Several dark spruce and fir trees and old cedars. Write out the grammatical basics from the given sentences

Task 22 -2017

Option 1 (“LET’S LEARN”)

1. From sentences 8–11, write down a word with the meaning: “ 1 . only units . Frenzy , unrestrained rage , riot , 2. manifestation unbridled cruelty ».

(8) The kind, affectionate Earth suddenly becomes cruel and merciless towards the people inhabiting it. (9) What makes it, our beautiful planet, become so evil and merciless? (10) People have been thinking about this for a long time, noticing that the fury of natural forces coincides with major social catastrophes that arise in human society: wars, revolutions, religious strife, mental upheavals. (11) Is there some kind of dependence here? (G. Smirnov)

2. From sentences 8–11, write down the word with the meaning: « , , ».

(8) The kind, affectionate Earth suddenly becomes cruel and merciless towards the people inhabiting it. (9) What makes it, our beautiful planet, become so evil and merciless? (10) People have been thinking about this for a long time, noticing that the fury of natural forces coincides with major social catastrophes that arise in human society: wars, revolutions, religious infighting , mental turmoil. (11) Is there some kind of dependence here? (G. Smirnov)

3. From sentences 5–8, write down a word with the meaning: “ 1. obsolete, church-glory knees, chest (usually as a symbol tenderness, motherhood), as well as the womb, womb, sinus. 2. transfer, poet. something that is a refuge, shelter, etc. for someone, anything. 3. portable, high. subsoil or surface."

(1) An oar slipped from the boat.

(2) The coolness melts tenderly:

(3) “Darling! Cute! - It’s light,

Sweet at a glance.”

(4) The swan swam away into the semi-darkness,

(5) In the distance, turning white under the moon,

The waves caress the oar,

They caress towards the moisture of the lily.

(6) I involuntarily catch it with my hearing

The babble of a mirror womb.

(7) “Darling! My dear! I love!"

(8) Midnight looks from the sky. (K. Balmont)

4. From sentences 33–44, write down the word with the meaning: “deliberately false defamatory information or deliberate disseminationfalse information defamatory honor and the dignity of another person or that undermines his or her reputation.”

But if you are the holy power of friendship

Used for malicious persecution;

But if you made an intricate quip

His fearful imagination

And I found proud fun

In his melancholy, sobs, humiliation;

But if he himself is despicably slandered

You were an invisible echo to him;

But if you threw a chain on him

And betrayed his sleepy enemy with laughter,

And he read in your dumb soul

Everything secret with your sad gaze, -

Then go, don’t waste empty speeches, -

You are condemned by the last sentence... (A.S. Pushkin)

5. Complete two tasks:

1) From sentences 1-4, write down a word with the meaning: “1. Withering, drying, (about vegetation). 2. And // transfer decomposition fading (about light, fire, etc.).”

2) From sentences 1-4, write down a word with the meaning: “1. , sequential change of something. 2. a bunch of objects (people, animals, cars, etc.) standing or moving one after another 3. a series of phenomena, events, following one another, replacing each other.”

(1) The stunted rowan gets wet in the rain. (2) But long ago the chattering waters dried up under the grass. (3) Gray fog swirls heavily over the river. (4) In a clear tower, clouds pass in a lazy succession.

6. Complete two tasks:

1) From sentences 2–6, write down a word with the meaning: “long, like a coat, a double-breasted jacket, usually fitted.”

2) From sentences 1–7, write down a word with the meaning: “1. bib, mostly made of white fabric, sewn on or fastened to a man's shirt. 2. patch or insert, sewn or fastened in front to women's or children's dress."

(1)Summer evening. (2) The blue of the sky is becoming more and more invisible in the crimson glow of the sunset. (3) The ringing twilight thickens along the horizon with a violet haze. (4) Choirs of frogs are heard in the shallows, splashes of fish and the whiny cries of seagulls can be heard. (5) A flock of long-tailed swallows landed on a sandbank. (6) Each is wearing a gray-chestnut frock coat with a snow-white shirtfront. (7) And it’s hard to believe that these birds dig two-meter holes in coastal cliffs for their nests. (“Young Naturalist”)

7. Complete two tasks:

1) From the poem, write down a word with the meaning: “a state of extreme fatigue, exhaustion, complete powerlessness."

2) From the poem, write down a word with the meaning: “1. a space that has an unknown, very great depth. 2. trans., decl. a large number of, a bunch of; a lot. 3. transfer ABOUT something infinitely deep, endlessly extending into space or time..."

But in the quiet hour of autumn sunset,

When the wind ceases in the distance,

When embraced by the weak radiance,

Blind night will descend to the river,

When, tired of the violent movement,

From useless hard work,

In an anxious half-sleep of exhaustion

The darkened water will calm down,

When a huge world of contradictions

Satiated with fruitless play, -

Like a prototype of human pain

From the abyss of waters rises before me. (N. Zabolotsky)

8. From sentences 1–9, write down a word with the meaning: “1. on organs of touch. 2. transfer anything."

Court of Memory

(1) You think the fallen are silent.

(2) Of course, yes, you will say.

(3) Incorrect!

(4) They scream

While they're still knocking

Hearts of the living

And the nerves are palpable.

(5) They are not screaming somewhere,

And in us.

(6) They shout for us.

(7) Especially at night.

(8) When there is insomnia in the eyes

And the past crowds behind you.

(9) They scream when there is peace.

(10) When the field winds come to the city,

And the star speaks to the star,

And the monuments breathe as if they were alive.

(11) They scream

And they wake us up, the living,

Invisible, sensitive hands.

(12) They want a monument to them

(13) There was land

With five continents. (E. Isaev)

9. From sentences 5–8, write down the word with the meaning: "one of the social aspects of empathy ( emotional state), formalized form expressing one’s feelings about another person’s experiences.”

(1) Do not hesitate to give up your seat on the tram to your elder.

(2) Be ashamed - do not give in!

(3) Do not celebrate victory over the enemy. (4) Consciousness is enough.

(5) After victory, extend your hand.

(6) Do not speak ironically about your loved one in front of others (even about your favorite animal!), others will leave, but yours will remain.

(7) If you see a stone on the road, remove it, imagine that you are running and breaking your nose; out of sympathy (at least for yourself - in another!) remove it.

(8) Don’t be too angry with your parents, remember that they were you and you will be them. (M. I. Tsvetaeva)

10. From sentences 1–6, write down a word with the meaning: “ 1 . having the ability to attract bring something closer to you. 2. transfer attractive, attractive, alluring."

Merry Birch

(1) The most attractive birch is the spring one. (2) And here's why.

(3) The birch tree in winter looks cold: after all, we look up at it from the snow. (4) There are no words, a beautiful summer birch, but almost all of its attractive whiteness is hidden by leaves, the autumn one also distracts us with leaves - orange, yellow, crimson. (5) But the spring birch tree is all visible. (6) Here it is in front of me: a white trunk, white branches, caressed by the sun, and freckles on the trunk, on the branches... (7) Spring birch. (V. Bocharnikov)

Option 2 (“LET’S LEARN”)

1. From sentences 1–2, write down the word with the meaning: “Corresponding (scientific) Something representing correspondence, similarity, resemblance to something.”

(1) The procedure for approving the norms of the modern Russian literary language when it is used as the state language of the Russian Federation, the rules of Russian spelling and punctuation are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

(2) When using the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation, the use of words and expressions that do not comply with the norms of the modern Russian literary language is not allowed, with the exception of foreign words that do not have commonly used analogues in the Russian language. (From Article 1 of the Federal Law “On the State Language of the Russian Federation)

2. From sentences 1–11, write down a word with the meaning: "An exact example of an established unit of measurement"

3. From sentences 1–11, write down a word with the meaning: « This text representing verbatim recording oral speech using the shorthand method »

(1) Language is the general scheme of all speeches belonging to people of a certain nationality. (2) This general rules, according to which you need to build your speech so that others can understand it. (3) And speech is a private manifestation of language.

(4) Speech is embodied in dialogues, monologues, and transcripts. (5) Language does not exist materially! (6) There is no such safe where a cast standard of the Russian language would be stored. (7) Scientists collect it piece by piece, carefully studying all types of speech activity, create extensive dictionaries, and write scientific grammars.

(8) However, it still exists! (9) In each of you, and in your parents, and in your neighbors. (10) If the language disappears, you will simply stop understanding each other. (11) The presence of language is the most invisible, but the most essential condition of civilization. (According to V. Kolesov)

4. From sentences 1–11, write down the word with the meaning: « Expression, stable combination of words, also in general any complete statement »

(1) Language is the general scheme of all speeches belonging to people of a certain nationality. (2) These are general rules by which you need to structure your speech so that others can understand it. (3) And speech is a private manifestation of language.

5. From sentences 1–7, write down the word with the meaning: "local dialect, dialect"

(1) The basis of the Russian literary language, and therefore literary pronunciation, is the Moscow dialect: it was Moscow that became the unifier of Russian lands, the center of the Russian state. (2) Therefore, the phonetic features of the Moscow dialect formed the basis of orthoepic norms. (3) If the capital of the Russian state were not Moscow, but, say, Novgorod or Vladimir, then the literary norm would be “okanye” (that is, we would now pronounce in[O]yes, not in[A]yes , and if Ryazan became the capital - “yakanye” (that is, we would say in [l " a]su, and not in [l " i]su.

(4) Orthoepic rules prevent errors in pronunciation and cut off unacceptable options. (5) Pronunciation options considered incorrect may appear under the influence of dialect phonetics, urban vernacular, or closely related languages. (6) We know that not all Russian-speaking people have the same pronunciation. (7) In the north of Russia “okayut” and “ekayat”: pronounced v[O]da, g[O]v[O]rit, n[E]su, in the south - “akat” and “yak” (they say v[A]yes, n[I]su) , there are other phonetic differences.

6. From sentences 1–8, write down the word with the meaning: “a house with all its outbuildings and courtyards”

(A.P. Rogov)

7. From sentences 1–8, write down the word with the meaning: « Through, fine mesh »

(1) The peasant of the village of Zuevo, Savva Vasilyevich Morozov, built a simple handloom in his farmstead. (2) He used it to make very beautiful colored ribbons and silk openwork fabric. (3) He worked only with his family: himself, his wife, growing sons and daughters. (4) Everyone has been at this camp all week. (5) On the night of Saturday or Sunday, Morozov put everything he had accumulated into a birch bark box on his back and walked to Moscow. (6) Trot all the way to make it faster. (7) In the morning he will come to the capital, display his wares at the market, or even take them straight home.

(8) Morozov’s fabrics were better than fabrics from other manufacturers, and they were bought very well. (A.P. Rogov)

8. From sentences 1–8, write down the word with the meaning: « Product made from bast, birch bark, splinters and etc., used for storing and carrying various items »

(8) Morozov’s fabrics were better than fabrics from other manufacturers, and they were bought very well. (A.P. Rogov)

9. From sentences 3–7, write down the word with the meaning: "1. Dark or bright red color. "2. Expensive clothes made of red fabric as a sign of luxury and grandeur (obsolete)"

(1) The softest and most touching poems, books and paintings were written by Russian poets, writers and artists about autumn. (2) Levitan waited for autumn as the most precious and fleeting time of the year. (3) Autumn removed the rich colors from the forests, fields, and all over nature, and washed away the greenery of the grove with rain. (4) Made end-to-end dark colors summer. (5) They were replaced by timid gold, purple and silver. (6) Not only the color of the earth changed, but also the air itself. (7) It was cleaner, colder, and the distances were much deeper than in summer. (K. Paustovsky)

10. From sentences 2–5, write down the word with the meaning: « types of commercial or residential buildings; grocery warehouse, bench, covered shed; hunting platform in the trees ».

(2)

Option 3

1. From sentences 3–5, write down the word with the meaning: "adj. Relating to the buying and selling of large quantities of goods.”

(1) In Khokhloma, no wooden utensils or furniture were sharpened, painted or gilded. (2) There was the largest rural trading area in this Volga region, on which there were long brick storage sheds and wooden benches. (3) The largest wholesale fair of wood chips in Russia, in other words, a wide variety of wooden products, sleighs, barrels, ax handles, small furniture, turned painted dishes, and washcloths, was held on this square. (4) Purchase and sale took place in Khokhloma in such volumes that already in the eighteenth century, the unusually beautiful local golden dishes, bowls, ladles and spoons became the most beloved among the common people throughout Russia. (5) It was he who named them after the place of sale - Khokhloma. (A.P. Rogov)

2. From sentences 3–8, write down the word with the meaning: "Navy blue".

3. From sentences 3–10, write down the word with the meaning: "Calm or calm weather with very little wind."

(1) No matter how much you look at the sea, you will never get tired of it. (2) It is always different, new, unprecedented. (3) It changes before our eyes every hour. (4) It’s quiet, light blue, in several places covered with almost white trails of calm. (5) It is bright blue, fiery, sparkling. (6) Then it plays with lambs. (7) Then, under a fresh wind, it suddenly becomes dark indigo, woolen, as if it were being ironed against the pile. (8) Then a storm comes and it changes menacingly. (9) The storm wind drives a large swell. (10) Seagulls fly screaming across the slate sky. (11) The agitated waves drag and throw the glossy body of a dead dolphin along the shore. (12) The sharp green of the horizon stands like a jagged wall above the brown clouds of the storm. (13) Malachite boards of the surf, sweepingly covered with runaway zigzags of foam, crash onto the shore with cannon thunder. (14) The echo rings like bronze in the deafened air. (15) A thin mist of spray hangs like muslin across the entire enormous height of the shocked cliffs. (16) But the main charm of the sea lay in some secret that it always kept in its spaces. (According to V. Kataev)

4. From sentences 5–13, write down the word with the meaning : “Metal temporary stove.”

(1) I read the latest novel by Alexander Chernyaev. (2) An unfinished novel, because Chernyaev died of hunger in Leningrad in 1942. (3) In the evening I read an article about Chernyaev. (4) It talked about how he lived in Leningrad during the siege, how he worked and even went to the front in the very cold, under fire, to speak to the soldiers. (5) And suddenly at the end of the article I read the following, believe it or not:

(6) “In winter, it seems, in January, I went to see Chernyaev. (7) It was cold. (8) We put fragments of a chair into the “potbelly stove”. (9) Suddenly Chernyaev said:

– (10) A strange thing happened to me. (11) The other day I received a parcel. (12) It is unknown from whom. (13) There was condensed milk and sugar.

– (14) You really need this, I say.

(15) And he answers:

– (16) Don’t children need it? (17) I’m an old man, and you should look at the kids in the next apartment. (18) They still have to live and live.

– (19) And you gave them the parcel?

– (20) What would you do in my place, young man? - Chernyaev asked, and I felt ashamed that I could ask such a question. (According to K. Bulychev)

5. From sentences 1–6, write down the word with the meaning: "Remains of ears, stems and other waste from threshing."

6. From sentences 2–8, write down the word with the meaning: "1. Russian measure of length equal to 0.711 meters, used before the introduction of the metric system."

(1) By night the weather becomes very cold and dewy. (2) Having inhaled the rye aroma of new straw and chaff on the threshing floor, you cheerfully walk home for dinner past the garden rampart. (3) Voices in the village or the creaking of gates can be heard unusually clearly in the chilly dawn. (4) It’s getting dark. (5) And here’s another smell: there’s a fire in the garden, and there’s a strong wafting of fragrant smoke from cherry branches. (6) In the darkness, in the depths of the garden, there is a fabulous picture: as if in a corner of hell, a crimson flame is burning near a hut, surrounded by darkness, and someone’s black silhouettes, as if carved from ebony wood, are moving around the fire, while giant shadows from them walking through the apple trees. (7) Either a black hand several arshins in size will fall across the entire tree, then two legs will clearly appear - two black pillars. (8) And suddenly all this will slide from the apple tree - and the shadow will fall along the entire alley, from the hut to the gate itself... (According to I.A. Bunin)

7. From sentences 1–6, write down the word with the meaning: "A platform for threshing compressed bread."

8. From sentences 1–6, write down the word with the meaning: « Peasant low and wide sleigh without a seat, with sides diverging away from the front ».

9. From sentences 2–6, write down the word with the meaning: « Cart, cart for transportation cargo, horse-drawn ».

(1) In winter, when the road became smooth and calm, the potter stacked the dishes in rows in the sledge. (2) To prevent it from beating, they made straw pads. (3) Entering a foreign village, the seller lured the children and ordered them to run and shout through the village huts for gingerbread, because the double winter windows did not allow them to hear what was happening on the street.

(4) After a short time, noisy housewives surrounded the cart and a crowd formed. (5) “How much does this one cost?” - asked the old woman or young woman. (6) “Give a pile full of oats, pour it out and take the pot.”

(7) What did the potters trade? (8) Everything that was required. (9) Large, jug-like vessels with narrow necks were called pots. (10) Grain and other bulk products were stored in them. (11) The bowl, coated with icing around the edges, held a bucket of water and was used for baking pies. (12) Pots of all sizes, small staves, staves or kashniks were used for cooking food and pouring milk, left for sour cream and curdled milk. (13) Resin and tar were stored in bottles with narrow necks. (14) In rylniks they churned sour cream into butter, in ladkas - wide and deep clay plates - they fried and steamed food for everyday life and holidays. (According to V. Belov)

10. From sentences 8–14, write down the word with the meaning: « Clay jug designed for heating milk or butter ».

Option 4

1. From sentence 1, write a synonym for the word “taiga”

(1) A powerful array of trees is approaching me. (2) I still don’t quite understand that this forest is frighteningly quiet. Afraid to break this ominous silence, I enter under the arches of the gloomy green cedar tree. (3) The crunch of a branch under your foot disturbs the peace of the taiga: and now you can clearly hear the rustle of rotten needles under the paws of a small animal, the rustling of bark from the movement of nimble squirrels along tree trunks, the rustle of the strong wings of timid birds. (From the story of V.P. Astafiev)

2. Write down the author’s individual neologism (occasionalism)

(1) How a fat layer is pleasant on a ploughshare,

How the steppe lies in the April twist!

(2) Well, hello, black soil: be courageous, big-eyed...

(3) Eloquent silence at work. (O. Mandelstam)

3. Indicate the name of the term denoting words invented by V. Khlebnikov

A spell of laughter.

Oh, laugh, you laughers!

That they laugh with laughter, that they laugh with laughter,

Oh, laugh merrily!

Oh, the laughter of the laughing ones - the laughter of the clever laughing ones!

Oh, laugh with laughter, the laughter of the laughing ones!

Smeyevo, Smeyevo,

Laugh, laugh, laugh, laugh, laugh,

Laughers, laughers.

Oh, laugh, you laughers!

4. Write down the author’s individual neologism (occasionalism)

Where the waxwings lived,

Where the ate swayed quietly,

Flew by, flew away

A flock of easy times.

Where they ate quietly,

Where the youths sang a cry,

Flew by, flew away

A flock of easy times... ( V. Khlebnikov)

5. Write down the author’s individual neologism (occasionalism)

Restless chickens cluck

Above the shafts of the plow,

There is a harmonious mass in the yard

The roosters are crowing.

And in the window on the canopy there are slopes,

From the timid noise,

From the corners the puppies are shaggy

They crawl into the clamps. (S. Yesenin)

6. From sentences 1-3, write down the author’s individual neologism (occasionalism)

(1) Silver bell,

You sing? (2) Or is the heart dreaming?

(3) Light from the pink icon

On my golden eyelashes.

(4) Let it not be me that gentle youth

In the splash of dove wings,

My dream is joyful and gentle

About an alien forest. (S. Yesenin)

7. From sentences 7-10, write down the author’s individual neologism (occasionalism)

(1) Dawn calls out to another,

The oatmeal surface is smoking...

(2) I remembered you, dear,

My decrepit mother.

(3) As before, walking up the hill,

Clutching your crutch in your hand,

You are looking at the lunar buttress,

Floating on a sleepy river.

(4) And you think bitterly, I know

With great anxiety and sadness,

What is your son's native land?

Doesn't hurt at all.

(5) Then you go to the churchyard

And, staring straight at the stone,

You sigh so gently and simply

For my brothers and sisters.

(6) Even though we grew up with knives,

And the sisters grew like May,

You are still alive eyes

Don't get sad.

(7) Enough of mourning! (8) Enough!

(9) And it’s time for you to take a peek,

That the apple tree also hurts

Lose your copper leaves.

(10) After all, joy is rare,

Like a spring bell in the morning,

And I - rather than rotting on the branches -

It's better to burn in the wind . (S. Yesenin)

8. From sentences 2-6, write down the author’s individual neologism (occasionalism)

(1) Sweetheart’s hands - a pair of swans -

They dive into the gold of my hair.

(2) Everything in this world is made of people

The song of love is sung and repeated.

(3) I sang too once far away

And now I sing about the same thing again,

(4) That’s why he breathes deeply

A word imbued with tenderness.

(5) If you love your soul to the bottom,

The heart will become a block of gold.

(6)Only Tehran moon

Will not warm the songs with warmth . (S. Yesenin)

9. From sentence 2, write down the author’s individual neologism (occasionalism)

(1)Like the skeletons of skinny cranes,

There are plucked willows standing,

Melting fins copper.

(2)Golden eggs of leaves on the ground

A wooden belly cannot warm them,

If the chicks are not hatched, they will hatch. (S. Yesenin)

10. From the sentence, write down the author’s individual neologism (occasionalism)

Then, when it became easier,

When the shaking stopped,

On the fifth day in the evening

My cold has subsided. (S. Yesenin)

Option 5

(material taken from the bank open tasks)

1. From sentences 6-8 write down the word with the meaning: « motley mixture of heterogeneous elements »

2. From sentence 8, write down a synonym for the words “ sleek, well-groomed, cherished »

(1) The aroma of recently blossoming gillyflowers and mignonette spread in the air like a fragrant stream. (2) The lilac, like a bride, stood with swollen buds. (3) Brush-trimmed acacias formed living green walls, and tiny garden sofas and cast-iron round tables comfortably hid in them. (4) In these niches, reminiscent of green nests, I wanted to relax. (5) In general, the gardener knew his business well. (6) In winter, camellias bloomed, and in early spring, tulips and hyacinths pleased the eye. (7) Cucumbers and fresh strawberries were served in February; in the summer the garden turned into a fragrant flower garden. (8) Only a few dark spruces, fir trees and old cedars eloquently testified that these well-groomed lilacs, acacias, poplars and thousands beautiful flowers, covering flower beds and beds with flowery mosaics, were grown in the north. (According to D. Mamin-Sibiryak)

3. From sentence 3, write down a contextual synonym for the word niches (sentence 4)

(1) The aroma of recently blossoming gillyflowers and mignonette spread in the air like a fragrant stream. (2) The lilac, like a bride, stood with swollen buds. (3) Brush-trimmed acacias formed living green walls, and tiny garden sofas and cast-iron round tables comfortably hid in them. (4) In these niches, reminiscent of green nests, I wanted to relax. (5) In general, the gardener knew his business well. (6) In winter, camellias bloomed, and in early spring, tulips and hyacinths pleased the eye. (7) Cucumbers and fresh strawberries were served in February; in the summer the garden turned into a fragrant flower garden. (8) Only a few dark spruces, fir trees and old cedars eloquently testified that these well-groomed lilacs, acacias, poplars and thousands of beautiful flowers that covered the flowerbeds and beds with a flowery mosaic were grown onnorth. (According to D. Mamin-Sibiryak)

4. From sentence 8, write down a synonym for the words “ short, condensed »

(1) The study of the psychology of children's friendship is an important area of modern scientific research. (2) This is explained by the fact that friendships are the most important need of children adolescence. (3) It is at this time that the awareness of one’s own individuality and the gradual comprehension of the concepts of “friend”, “comrade”, “buddy” occur. (4) However, these conclusions of scientists are not new. (5) Science confirms those observations described in classical works fiction. (6) Prominent writers different eras, nationalities and literary movements have long told the world about the first childhood friendship. (7) It arises between peers and largely determines the development of their characters and characteristics of human behavior in the future. (8) This is exactly what one of the proverbs says in an extremely laconic form: “The kind of friendship you make, the kind of life you will lead.”

5. Write the name of the term denoting the words “see, listen, verb”

Rise up prophet, and see and hear.

Be fulfilled by my will

And, bypassing the seas and lands,

Verb burn people's hearts. ( A.S. Pushkin)

6. From the sentence, write down a synonym for the words “ walk, go »

It was good for them to walk along this remote path, splash their bare feet on the dewy grass, listen to the birds and talk about intelligent nature, which foresaw everything and saved everything for the benefit of all living things.

7. From the sentence, write down a synonym for the words “ make noise, make noise, be naughty »

(1) The jokes gradually died down. (2) Distrust gave way to curiosity. (3) The poorest ones approached the holes and, giggling, tried the water. (4) And they immediately jumped back. (5) And the most curious one, gaping at the edge, was pushed right into his clothes. (6) And he, no longer trying to get out, continued to swim to the laughter and encouraging shouts from the crowd.

(7) Then several guys climbed up at once, groaning and aahing, as if frightened by rotten water, but it was clear that they were not at all afraid, because they immediately began to make a fuss: splashing, splashing, releasing fountains from their mouths...

8. From the sentences, write down a synonym for the words “ strongly, very, extremely, very, extremely »

(1) We rented a boat and rowed upstream. (2) The river was humble, all along its reaches and banks overgrown, here and there illuminated by yellow lamps of water lilies and very clogged with forest from spring rafting.

9. From the sentence, write down a synonym for the words "boy, teenager, young man" »

And they were so different: Zakhar - a strong black-haired man, with curly hair, you can barely let it go a centimeter, Andryusha - Nesterov's blue-eyed youth, with white light curls bleached by the sun, which he grabbed with a red scarf.

10. Write down the spoken word

Have you tried it? - I glanced at the cheese.

Dad said it was delicious.

Of course it’s delicious, since he devoured it yesterday on both cheeks!

“But now you don’t act like you’re having lunch for the last time,” I laughed. -

Option 6

1. From sentences 1-7, write down a word with the meaning: “ Thick large format book ».

(1) Reading aloud at home brings us closer together. (2) When the whole family reads the same book together for several evenings in a row, this involuntarily entails an exchange of thoughts. (3) If the book is large and read for a long time, it turns into a family friend, its characters come to life and enter our house.

(4) When I look at the books that are on our shelves, I can mentally divide them into several sections: real volumes, works of classics, modern books, reference books, dictionaries, textbooks, and so on. (5) But I can mentally put together on a special shelf the books that we read together and out loud. (6) We know them, remember them, love them like no other.

(7) How to choose a time so that several family members can gather at the table at once? (8) Can't find the right time? (9) It’s there to watch TV together! (10) Don’t we sometimes sit in front of him for hours, even when nothing special is shown? (11) The page of a book is a huge screen, which even the best TV never dreamed of!

(12) I advise you, I ask you, I persuade you - try it! (13) Try reading at home together and out loud! (14) There was something about reading together at home, if people of different generations remember it with excitement and gratitude . (S. Lvov)

2. From sentences 20–25, write down a well-known phraseological proverb, which is used in this text in a truncated form

(1) Earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, volcanic eruptions bring losses and casualties for which people are not to blame - we do not yet know how to regulate the elements. (2) For which you have to pay. (3) However, some forces of nature are already under control, and if they still harm us, it is only through the fault of people.

(4)Thunderstorm. (5) One of the majestic atmospheric phenomena. (6) The discharge voltage reaches a million volts, the current is hundreds of thousands of amperes. (7) But we can confidently say: for more than a hundred years, not a single object equipped with working lightning protection has been struck by lightning. (8) Not a single one! (9) The nature of thunderstorms was studied by Lomonosov and Franklin more than two hundred years ago, and now the calculation of lightning protection of any object is included in students’ course projects and is considered a very easy task. (10) You just need to constantly monitor the serviceability of these simple devices, as required by the rules. (11) And it’s completely in vain to blame heavenly “arrows” for forest fires, although there are no lightning rods in the taiga. (12) Fires burn not from heavenly fire, but from earthly fire.

(13) “Electrical” fires are no less surprising. (14) For some reason, short circuits are called the cause of these fires. (15) They say, what can you do: the wires are stupid, they are shorted - what can you get from them? (16) But there has not been, is not and will not be a fire in the world from a short circuit - the cause of the fire is a malfunction of the protective device.

(17) Winter is accompanied by natural phenomena, called frosts. (18) And... failures of water pipelines, pipelines, central heating systems... (19) But even a 60-degree frost did not and will not lead to the destruction of these communications - they break from the ice into which water turns during a power failure. (20) In these cases, if the heat supply cannot be quickly restored, it is necessary to drain the water from the system, for which special valves are provided. (21) The operation is simple and straightforward, isn’t it? (22) But they don’t drain it. (23) Ice forms in pipes and radiators; its volume is slightly larger than that of water, but this “slightly” is quite enough to destroy the radiator. (24) And then they spend weeks, months in the cold repairing the heating system, which was broken by carelessness. (25) And every year - the same rake. (26) Maybe not everyone knows the proverb: “If you spare a penny, you will pay with a ruble”? (27) Everyone knows. (28) But why fuss, maybe the thunder won’t strike, and the winter will be warm (the climate, they say, is changing). (29) And if trouble strikes, in a disaster you can always Blame it on an atmospheric phenomenon. (According to G. Chernikov)

3. From sentences 8–15, write down a phraseological unit with the meaning: “ unanswered call ».

(2) “Please,” he says quite seriously to the baby, “you can go for a walk, but let me or your mother know.”

(According to N. Gal)

4. From sentences 5–11, write down a phraseological unit with the meaning: “ raise the alarm ».

(1) A young father strictly reprimands his four-year-old daughter for running out into the yard without asking and almost getting hit by a car.

(2) “Please,” he says quite seriously to the baby, “you can go for a walk, but let me or your mother know.”

(3) This is not an invention of a feuilletonist, but a genuine, inadvertently overheard conversation.

(4) Or they write seriously in an article about the work of the space station crew: “They took (!) samples of exhaled air.” (5) This fence would not have flown into space if they had not been embarrassed to say simply: the astronauts took samples. (6) But no, it’s undignified!

(7) You hear, see, read this - and you want to ring the alarm bell again and again, cry out, beg, persuade: BEWARE OF THE OFFERER!

(8) This is the most common, most malignant disease of our speech. (9) Once upon a time, a rare expert on the Russian language and a wizard of words, Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky, branded it with an accurate, murderous name. (10) His article was called “Clerical”, and it truly sounded like an SOS. (11) I do not dare say that it was the voice of one crying in the desert: fortunately, there are knights who, sparing no effort, fight for the honor of the Word. (12) But, alas, we must face the truth: the office does not give up, it advances and expands. (13) This is a cursed and harmful disease of our speech. (14) Alien, destructive cells are rapidly growing - hateful cliches that carry no thoughts, no feelings, not a penny of information, but only clog and oppress the living, useful core.

(15) We are so poisoned by clericalism that sometimes we completely lose our sense of humor. (16) And not in a novel, but in life, in the most ordinary setting, a completely modest person seriously says to another: “I express my gratitude to you.” (According to N. Gal)

5. From sentences 1-10, write down a word with the meaning: “ having lost his good name and worthy position in society.”

(1) Is mercy practiced in our lives? (2)...Is there a constant compulsion for this feeling? (3) Do we often receive calls to him? (4) In “Monument,” where every word is pronounced in this way, Pushkin sums up the merits of his poetry with the classical formula:

And for a long time I will be so kind to the people,

That I awakened good feelings with my lyre,

That in my cruel age I glorified freedom

And he called for mercy for the fallen.

(5) No matter how you interpret the last line, in any case it is a direct call for mercy. (6) It would be worth following how Pushkin persistently pursues this theme in his poetry and prose. (7) From “The Feast of Peter the Great”, from “ The captain's daughter", "The Shot", "The Station Agent" - mercy for the fallen becomes a moral requirement for Russian literature, one of the highest duties of a writer. (8) During the 19th century, Russian writers called for seeing in such a downtrodden, insignificant official of the fourteenth class, like a stationmaster, a person with a noble soul, worthy of love and respect. (9) Pushkin’s covenant of mercy for the fallen permeates the works of Gogol and Turgenev, Nekrasov and Dostoevsky, Tolstoy and Korolenko, Chekhov and Leskov.

(10) This is not only a direct call for mercy like “Mumu”, but it is also an appeal of writers to the humiliated and insulted heroes, the orphaned, the wretched, the endlessly lonely, the unfortunate, to the fallen, like Sonechka Marmeladova, like Katyusha Maslova.

(11) The living feeling of compassion, guilt, and repentance in the works of great and small Russian writers grew and expanded, thereby winning popular recognition and authority.

(12) Calling for mercy for the fallen - nurturing this feeling, returning to it, calling for it - is an urgent necessity, difficult to assess. (13) I am convinced that our literature, especially today, cannot abandon Pushkin’s testament. (According to D. Granin)

6. From sentences 1-7, write down a word with the meaning: “ make it accessible to the people ».

(1) Galina Ulanova had universal fame. (2) And the uniqueness of her personality in the artistic culture of the twentieth century becomes more and more obvious over the years.

(3) Ulanova belongs to those rare artists who open up new possibilities in their art. (4) She, we are not afraid to say, democratized the art of ballet. (5) By means of dance and plastic arts, she conveyed the most complex experiences of her heroines, conveyed thoughts “with the clarity of daylight.” (6) The great ballerina brought unprecedented authenticity to the conventional genre of ballet. (7) To dance Shakespeare, and so that they say about it that this is really a Shakespearean image, that such a Juliet did not even exist in drama, means to reveal new page ballet art.

(8) She has no equal in the “poetry of dance”, in the art of dance expressiveness. (9) She created not just unforgettable images, but created her own artistic world - the kingdom of human spirituality” - and introduced the audience to it, gave them “a new gift of feeling and understanding of the world,” as pianist S. Richter noted.

(According to E. Bruskova)

7. From sentences 28-31, write down the word with the meaning: “ well developed, capable of performing complex tasks ».

(27) It’s nice to do science because it, like an umbrella over your head, protects you from small, corrosive, landslide troubles, not allowing them to rule your soul. (28) Resentment towards a friend who said something wrong, criticism from superiors, a scandal in the family, an incomprehensible illness - any negative factor loses its power as soon as we plunge into the world of our own research. (29) Even the most skillful brain is not able to simultaneously classify accumulated material and accumulated troubles. (30) In this regard, science is beneficial for health. (31) Science helps to survive even trouble, because, although for a short time, it strongly and firmly takes possession of the affected consciousness. (According to V. Kharchenko)

8. From sentences 5-12, write down a word with the meaning: “out of use, outdated, outdated”

(1) Selfless and true friend The book was named by the outstanding Russian writer Leonid Leonov. (2) A young programmer called the book a pile of dusty paper in one of his recent TV shows. (3) His words sounded childishly pugnacity; he probably wanted to tease the silent audience with his audacity, and several enthusiastic fans rewarded the young “troublemaker” with applause. (4) No, I’m not at all going to groan about the deterioration of morals, I understand very well the laws of television talk shows, where outrageousness and shocking bravado are needed in order to give a spicy taste to boring and banal conversations. (5) It seemed strange to me, offensively strange, the submissive, kind of mournful, funeral silence of the adult audience.

(6) We somehow very obediently agreed that the book was hopelessly outdated and now its place is among dusty museum exhibits. (7) Today we are surrounded by very useful and smart machines: microwave ovens, vacuum cleaners, home theaters, refrigerators... (8) All this technology has made human life more comfortable and freed up a lot of time. (9) Now you don’t have to carry water from a well, you don’t have to wring out washed clothes, you don’t have to go to the other end of the city to watch a sensational film! (10) Everything is nearby, almost any desire can be fulfilled instantly, as if by magic, with a slight movement of the hand. (11) And against the background of these fashionable machines, studded with buttons, toggle switches, blinking lights, a tight stack of stitched paper seems to many to be something archaic, some kind of ridiculous rudiment that accidentally survived in the turbulent streams of progress.

(12) No, the book has not become worse, it still fulfills its purpose, it just as patiently and kindly teaches a person, selflessly passes on to him the wisdom carefully collected by our ancestors. (13) But we have changed, we imagine ourselves as the owners of some untold riches, the conquerors of some unattainable spiritual heights... (14) But in fact, we are simply fooling ourselves: we were told that what is fashionable is necessary, that all new better than that what happened before . (According to I. Kosolapov)

9. From the sentences, write down a word with the meaning: “ composition and relative arrangement of parts of a structure »

(1) By the end of the 19th century, the largest ships were battleships. (2) Covered with thick iron plating and armed with heavy guns, they then represented a real miracle of technology. (3) Their design embodied the latest achievements in the fields of mechanics, heat engineering, communications, electrical engineering, and optics. (4) Their power was especially impressive against the backdrop of the situation in the ground armies, which, having also received new weapons, still retained their previous structure and methods of conducting combat operations. (5) Therefore, it was assumed that it was the squadrons of battleships, having met each other in a general battle, that would decide the outcome of the coming war. (6) And the cruisers, somewhat less well armed, but with greater speed and range, were intended for reconnaissance and leading battleships to combat positions.

10. From sentences 1 – 8, write down the individual author’s word (occasionalism)

(1) People want to be happy - this is their natural need. (2) But where does the very core of happiness lie? (3) (I’ll note right away that I’m only thinking, and not expressing truths that I myself only strive for.) (4) Does it lie in a comfortable apartment, good food, smart clothes? (5) Yes and no. (6) No - for the reason that, having all these wealth, a person can suffer from various spiritual adversities. (7) Does it lie in health? (8) Of course, yes, but at the same time no.

(9) Gorky wisely and slyly noted that life will always be bad enough for the desire for the best not to fade away in humanity. (10) And Chekhov wrote: “If you want to be an optimist and understand life, then stop believing what they say and write, but observe and delve into it yourself.” (11) Pay attention to the beginning of the phrase: “If you want to be an optimist...” (12) And also - “look into it yourself.”

(13) In the hospital I lay in a cast up to my chest for almost six months on my back, but when the unbearable pain passed, I was cheerful. (14) The sisters asked: “Rozov, why are you so cheerful?” (15) And I answered: “What? It’s my leg that hurts, but I’m healthy.” (16) My spirit was healthy. (V. Rozov)

The main thing is to prepare for the reception of Evgeniy Konstantinich, whom you know well, and also know what you need to do. Maisel and Vershinin will not lose face, and you will only have the rest. There will be a lot of trouble for you, Raisa Pavlovna, but it’s a nightmare, but God be merciful... For my part, I will try to inform you about everything that will be done here. Maybe Evgeny Konstantinych will change his mind about going to the factories, just as he could not get around to going there for twenty years earlier. And I’ll also tell you that during the winter season, Evgeny Konstantinich was very interested in one ballerina and, despite all Prein’s efforts, they still could not achieve anything from her, although it cost them large thousands.”

A third dispatch was sent for Rodion Antonich. Raisa Pavlovna began to lose patience, and purple spots appeared on her face. At the moment when she was completely ready to flare up with uncontrollable lordly anger, the door to the office silently opened, and Rodion Antonich himself carefully crawled through. He first stuck his gray, shaved head with squinting gray eyes into the open half of the door, looked around cautiously, and then, with a suppressed groan, tumbled his entire plump bulk into the office.

You... what are you doing to me?! - Raisa Pavlovna spoke with loud notes of restrained anger.

I? - Rodion Antonich was surprised, adjusting his summer Kolomyanka coat.

Yes, you... I sent for you three times, but you sit in your chicken coop and don’t want to know anything in the world. This is finally shameless!!.

Sorry, Raisa Pavlovna. After all, it’s still ten o’clock in the yard.

Look at it! - the angry Raisa Pavlovna shoved a crumpled letter under Rodion Antonich. - All you know is that it’s your tenth hour...

From Prokhor Sazonych... - Rodion Antonych said thoughtfully, arming his fleshy nose with tortoiseshell glasses and first examining the letter from afar.

Yes, read... ugh!.. It’s like an old woman getting off the stove...

Rodion Antonich sighed, moved the letter far away from his eyes and slowly began to read it, line by line. According to his melted, fat face it was difficult to guess the impression this reading made on him. He began to wipe his glasses several times and re-read the dubious passages. Having read everything to the end, Rodion Antonich once again examined the letter from all sides, carefully folded it and thought about it.

It will be necessary to consult with Platon Vasilich...

Yes, you seem to be completely crazy today: I will consult with Platon Vasilich... Ha-ha!.. That’s why I called you here!.. If you want to know, Platon Vasilich will not see this letter as his own ears. Couldn't you really think of anything stupider to advise me? Who is Platon Vasilich? - a fool and nothing more... Finally, speak up or get out of where you came from! What drives me most crazy is this person who is traveling with General Blinov. Noticed that the word individual emphasized?

Exactly so, sir.

This is what infuriates me... Prokhor Sazonych will not waste his time emphasizing words.

No, it won’t... Oh, it won’t! - Rodion Antonich spoke in a whiny voice. - And about me there is: “they are opposed to Sakharov in particular”... I can’t make out anything!..

If Laptev had traveled only with General Blinov and Prein, all this would have been nothing, but here a person got involved. Who is she? What does she care about us?

Rodion Antonich made a sour grimace and only raised his sloping, fat shoulders upward.

There was a heavy silence in the office. A nameless bird was merrily singing in the garden; the rushing breeze bent the fluffy tops of lilacs and acacias, burst through the window with an odorous stream and flew on, raising light ripples on the pond. The sun's rays played in whimsical patterns on the walls, sliding bright sparks across the golden baguette and spreading soft light tones on the massive wallpaper patterns. With a subtle buzzing, some green fly flew into the room, circled over the desk and crawled along Raisa Pavlovna’s hand. She shuddered and woke up from her thoughts.

It’s Tetyuev and Maizel who are letting the mechanics down,” said Rodion Antonich.

And again it’s stupid: he reported such news! Who doesn’t know this... well, tell me, who doesn’t know this? And Vershinin, and Maisel, and Tetyuev, and everyone has long wanted to push us out of our place; Even I can’t vouch for you in this case, but this is all nonsense and that’s not the point. Tell me: who is this person who is traveling with Blinov?

Don't know.

So find out! Oh, my God! God! Be sure to find out, and today!.. Everything depends on this: we must prepare. It’s strange that Prokhor Sazonych didn’t try to find out about it... Probably some kind of metropolitan burning.

Here’s what, Raisa Pavlovna,” Rodion Antonich spoke, taking off his glasses, “after all, Blinov, it seems, studied with Prozorov...

So it will be possible to find out from Prozorov.

Oh, really... How did this not occur to me? Really, what's better! So, so... You, Rodion Antonich, go to Prozorov right now and find out everything from him. After all, Prozorov is a talker, and you can learn everything in the world from him... Excellent!..

No, it would be better for you to go to Prozorov yourself, Raisa Pavlovna... - Rodion Antonich spoke with a sour grimace.

Why?

Yes, so... You know that Prozorov hates me...

Well, this is nonsense... He hates me, just as he hates the whole world.

Still, it’s more convenient for you, Raisa Pavlovna. You visit Prozorov, and I...

Well, to hell with you, go back to your chicken coop! - Raisa Pavlovna interrupted angrily, tugging at the sonnet. - Afanasya! Get dressed... and lively!.. You come in in two hours, Rodion Antonich!

“Oh, this is rubbish,” thought Rodion Antonich, crawling out of the office.

His sunken face, shining with a greasy tan, was now wrinkled into a sad smile, like that of a doctor whose most trusted patient had just died.

Half an hour later, Raisa Pavlovna descended from the open veranda into the dense and shady master’s garden, which draped the shore of the pond with a green patterned opening. She was now wearing a dress of blue alpaca, trimmed with expensive lace; The beautifully gathered ruffles were caught under the throat by a turquoise brooch. In her hair, gathered in her morning hairstyle, someone else's braid, which Raisa Pavlovna had worn for a very long time, was successfully hidden. And in the suit, and in the hairstyle, and in the demeanor - everywhere there was some kind of false note that gave Raisa Pavlovna the unattractive appearance of an outdated courtesan. However, she knew this herself, but she was not embarrassed by her appearance and even seemed to be deliberately flaunting the eccentricity of her costume and her semi-masculine manners. What destroys other women in public opinion did not exist for Raisa Pavlovna. In the witty language of Prozorov, this feature of Raisa Pavlovna was explained by the fact that “let suspicion not touch Caesar’s wife.” After all, Raisa Pavlovna was just such Caesar’s wife in the small factory world, where everyone and everything bowed to her authority in order to slander her behind her back. How clever woman Raisa Pavlovna understood all this perfectly and seemed to enjoy the picture of human meanness unfolding before her. She liked that those people who trampled her into the dirt, at the same time fawned and humiliated themselves in front of her, flattered and insulted her vying with each other. It was even piquant and pleasantly tickled the frayed nerves of Caesar’s wife. To get to Prozorov, who, as the chief inspector of factory schools, occupied one of the countless outbuildings of the manor house, it was necessary to pass a series of wide alleys that intersected at the central platform of the garden, where music was played on Sundays. The garden was arranged on a grand lordly scale. Greenhouses, greenhouses, flower beds, alleys and narrow paths beautifully dotted the green strip of the coast. The aroma of newly blossoming gillyflowers and mignonette filled the air with a fragrant stream. The lilac, like a bride, stood all drenched in swollen, engorged buds, ready to unfold from hour to hour. Brush-trimmed acacias formed living green walls, in which small green niches with tiny garden sofas and cast-iron round tables were comfortably hidden here and there. These niches looked like green nests where one was just drawn to rest. In general, the gardener knew his business well and for the five thousand that the Kukar plant management allocated to him annually specifically for the support of the garden, greenhouses and greenhouses, he did everything that a good gardener could do: in winter his camellias bloomed perfectly, in early spring his tulips and hyacinths; cucumbers and fresh strawberries were served in February; in the summer the garden turned into a fragrant flower garden. Only a few separate compartments from dark spruces and fir trees and up to a dozen old cedars eloquently testified to the north where these well-groomed lilacs, acacias, poplars and thousands of beautiful flowers bloomed, covering the flowerbeds and beds with a bright flowery mosaic. Plants were Raisa Pavlovna’s weakness, and every day she spent several hours in the garden or lay on her veranda, from where she had a wide view of the entire garden, the factory pond, the wooden frame of the buildings surrounding it and the distant surroundings.

To get to Prozorov, who, as the chief inspector of factory schools, occupied one of the countless outbuildings of the manor house, it was necessary to pass a series of wide alleys that intersected at the central platform of the garden, where music was played on Sundays. The garden was arranged on a wide lordly scale. Greenhouses, greenhouses, flower beds, alleys and narrow paths beautifully dotted the green strip of the coast. The aroma of newly blossoming gillyflowers and mignonette filled the air with a fragrant stream. The lilac, like a bride, stood all drenched in swollen, engorged buds, ready to unfold from hour to hour. Brush-trimmed acacias formed living green walls, in which small green niches with tiny garden sofas and cast-iron round tables were comfortably hidden here and there. These niches looked like green nests where one was just drawn to rest. In general, the gardener knew his business well and for the five thousand that the Kukar plant management allocated to him annually specifically for the support of the garden, greenhouses and greenhouses, he did everything that a good gardener could do: in winter his camellias bloomed perfectly, in early spring his tulips and hyacinths; cucumbers and fresh strawberries were served in February; in the summer the garden turned into a fragrant flower garden. Only a few isolated clumps of dark spruce and fir and up to a dozen old cedars eloquently testified to the north where these well-groomed lilacs, acacias, poplars and thousands of beautiful flowers bloomed, covering the flowerbeds and beds with a bright flowery mosaic. Plants were Raisa Pavlovna’s weakness, and every day she spent several hours in the garden or lay on her veranda, from where she had a wide view of the entire garden, the factory pond, the wooden frame of the buildings surrounding it and the distant surroundings.

The view of the Kukarsky plant and the mountains surrounding it on all sides from the manor’s garden, and especially from the veranda of the manor’s house, was remarkably good, like one of the best Ural panoramas. The center of the picture, like a full dish filled to the brim, was occupied by a large oval-shaped factory pond. To the right, two hills were connected by a wide dam; on the nearest one, the Kukar factory headquarters with its manor house flaunted its Greek colonnade, and on the opposite side a rare pine ridge swayed with its shaggy peaks. From a distance, these two hills looked like gates into which the Kukarka mountain river flowed, in order to further make a knee under a steep wooded mountain, ending in a rocky peak with an airy chapel at the very top. Along these hills and along the shore of the pond, strong factory houses lined up into regular wide streets; Between them, the iron roofs of rich men gleamed in bright patches of green and the stone houses of local merchants gleamed white. Five large churches stood out in the most prominent places.

Now, under the dam, where the lively Kukarka seethed angrily, huge factories rumbled with a dull shudder. In the foreground, three blast furnaces were smoking; thick smoke always trailed from the lattice iron boxes like a black tail, cut through by sheaves of bright sparks and shaggy tongues of escaping fire. Nearby stood a black-mouthed water sawmill, into which, as if alive, rows of logs were crawling, whistling and wheezing. Further on, dozens of all kinds of pipes rose and the roofs of individual buildings hunched over in regular rows, like the armor of a monster that was tearing up the ground with iron paws, filling the air over a long distance with a metallic clang, suppressed by the squeal of spinning iron and a restrained grunt. Next to this kingdom of fire and iron, the picture of a wide pond with houses clinging to it and a forest green across the mountains involuntarily attracted the eye with its spaciousness, freshness of colors and distant aerial perspective.

Prozorov's outhouse stood in the northern corner of the garden, where there was absolutely no sun. Raisa Pavlovna entered the open door of the half-rotten, rickety terrace. There was no one in the first room, as well as in the next one. These small rooms with faded wallpaper and prefabricated furniture seemed especially pitiful and miserable to her today: there were traces of dirty feet on the floor, the windows were covered with dust, and terrible disorder reigned everywhere. There was a smell of musty dampness coming from somewhere, as if from a cellar. Raisa Pavlovna winced and shrugged her shoulders contemptuously.

“This is some kind of stable...” she thought disgustedly, looking into the next narrow, dimly lit room.

She stopped in the doorway hesitantly when Mephistopheles’ recitative reached her ears from the depths:

The beauty is a little outdated...

– Is it you, Vitaly Kuzmin, who are practicing on my account? – Raisa Pavlovna asked cheerfully, crossing the threshold.

- Queen Raisa! what destinies!.. - spoke a short, thin gentleman, rising from the torn oilcloth sofa.

- Hello, great man... to small things! – Raisa Pavlovna responded cheekily, extending her hand to the eccentric owner. – Were you singing something like that just now?

“Yes, yes...” Prozorov spoke hastily, straightening the tie that had gotten loose around his neck. - Indeed, he sang... I saw these blue clothes, this false braid, this painted face - and sang!

– If all your wit today lies in the pronoun this, then this is a little boring, Vitaly Kuzmich.

- What to do, what to do, my dear! aged, stupid, exhausted... Nothing lasts forever under the sun!

-Where can you sit here? – asked Raisa Pavlovna, searching in vain for the chair.

- Well, please go to the sofa! Make yourself comfortable. However, what fate brought you, Queen Raisa, to my den?

– For old times’ sake, Vitaly Kuzmich... Once upon a time you wrote poems for a woman in blue clothes.

- Oh, I remember, I remember, Queen Raisa! Let me kiss your hand... Yes, yes... Once upon a time, long, long ago, Vitaly Prozorov not only recited other people’s poems to you, but also soared for you. Ha-ha... It even turns out to be a pun: soared and soared. So, sir... All life consists of such puns! Then, remember this spring moonlit night... we rode on the lake together... How I see everything now: it smelled of lilacs, somewhere a nightingale was singing! you were young, full of strength, and destinies, obeying the law...

Do you remember a wonderful moment;
You appeared before me,
Like a fleeting vision
Like a genius of pure beauty...

Prozorov pressed his graying head to Raisa Pavlovna’s hand, and she felt large tears dripping onto her hand... She felt terrified from a double feeling: she despised this unfortunate man who had poisoned her life, and at the same time some kind of warm feeling vaguely awakened in her. feeling for him, or rather, not for him personally, but for those memories that were associated with this curly-haired and still beautiful head. Raisa Pavlovna did not take her hands away and looked at Prozorov with large, fixed eyes. This is a narrow face with goatee and large, dark, hot eyes were still beautiful with some kind of restless, nervous beauty, although curly dark hair For a long time now they had been glistening with gray hair, like silvery mold. The same mold covered Prozorov’s living, witty brain, which was decaying from its own work.

“And now,” Prozorov spoke, interrupting the heavy pause, “I look at the ruins of my Troy, which reminds me of my own destruction.” Yes, yes... But I still find a little poetry:

I quietly locked the doors
And alone, without guests,
I drink to Mary's health,
My dear Mary...

Prozorov’s “office,” which occupied a narrow passage room, something like a corridor, was thoroughly saturated with the smoke of cheap cigars and the smell of vodka. Stripped desk, pushed towards the inner wall, was littered with books that lay there in the most poetic disorder. There were sheets of scribbled paper and an empty vodka bottle lying around. In the corner of the room there was a bookcase with books, in the other there was an empty bookcase and a broken chair with a back embroidered with colored silk. The owner's rumpled, careless suit matched the decor of the office: summer coat the canvas had shrunk from the wash and unattractively narrowed his already narrow shoulders; the same trousers, a crumpled shirt and uncleaned, rusty boots completed the suit. Raisa Pavlovna was ready to feel sorry for this pitiful old man, who had already noticed this fleeting movement, and a contemptuously impudent smile slid across his thin face, which Raisa Pavlovna was especially familiar with.

“And I came to you for Lusha...” Raisa Pavlovna spoke in a businesslike tone, feeling a little embarrassed.

“I know, I know...” Prozorov responded hastily, tousling his hair with a familiar gesture. - I know what the matter is, but I don’t know what...

- I told you so.

- Oh, yes... I believe, Lord, help my unbelief. For Lusha... Yes.

- But yours is quite big. You need to take care of her...

- Absolutely right!

What kind of commission, creator,
To be a father to an adult daughter!

“Especially such a father as fate so unfairly rewarded poor Lusha with.”

- Yes, but I am only unfair to my daughter in a negative way, while you instill the most positive evil with your influence.

- Exactly?

“You’re filling her head with rags and various woman’s philosophies.” At least I don’t interfere in her life and leave her to her own devices: nature - best teacher who never makes mistakes...

“And I would reason the same way if I didn’t love your Lusha.”

- You? Did you love? Stop, Queen Raisa, playing hide and seek; we both seem to be a little outdated for such trifles... We are too selfish to love anyone other than ourselves, or, more accurately, if we loved, we also loved ourselves in others. So? And you, besides, still know how to hate and take revenge... However, if I respect you, I respect you precisely for this sweet quality.

- Thank you. Frankness for frankness; throw away this old trash and better tell me what kind of person General Blinov is, with whom you studied.

- Blinov... General Blinov... Yes, Miron Blinov. Prozorov stopped and, looking at Raisa Pavlovna with his malicious smile, said:

- So that’s why you came to me!

- What of this?

– Why did you need Blinov? Again some tricky combination in the field of politics...

– If I ask, it means I need to know, and why it’s needed is my business. Got it? Womanish curiosity prevailed.

- That’s what I asked... So you need to send a certificate about Miron Gennadyich through me? If you please... Firstly, this is a very honest person - the first trouble for you; secondly, he is a very smart person - the second problem, and thirdly, he, fortunately for you, considers himself smart person. Of such smart and honest people You can twist ropes, although skill is required. However, Blinov is insured against your womanish politics... Ha ha!..

– I don’t find anything funny in that; that Miron Gennadyich is under the strong influence of one person who...

“...Which is as ugly as a stuffed pea,” Prozorov picked up the well-placed remark, “as old as a priest’s dog, and smart as the devil.”

– Don’t you know who this person is?

- N-no... It seems that they are girls of easy reading or cooks, but not high-flying at all. Ha-ha!.. Imagine this combination: Blinov is a university professor, acquired a well-known name for himself as a political economist and a bright financial head, then, as I already told you, good man in all respects - and suddenly this same General Blinov, with all his learning, honesty and excellence, sits under the shoe of some freak. I still understand such a mistake, because I once had the misfortune of being carried away by a woman like you. After all, you once loved me, Queen Raisa...

- I? Never!..

- A little?

-Have you seen this person who has the general under her shoe? – Raisa Pavlovna interrupted this frank question.

- From afar. One can say about her in the words of farcical wits that from a distance she is ugly, and the closer she gets, the worse. Listen, however, why are you confessing all this to me?

“And you still can’t guess that this is a secret,” Raisa Pavlovna answered with a smile, “and, as you know, you can’t be trusted with secrets.”

“Yes, yes... I’ll blab everything out: my tongue is my enemy,” Prozorov agreed with a semi-comical sigh.

Raisa Pavlovna sat in Prozorov’s closet for another half hour, trying to find out from her talkative interlocutor something else about the mysterious person. In such cases, Prozorov did not force himself to ask and began to tell such details that he did not even bother to embellish in any way for the sake of probability.

“Well, it seems like you’re that way...” noted Raisa Pavlovna, getting up from her seat.

- God kill me if I'm lying!

To give his stories a touch of reality, Prozorov delved into the memories of his own youth, when he, as a student, occupied a tiny closet with Blinov on the 17th line of Vasilyevsky Island. It was a nice time, although Blinov was one of the dumbest students. He definitely didn’t show any hope, he crammed recklessly, and in general he was an ordinary person and the most pitiful mediocrity. Afterwards, their paths diverged, and now Blinov is a prominent scientist and an excellent person, while Prozorov is drowning alive in vodka.

-Who tells you to drink? – Raisa Pavlovna said sternly, trying not to look at her interlocutor.

-Who is forcing me? – asked Prozorov, running both hands through his gray curls.

- Yes, you...

- Eh, Queen Raisa... Why are you asking me? - Prozorov groaned. – You know this whole story very well: Vitaly Kuzmich’s soul hurts, so he drinks. I once thought about moving a mountain, but tripped over a straw... You know, the other day I came up with a very good theory, which can be called victim theory. Yes, yes... Any movement forward and in any sphere requires its sacrifices. This is an iron law!.. Take industry, science, art - everywhere the ends that we admire are redeemed by a number of victims. Every machine, every improvement or invention in the field of technology, every new discovery requires thousands of human sacrifices, namely in the person of those workers who, thanks to these benefits of civilization, are left without a piece of bread, who are cut and crushed by some stupid wheel, who sacrifice their own children from the age of eight... The same thing is happening in the field of art and science, where every new truth, every work of art, rare pearls of true poetry - all this has grown and matured thanks to the existence of thousands of losers and unrecognized geniuses. And note, these victims are not an accident, not even a misfortune, but only a simple logical conclusion from a mathematically correct law. So I ranked myself among these losers and unrecognized geniuses: our name is legion... The only consolation that remains for us when the Blinov generals are prospering and blissful next to us is the thought that if it weren’t for us, there really wouldn’t be wonderful people. Yes, sir...

Prozorov stopped in front of his listener in a tragic pose, the kind that bad provincial actors “throw out”. Raisa Pavlovna was silent, without raising her eyes. Prozorov’s last words resonated in her heart with a painful feeling: there was, perhaps, too much truth in them, the natural continuation of which was the whole chaotic atmosphere of Prozorov’s housing.

“And note,” Prozorov improvised, starting to run from corner to corner, “how we all, such lackluster minds, are plagued by reflection: we won’t take a step without looking back and looking at ourselves... And everywhere it’s that damned me!” And of course! We don’t have a real, specific occupation - so we dig into our own little soul and pull out various rubbish from there. The main thing is that I realize that such a situation is the most recent thing, because it is created by a modest desire to correct oneself in the eyes of contemporaries. Ha-ha!.. And how many of us are such artists? There are even those lucky people who manage to enjoy the reputation of smart people throughout their entire lives. I thank God that I am not one of them, at least... A scrambled egg - or rather, a chatterbox - and that's the end of it.

– What is it that bothers you?

- Oh, yes... The soul?.. And she, Queen Raisa, hurts about what I could have done and did not do. The most difficult feeling... And so in everything: in social activities, in your profession, especially in personal affairs. You go there and, lo and behold, you have arrived in a completely different place; if you want to bring benefit to a person, you end up causing harm, if you love a person, they pay you with hatred, if you want to improve, you only sink deeper... Yes. And there, in the depths of your soul, a sort of devilish worm is sucking: after all, you are smarter than others, after all, you could be both this and that, after all, you ruined your happiness with your own hands. This is where mate comes in, even a noose around the neck!

- Why do I love you? – Prozorov suddenly interrupted his train of thoughts. “I love you for exactly what I lack, although I myself, perhaps, would not want to have it.” After all, you have always crushed me and now you crush me, even crushing me with your real merciful presence...

- I'm leaving.

- One more word! - Prozorov stopped his guest. - My song is sung, and there is nothing to say about me, but I want to ask you for one thing... Will you fulfill it?

- I don’t know what the request is.

– It doesn’t cost you anything to fulfill it...

- To promise without knowing what is, at the very least, stupid.

Prozorov suddenly knelt down in front of Raisa Pavlovna and, grabbing her hand, said in a breathless whisper:

– Leave Lusha alone... Hear: leave her! I met you in an unfortunate moment and paid dearly for this pleasure...

– And I don’t seem to be cheap!

- But my girl is not to blame, neither in soul nor in body, for our mistakes...

“Stop making a joke, Vitaly Kuzmich,” Raisa Pavlovna spoke sternly, heading towards the exit. - It’s enough that I love Lusha much more than you and I’ll take care of her...

– Are your hangers-on with whom you entertain your guests not enough?! – Prozorov shouted angrily, clenching his fists. “Why are you dragging my girl into this cesspool?” Oh my God, my God! It’s not enough for you to see dozens of vile people crawling and groveling at your feet, their humiliation and voluntary shame is not enough, you also want to corrupt Lusha! But I won’t allow this... This won’t happen!

“You forget only one small circumstance, Vitaly Kuzmich,” Raisa Pavlovna noted dryly, stopping at the door, “you forget that Lusha is a very big girl and can have her own opinion, her own desires.”

Prozorov stopped, thought something, waved his hand and asked in a somehow fallen voice:

- Tell me, at least, why did you confess to me about General Blinov?

Raisa Pavlovna just shrugged her shoulders and smiled contemptuously. She breathed more freely when she found herself in the open air.

“Fool!..” she said energetically, walking along the bird cherry alley towards the central platform.

Transcript

1 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN STATE AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION OF ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN Regional testing work (RPR) WORK OF 8TH CLASS STUDENTS IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Option 1 STUDENT'S NAME, LAST NAME CLASS, LETTER EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION DISTRICT, CITY DATE OF COMPLETION OF THE WORK

2 8TH GRADE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Option 1 Instructions for completing the work These instructions will help you properly organize your time and successfully complete the work. You are given 60 minutes to complete diagnostic work in the Russian language. The work consists of 20 tasks. You must formulate the answers to these tasks yourself. Read each task and the suggested answer options carefully. Answer only after you understand the question and have analyzed all the answer options. Complete the tasks in the order in which they are given. To save time, skip a task that you cannot complete immediately and move on to the next one. If you have time left after completing all the work, you can return to the missed tasks. Write down your answers on the ANSWER FORM; Try not to make corrections as this will result in a score reduction of 1 or more. Sign the form under the guidance of the teacher. Please format your answer according to the requirements of the task. The points you receive for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score as many points as possible. We wish you success! Part 1 Read the text and complete tasks 1 5. (1) The aroma of recently blossoming gillyflowers and mignonette spread in the air like a fragrant stream. (2) The lilac stood all with heavily swollen buds. (3) Acacia trees trimmed with a brush formed living green walls, and tiny garden sofas and cast-iron round tables comfortably hid in them. (4) In these niches, reminiscent of green nests, I wanted to relax. (5) In general, the gardener knew his business well. (6) In winter, camellias bloomed, and in early spring, tulips and hyacinths pleased the eye. (7) Cucumbers and fresh strawberries were served in February; in the summer the garden turned into a fragrant flower garden. (8)... several dark spruces, fir trees and old cedars eloquently testified that these well-groomed lilacs, acacias, poplars and thousands of beautiful flowers that covered the flowerbeds and beds with a flowery mosaic were grown in the north. (According to D. Mamin-Sibiryak)

3 Indicate which language device is used to connect sentence 6 with the previous one: lexical repetition synonym antonym personal pronoun demonstrative pronoun adverb particle introductory word Which of the words below should be in the gap in the eighth (8) sentence of the text. Total Therefore Only Yes Then From the eighth (8) sentence, write down grammar basics. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which the participial phrase is NOT a separate member of the sentence. Indicate what part of speech the word GROWED from the eighth (8) sentence of the text is. Part 2 Read the text and complete the tasks (1) Beef is the meat of a cow or bull as food. (2) Next to the word beef there is a cognate adjective beef “from beef”. (3) This gives us the opportunity to identify in the noun beef (except for the ending -a) the root beef- and the suffix in. (4) The suffix in- in the word beef is the same as in the nouns mutton, horse meat, sturgeon, salmon, formed from the words ram, horse, sturgeon, salmon. (5) However, the original word beef, from which the noun beef was formed using the suffix, was lost in the Russian language over time. (6) This word is common Slavic and it meant “cattle.” (7) And it appeared as a suffixal derivative from the root gov-, related to the Latvian guovs “cattle”, the Armenian kov “cow”, German kuh “cow”. (8) Thus, analyzing the history of the word beef, we observe a happy coincidence of its modern meaning, which we find in dictionaries (“meat of a cow or bull as food”), with its etymological, original meaning.

4 Task 6. What is the purpose of the author of this text? Write your answer in one or two sentences. Task 7. Indicate the numbers of sentences that talk about the different fate of the words ram, horse, sturgeon, salmon, on the one hand, and the words beef, on the other. Task 8. What types of analysis (analysis) presented in the text in relation to the word beef made it possible to establish its etymological root gov? Task 9. Indicate two answer options that contain correct explanation spellings -Н- and -НН- in the words of the text. 1)EDUCATED (sentence 4) -NN- is written because it is a verbal derivative with the suffix -NN-; 2) EDUCATED (sentence 5) -N- is written because it is a short adjective; 3) SINGLE-ROOT (sentence 2) -НН- is written because in the adjective one N refers to the root (root), and the other to the suffix; 4) LOST (sentence 5) adjective; -N- is written because it is short 5) RELATIVE (sentence 7) -NN- is written because this word was formed from the noun relative, which already has NN-. Task 10. From sentences 1-4, write down a word with an alternating unstressed vowel in the root. Task 11. From sentences 1-3, write down a word in which the spelling of the prefix depends on the deafness/voice of the sound indicated by the letter following the prefix. Task 12. In which row when writing both words should one be guided by the rule “The spelling of unstressed personal endings and participle suffixes depends on the conjugation”? Write out this series, adding your own example. Exists, formed We find, existing Gives, lost Educated, appeared

5 Task 13. Indicate two answer options that contain the correct explanation for the continuous spelling NOT in the following words of the text. 1) NON-DERIVATIVE (sentence 5) PARTICIPLE, continuous because there is a prefix; 2) NON-DERIVATIVE (sentence 5) adjective, continuous, can be replaced with a synonym simple; 3) NOTHING (sentence 4) is a pronoun, continuous, because the emphasis does not fall on NI; 4) NOTHING (sentence 4) is a pronoun, continuous, because it is not divided by a preposition; 5) NON-DERIVATIVE (sentence 5) participle, continuous, because there are no dependent words. Task 14. What participles and gerunds are formed from the verb FIND incorrectly? Please provide answer numbers. 1) finding 2) having found 3) finding 4) found 5) finding Task 15. The students wrote a summary based on the given text. They conveyed the content of sentence 3 in different ways. Indicate the number(s) of the sentence(s) in which there is no grammatical error. 1) Dividing a word into morphemes, the root and suffix are identified. 2) In a word divided into morphemes, the root and suffix are distinguished. 3) As a result of morphemic analysis, we select the root and suffix. 4) In a word divided into morphemes, we select the root and suffix. Task 16. Which of the highlighted words is an epithet? Write down this epithet. ORIGINAL word (sentence 5) LUCKY coincidence (sentence 8) MODERN meaning (sentence 8) EXISTING dictionaries (sentence 8) ORIGINAL meaning (sentence 8)

6 Task 17. From sentences 5-7, write down a word with the lexical meaning “to lose someone something, to lose someone something.” Task 18. Sentence 7 contains the word DERIVATIVE. Give an antonym for it. Task 19. In the sentence below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the number(s) indicating the comma(s) on the border of the participial phrase(s). The suffix in- in the word beef is no different from the suffix in the nouns lamb, (1) horse meat, (2) sturgeon, (3) salmon, (4) formed from the words ram, (5) horse, (6) sturgeon, (7 ) salmon and have long lived in our language. (8) Task 20. Among sentences 7-8, find a sentence with a separate circumstance, expressed by an adverbial phrase. Write the number of this offer.

7 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN STATE AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION OF ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN Regional testing work (RPR) WORK OF 8TH CLASS STUDENTS IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Option 2 STUDENT'S NAME, LAST NAME CLASS, LETTER EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION DISTRICT, CITY DATE OF COMPLETION OF THE WORK

8 GRADE 8 RUSSIAN LANGUAGE OPTION 2 Instructions for completing the work This instruction will help you properly organize your time and successfully complete the work. You are given 60 minutes to complete diagnostic work in the Russian language. The work consists of 20 tasks. You must formulate the answers to these tasks yourself. Read each task and the suggested answer options carefully. Answer only after you understand the question and have analyzed all the answer options. Complete the tasks in the order in which they are given. To save time, skip a task that you cannot complete immediately and move on to the next one. If you have time left after completing all the work, you can return to the missed tasks. Write down your answers on the ANSWER FORM; Try not to make corrections as this will result in a score reduction of 1 or more. Sign the form under the guidance of the teacher. Please format your answer according to the requirements of the task. The points you receive for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score as many points as possible. We wish you success! Part 1 Read the text and complete tasks 1 5. (1) With these almost imperceptible movements, the Volga, the largest river in Europe, the main water street of Russia, begins its run. (2) You just have to wait patiently, and you will see: the water will suddenly stir with barely noticeable ripples. (3) This is the heart of the Volga beating! (4) You are standing on the shore at the source of the Volga. (5) It accommodated on its banks hundreds of cities and towns, countless villages and hamlets, millions and millions of people. (6) It is under this shy sky that it rolls its waters from year to year, from century to century, intertwining its fate with the fate of the Russian state, with the fate of its peoples. (7) The river begins its journey with the tiny Volga-girl, and ends with Volga-mother, Volga-worker (According to N. Eliseev)

9 Outline the sequence of sentences in the first paragraph so that the text becomes coherent. Write down from the text figurative and expressive means (at least 3) that help convey the author’s perception of what is depicted; label them with appropriate terms. From the sixth (6) sentence, write down the grammatical basis. Insert a word in place of the gap, completing the syntactic characteristics of the sixth (6) sentence of the text: The sixth sentence of the text is simple, two-part, complicated. Determine what part of speech the word HUNDREDS (from the fifth (5) sentence) is and indicate its initial form. Part 2 Read the text and complete the tasks (1) The expression “see the root” arose as a naive aphorism by Kozma Prutkov, a funny and sweet poet, talentedly invented by Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy and the Zhemchuzhnikov brothers. (2) This statement is true in its generally accepted generalized metaphorical, purely phraseological meaning: “delve into the very essence of any phenomenon, pay attention to the most important thing.” (3) But it is also true in another, narrowly linguistic meaning: “look at the root of the word.” (4) In fact, when analyzing a word, it is impossible to determine either its relatives, or its morphemic composition, or methods of word formation, if we do not consider its most important, most important part, that is, if we do not recognize the root contained in it. (5) Words, according to the apt definition of the French linguist A. Vaillant, are not only roots, but also green shoots. (6) There is no doubt that the root in the word is its most necessary accessory. (7) There are no words without a root. (8) Looking for the root, we touch the most profound and unchangeable characteristics of the word. (According to N.M. Shansky) Task 6. What is the goal of the author of this text? Write your answer in one or two sentences. Task 7. Indicate the number of the sentence, which explains what information about the word we can get by referring to its root. Task 8. Write the number(s) of the sentence(s) in which the author(s) of the aphorism(s) is mentioned.

10 Task 9. Indicate two answer options that contain the correct explanation of the spelling -N- and -NN- in the words of the text: 1) INVENTED (sentence 1) participle; NN is written in the suffix -ANN-; 2) RELATIVE (sentence 4) noun; as many N are retained as there are in the generating word related; 3) UNDOUBTEDLY (sentence 6) adverb; suffix -ENN-; 4) DEEP (sentence 8) adjective; the stem of the word depth, from which the adjective was formed, ends in N, and the suffix N is added to it; 5) RELATIVE (sentence 4) noun; the suffix EN and the suffix NIK are combined - Task 10. From sentences 5-8, write down a word with an alternating unstressed vowel of the root. Task 11. From sentences (3) (4), write down the word(s) in which the spelling of the prefix depends on the dullness/voice of the sound denoted by the letter following the prefix. Task 12. In which row when writing both words should one be guided by the rule “The spelling of unstressed personal endings and participle suffixes depends on the conjugation”? Write out this series, adding your own example. invented, touching the contained, is identified, know, searching, happens Task 13. Indicate two answer options that contain the correct explanation of the continuous spelling NOT in the words of the text. 1) UNDOUBTEDLY (sentence 6) adjective; without NOT not used; 2) UNDOUBTEDLY (sentence 6) adverb; there is a synonym without NOT, for example unconditionally; 3) NECESSARY (sentence 6) participle; without NOT not used; 4) NECESSARY (sentence 6) participle, no dependent words; 5) NECESSARY (sentence 6) adjective, cannot be used without NOT.

11 Task 14. What participles and gerunds are formed from the verb INCREASE incorrectly? Please provide answer numbers. 1) penetrating; 2) delved into; 3) delving into; 4) delving into; 5) penetrated. Task 15. Students wrote a statement based on this text. They conveyed the content of sentence 8 in different ways. Indicate the number(s) of the sentence(s) in which there is no grammatical error. 1) By searching for the root, the deepest features of the word are preserved. 2) Looking for the root, we touch upon the deep features of the word that are not subject to change. 3) We touch upon the most impervious signs of the word to change. 4) Looking for the root, we touch upon the deep features of the word that are not subject to change. Task 16. Which of the highlighted words is an epithet? Write down this epithet. NAIVE aphorism (sentence 1); PHRASEOLOGICAL meaning (sentence 2); IMPORTANT part (sentence 3); MORPHEMIC composition (sentence 4); NECESSARY accessory (sentence 6). Task 17. From sentences 5-6, write down a word with the lexical meaning “young branch, plant stem with leaves.” Task 18. From sentences 1-2, write a synonym for the verbs BEGIN, BEGINNING. Task 19. In the sentence below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the number(s) indicating the comma(s) on the border of the participial phrase(s). The expression "see the root" arose as a naive aphorism by Kozma Prutkov, (1) a funny and sweet poet, (2) talentedly invented by Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy and the Zhemchuzhnikov brothers. (3)

12 Task 20. Among sentences 6-8, find a sentence with a separate circumstance, expressed by an adverbial phrase. Write the number of this offer.

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Several dark spruce and fir trees and old cedars. Write out the grammatical basics from the given sentences

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