet.
Decreased or absent sex drive
The desire to have sex decreases or disappears completely. May occur along with severe headaches.
Apathy towards the partner arises, caresses that were liked before are now annoying. Little vaginal lubrication is produced, so During sexual intercourse, a woman experiences discomfort and even pain.
The condition of nails and hair worsens
Hair becomes dull, brittle, and falls out in large quantities.
Nails become thinner, break and turn yellow.
Skin rashes in different parts of the body, acne. Itching of the skin, especially in the armpits and perineum
Acne appears on the back, chest, and shoulders. There is acne on the face. Such rashes are difficult to treat. 
The skin in the armpits and groin is itchy, but there are no fungal or other infections.
Excessive sweating
Excessive sweating is associated with disruption of the endocrine system.
If increased sweating is not caused by an increase in room temperature, anxiety or stress, this signals a malfunction in the body.
Sleep disturbance and increased fatigue
Women find it difficult to fall asleep; they have light, restless sleep, with frequent awakenings. Frequent insomnia.
By the middle of the day, fatigue and drowsiness appear.
Reproductive function disorders. Problems conceiving a child
It is not possible to conceive a child after prolonged attempts. If pregnancy does occur, its course can be difficult, and the risk of miscarriage is high. 
Constant supervision by specialists is required.
Secretion of milk from the mammary glands in the absence of breastfeeding
A white fluid is released from the mammary glands, and the woman is not pregnant or breastfeeding.
Frequent mood swings, tearfulness, irritability
The mood constantly changes for no apparent reason. All sorts of little things irritate me. I want to shed tears for any reason.
The woman becomes touchy and vulnerable.
Frequent excruciating headaches
A woman suffers from headaches and migraines. Their appearance is not associated with overwork, weather changes, or heavy mental stress. 
The attack begins in the morning, does not always go away after sleep, and is difficult to relieve with strong medications.
Decreased visual acuity
It happens that due to headaches, vision decreases. This indicates problems in the functioning of the endocrine system.
Be careful! During puberty, during pregnancy or after childbirth, as well as over the age of 40, when ovarian function begins to fade, hormonal changes occur in the body, and the risk of failure increases sharply.
For every age of woman, the signs and symptoms of hormonal imbalance will be different.
Signs of hormonal imbalance in girls during puberty
Puberty is a difficult time for teenagers and their parents. In particular, this applies to girls, because their hormones are at their peak at this stage of growing up.
Delayed puberty
Experts consider the normal start of puberty to be 7–8 years old, and it should end by about 18.
At this time, the body is actively developing, growing, secondary sexual characteristics appear and the female reproductive system is formed.
If everything goes correctly, then after 18 years the girl is ready for sexual activity, capable of conceiving and carrying a child to term. healthy child.
There are two types of abnormalities that indicate hormonal imbalance:
- Early puberty. In girls with this type of deviation, secondary sexual characteristics are formed before the age of 7, menstruation begins long before the due date, and they also experience sharp jumps growth;
- Delayed puberty. In such girls, breasts begin to grow after 16 years, at which time other sexual characteristics are formed. The first menstruation occurs closer to 17–18 years.
Sexual development with erased virilization
With this type of sexual development, both female and male sexual characteristics appear. Hair grows in places where it should not be, and a male-type skeleton is formed. 
Such signs may be accompanied by obesity, acne and stretch marks. This occurs due to abnormalities in the functioning of the adrenal cortex and ovaries, which are transmitted through genes.
Heavy bleeding that is not related to the menstrual cycle is called dysfunctional uterine bleeding. If they occur in girls during puberty, then these are juvenile uterine bleeding.
They usually appear after 2 weeks or several months of delay. They can be very abundant or scanty, but then their duration reaches up to 2 weeks.
A common gynecological problem for girls of this age. The reason lies in the increased mental and physical stress of adolescents, therefore, this pathology is often found in girls who play sports and study in specialized schools and lyceums. 
Signs and symptoms of hormonal imbalance in women of reproductive age
Women, having stepped through the transition period, enter reproductive age. At this stage, the woman can already become pregnant and give birth. But even during such periods, hormonal imbalance can take you by surprise.
A prolonged absence of menstrual bleeding in women of reproductive age, unrelated to pregnancy and breastfeeding, is called amenorrhea. But it has its own types with individual characteristics.
Hypothalamic-pituitary amenorrhea
Signs of occurrence are:
- infectious diseases suffered in childhood;
- heavy physical activity;
- severe and prolonged stress;
- starvation.
As for the symptoms of this type of amenorrhea, they are as follows:
Amenorrhea caused by a malfunction of the adrenal cortex
Causes include:
- Itsenko-Cushing's symptom,
- a pathology characterized by a malfunction of the adrenal cortex, leading to the synthesis of an excess amount of its hormones. Tumors that secrete these hormones may be the culprits.
Symptoms include:
Amenorrhea due to ovarian pathology
One common cause is polycystic ovary syndrome.
Amenorrhea manifests itself in the following:
- obesity types 1 and 2;
- the appearance of hair above the upper lip, on the inner thighs, on the chin;
- stretch marks;
- brittle hair and nails.
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
These are pathological changes in the menstrual cycle caused by disturbances in the level of sex hormones. They manifest themselves in the form of an increase in the volume of blood released or the duration of menstruation. 
It is possible to alternate periods of amenorrhea with subsequent bleeding of varying intensity. The result of these deviations is anemia.
Premenstrual syndrome
Premenstrual syndrome is a complex of symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the cycle, approximately 2–10 days before the start of menstruation.
It can occur in women of any age, but most often occurs after 30 years.
Among the reasons are:
- heredity;
- stress;
- previous gynecological or viral diseases.
Usually starts a week before menstruation, the peak occurs on the first day, then subsides. 
There are about 150 symptoms, the most common of which are:
- headache;
- nausea;
- vomit;
- weakness;
- irritability;
- nervousness;
- tearfulness;
- pressure surges;
- slow pulse;
- pain and engorgement in the chest;
- sensitivity to odors.
Hormonal problems after abortion
Gynecologists warn that abortion has the greatest impact on the body of nulliparous women. It can lead to complete disruption of reproductive function, leading to infertility.
Signs and symptoms of hormonal imbalance in women after an abortion:
Imbalance of hormones after abortion leads to disruption of the menstrual cycle, problems with reproductive function.
Bleeding and inflammation may occur female organs, disturbances in the functioning of the thyroid gland, pituitary gland, adrenal glands. The mammary glands are also susceptible to consequences, from the first day of pregnancy changes occur in them, and after a sharp intervention there is a risk of the formation of nodules and tumors.
Problems after childbirth and recovery period
During pregnancy and after childbirth, a woman’s hormonal background changes significantly, so the body is especially vulnerable at this time.
Under the influence of stress and other unfavorable factors, disturbances in the production of hormones may occur. Normally, the female body recovers within 3-4 months after childbirth. 
If breastfeeding is established, then the hormonal background changes again, the emphasis is on the production of prolactin and oxytocin, hormones involved in milk production and regulation of the entire process breastfeeding.
A few months after breastfeeding ends, hormonal levels return to normal.
If a woman has symptoms and signs of hormonal imbalance, she should immediately see a doctor.
Menopause and decline in reproductive function
After 45 years, the number of eggs in a woman’s ovaries decreases, and after this the level of progesterone and estrogen decreases. The pauses between menstruation become longer, and menstrual cycle gets confused.
If there is no pain and heavy bleeding, then everything is happening correctly, physiologically. 
Sometimes women experience menopausal syndrome.
Climate syndrome includes the following symptoms:
- hot flashes - one of the most common signs, is a sudden rush of blood, which is especially felt in the facial area;
- irritation over trifles;
- fatigue;
- headache;
- vaginal dryness;
- discomfort during sex;
- urinary incontinence;
- nails break;
- hair comes out;
- insomnia;
- pressure changes;
- dyspnea;
- heaviness in the heart area.
All of these symptoms are associated with a lack of estrogen.
What does hormonal imbalance mean for a woman’s health?
When diagnosed with hormonal imbalance in women, symptoms signs can lead to the following serious consequences:
Diagnosis of hormonal imbalance in women
If alarming symptoms are detected, you need to contact an endocrinologist, mammologist and gynecologist.
After examination by specialists, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive examination, which will include general analysis blood, biochemical analysis blood, as well as tests for hormone levels.
Then an ultrasound is performed internal organs to identify the extent of their damage due to hormonal dysfunction.
Note! Hormonal imbalance in women, symptoms, signs must be treated by a doctor. He studies the results of examinations and tests, determines which hormones are produced incorrectly and what needs to be done to normalize their levels.
How to treat hormonal imbalance in women
To correct the balance of hormones, doctors use an integrated approach and act in several directions.
Therapeutics
If symptoms and signs of hormonal imbalance are detected in women, they may prescribe medicines containing artificial and natural hormones. 
Usually prescribed:
- "Mastodinon", restoring the menstrual cycle;
- “Klimadinon” or “Klimaktoplan”, which alleviate the symptoms of menopause;
- "Cyclodinone", regulating the menstrual cycle.
Antipsychotics, homeopathic remedies and calcium supplements can also help.
Use of vitamin complexes
To normalize hormonal balance, experts recommend taking vitamins A, C, E, as well as B vitamins, especially folic acid.
These vitamins perform the following functions:
Available on pharmacy shelves a large number of vitamin complexes to maintain women's health during this difficult period.
The complexes include:
- popular remedy “Qi-Klim”;
- “Complivit” vitamins for women;
- means for normalizing the menstrual cycle “Estrovel” and “Remens”.
Before use, you should consult your doctor regarding the choice of a specific product.
Special diet
When a woman is diagnosed with hormonal imbalance based on signs and symptoms, doctors prescribe a special diet.
You need to include dishes from vegetables, berries, mushrooms in your menu, eat fruits and herbs, as these products contain phytoestrogens. Sprouted wheat, legumes, onions, and chicken eggs are also rich in them. 
In order for the body to produce its own hormones, It is useful to eat foods that contain selenium and zinc. These include greens, nuts, lean beef and pumpkin seeds.
Experts strongly recommend that you exclude from the diet:
- pork;
- condensed milk;
- baking;
- chocolate;
- canned food;
- sausages;
- sausages.
If due to a malfunction the weight has increased significantly, a special hormonal diet is offered. It is aimed at the production of fat-burning hormones, and also suppresses the synthesis of hormones that cause fat deposition - insulin and estrogens.
The first two weeks, fat is burned actively, then little by little, and then the weight is simply maintained at the same level.
Correction of hormonal imbalance using oral contraceptives
To normalize hormone levels, your doctor may prescribe oral contraceptives, for example, “Yarina” or “Diana 35”. In these preparations, hormone analogues are distributed according to the days of the cycle. 
However, such unpleasant side effects, such as vomiting, nausea, and after stopping taking the drugs, the symptoms may intensify.
Correction of hormonal imbalance using an individual selection of hormonal drugs
It is not easy to create an individual treatment plan. The main problem is to choose drugs so as not to disrupt the production of hormones which are now normal.
To increase progesterone levels, Utrozhestan and Duphaston are prescribed.
Reduce testosterone levels with Metipred and Dexamethasone.
Excess estrogen is treated with Clomiphene and Tamoxifen, and deficiency is treated with Divigel and Proginova.
A good endocrinologist can competently draw up an individual plan. 
Treatment of hormonal imbalance with traditional methods
To alleviate symptoms and signs of hormonal imbalance in women, they also use folk remedies, but this is rather an addition to the main treatment.
Black cumin oil is used to correct hormone levels, it has a beneficial effect on the nervous system and increases stress resistance.
Flaxseed oil is rich in phytoestrogens, which have a positive effect on the female body.
For estrogen deficiency, sage is used, it contains phytohormones with estrogen-like effects. 
Important to remember! Only an endocrinologist can conduct a thorough diagnosis and then, based on the clinical picture, select an individual treatment plan. Hormonal imbalances in women, symptoms, signs may differ, and accordingly the treatment will be different.
From this video you will learn about hormonal imbalance in women, its symptoms and signs, as well as ways to restore the body.
Naturally, after all this our relationship cooled. Intimacy is gone. And the worst thing is that when I took the pills, the cycle was regular, but as soon as I tried
get off them - everything came back. During this time I changed quite a lot of doctors, but there was no result until my friend recommended me to a person who helped her with her problem.
She also had health problems, but in a different way. On her advice, I turned to this man (his name is Denis and he is an experienced palmist who practices chirocorrection for people with health problems).
So, after its correction, I forgot about what hormonal imbalance is and its terrible consequences. The cycle has been restored and there have never been any failures.
Unfortunately, I don’t have his data at hand right now, but I remember that if you write “Palmist Denis” in a search engine, the search engine immediately returns his website and VK page.
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