How are fine motor skills useful? Fine motor skills of the hands: what they are and recommendations for the development of motor skills

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The maturation and growth of children is a very peculiar process, which is distinguished by many subtleties and nuances. And every person who is a parent must certainly take a direct part in the development of his child. And this means not only, as they say, teaching the mind and mind, sending it to kindergarten and school, but also providing the child with everything necessary for normal life, but also more subtle actions. One of these is the development fine motor skills.

What are fine motor skills?

The expression “fine motor skills” by physiologists means the movement of small muscles of the hands. But here it is very important to keep in mind hand-eye coordination, because development small movements hands is carried out using vision.

Why do you need to develop fine motor skills?

The question of why it is necessary to develop fine motor skills is very relevant, because Many people don’t understand why this is needed at all.

To begin with, it is worth noting that in general hand motor skills are most directly developed with the development of speech. And this is far from a myth, as it might seem at first glance. Research by scientists has shown that, from an anatomical point of view, approximately a third of the total area of the motor projection of the cerebral cortex is occupied by the projection of the hands, which is located very close to the speech zone.

Taking this into account, an assumption has emerged according to which subtle movements of the fingers have a formative and developmental effect on the child’s speech function. For this reason, if you want to teach your child to speak, you should not only train his articulatory apparatus, but also develop fine motor skills in every possible way, namely, the movement of his fingers.

But there is something else that definitely needs to be mentioned: fine motor skills of the hands develop not only speech. In addition, it interacts with thinking, motor and observation skills, coordination and attention.

It is also necessary to develop fine motor skills for the reason that the whole future life is still little man will require him to use coordinated and precise movements of his hands and fingers. Take at least very basic actions: fastening and unbuttoning buttons and locks, tying shoelaces, putting on and taking off clothes, drawing and writing, working with a computer and much more. It would seem simple, but a person will not be able to perform any of this properly if his fine motor skills are not developed.

But when should you start developing fine motor skills?

When should I start developing fine motor skills?

Experts recommend that children begin developing fine motor skills at eight months of age. It is during this period that the fingers will already be amenable to active training. You can, of course, start developing fine motor skills earlier by inviting your child to play with objects of different shapes and sizes, as well as with special toys, which, by the way, are easily made from what you have at home, but it is not a fact that there will be a result . So, eight months is the most optimal period.

And the next completely logical question would be: “What are the ways to develop fine motor skills?” This is exactly what we will answer below.

By and large, the choice of means for developing fine motor skills is quite diverse. Moreover, the more methods you use, the more effective and complete the classes will be, and the result will become more tangible.

So, let's look at the most common and popular ways to develop fine motor skills.

Games with small pebbles, buttons, beads and cereals

Games with small pebbles, buttons, beads and cereals have an excellent developmental, healing and tonic effect on the child’s body. However, they should always be carried out under the supervision of an adult so that the child does not accidentally get hurt or eat one of the above items.

Such games include:

Drawings from cereals. A piece of cardboard is taken and the child draws any image on it, for example, the sun. Then you need to take the safest glue and apply it along the contour of the drawing, and the child should put, for example, peas, beans or buckwheat on these lines. This game serves as an excellent workout for the muscles of the hands and fingers.
Exercise using forceps. You need to give the child tongs and ask him to put beads, peas, etc. into a bottle with a narrow neck.
Exercise using tweezers. The child is given tweezers, and with its help he transfers from one container to another and sorts small toys or the same cereal. In addition, it is very effective if the baby uses tweezers to transfer small toys or cereals into some kind of shaped container, for example, into an ice mold or for baking cakes.
Sorting small items by size, shape and color. Ask your child to sort cereals, buttons, or beads by color, size, or shape.

Finger games

“Finger” games are a kind of dramatization of any stories, most often rhyming, using fingers. You can start playing such games even up to one year, and then continue, slightly complicating your finger movements. You can play until the end of primary school age.

Most of these games involve the use of two hands, thanks to which children begin to understand what “down”, “up”, “left”, “right”, etc. are. To obtain the greatest effect, these finger exercises must be structured in such a way that tension, relaxation, clenching and unclenching of the hands alternately change, and isolated movements of all fingers are also involved.

Modeling from clay, plasticine or salt dough

Today it is a well-known fact that working with such “materials” as clay, plasticine and salty dough Perfectly develops fine motor skills and also has a wonderful effect on the imagination.

What you can do:

Cover glass bottles with plasticine and shape them into teapots, vases, jugs, etc.
Lay out specific designs from plasticine in the form of balls, sausages on cardboard or plywood
Make impressions on clay, dough or plasticine by pressing on them with your fingers, toys, coins, buttons, etc.
Make balls, rings, sausages, then cut into separate pieces, and then put them together again (you can shape individual pieces)
Make several different parts and put them together into a composition (you can prepare the elements yourself, and after that give them to the child to work with)

Exercises using additional objects

In addition to the fact that exercises using additional objects are very exciting and entertaining, they excellently contribute to the development of spatial imagination.

Among these games are:

Mosaic. To begin with, it is enough that the baby simply inserts mosaic elements into the base. Subsequently, you should specify a specific image or shape for the child to post it. The ideal option would be a mosaic with different hats.
Abacus. Give your child the task of moving the counting rings from one end to the other. To develop counting skills, you can also move the rings in order.
Threads. This refers to the usual winding and unwinding of threads on various objects. You can, for example, select figures of some animals in advance, and the child will wrap them with threads, giving them color. These same figures can be used for games.
Paper clips. To play this game, you will need regular colored paper clips and several sheets of colored paper. The task is to collect leaves of the same color into a small bundle, and then fasten them with the same paper clip.
Bolts and nuts. Nothing fancy is required - just large bolts and nuts. And the point of the game is even simpler - screw the nuts onto the bolts.
Clothespins. Take clothespins and attach them to rope, cardboard or any other base. The task can also be complicated: some identification marks are glued onto the base and clothespins, for example, colored cards or letters, and the child attaches the clothespins to the corresponding bases.

In fact, this list of games for developing fine motor skills is not exhaustive. For this purpose, you can find some other games or come up with your own. Remember that anything is suitable for developing motor skills: water, sand, laces, wire, paper, etc. and so on.

And one more thing: developing fine motor skills is useful not only for children, but also for adults, so even if you don’t have children, go to the store for plasticine, and we assure you, the evening will be usefully spent.

Any parent understands the importance of child development. Gymnastics, massages, special toys and cards serve this purpose physically and intellectually. No less important for the baby is the development of his fine motor skills. When should you start working with your child?

The benefits of developmental activities

Fine motor skills of the fingers are necessary for us in everyday life, for writing and work. But the functionality of these vital skills does not end there. Physiologists have long proven the close connection between children’s ability to perform small actions with their hands and their speech.

The sooner and better baby develops his fine motor skills, the sooner and clearer he will speak.

This close connection comes from the adjacent location of motor and speech centers in humans. When a child actively uses his fingers, nerve impulses are transmitted to the corresponding part of the brain and affect the nearby area responsible for the ability to speak.

Activities that develop fine motor skills will be useful not only for the child’s speech. In eastern countries they believe that on the pads of each finger we have special areas, by stimulating which we can influence absolutely all systems of our body.

Thus, the development of fine motor skills cannot but have a beneficial effect on the health and development of the baby. When should you start working with your child? Experts believe that The development of baby's fingers should begin from the first days.

For your training to bear fruit, it must be done daily. It is not necessary to devote a lot of time to training - it is enough to start with 2-3 minutes while the child is in a good mood.
Be sure to praise your baby for his achievements and encourage him with hugs and kisses.
Make sure that the “props” are clean and sterile—babies in their first year of life tend to put everything in their mouth.
Use objects of different sizes and textures for activities - this is how the baby will learn to control his hands and begin to explore the world and the properties of the objects that surround him.

Development in the first 3 months

Activities can be devoted to the development of fine motor skills in 1-year-old children from the very first days. The sooner you start interacting with your baby and teaching him to pick up objects, the sooner he will be able to move on to manipulating small objects.

In the first three months, finger massage will be useful for the development of the baby’s arms.. It should be done at any convenient moment - during air baths, during short periods of wakefulness, or when the baby falls asleep.

Gently stroke each of your newborn's fingers from palm to tip;
Gently stretch your child’s fingers, Special attention giving them to the ends;
It will be useful to tickle the baby’s palms and fingers at those moments when he unclenches his fists;
Gently unclench the baby's fists, stroke and bend the fingers again.

Such gymnastics will help to quickly relieve muscle tone in the baby’s arms, improve the formation of his tactile experience and prepare the child for further success.

Development up to 5 months

In the fourth month of life, children begin to control their hands better. During this period, it is important to actively use the grasping reflex that has not yet died out and “put” toys under the baby’s palms.
Now it is more convenient for the baby to grab a variety of rattles. Give them to him alternately in his hands - even short episodes of holding objects in the fist will be incredibly useful for the development of the baby. Gradually, the duration of the grip will increase, and the baby will study the rattle with interest.
It is important to choose for activities with the baby various toys- so that they differ in material, shape and grip option. Give your child objects from different directions so that his palms and fingers learn to turn.
Useful for the development of motor skills in infants at this stage will be homemade “rosary beads” - buttons, large beads, wooden spools strung on a short cord, which the baby will finger in his fingers, enriching his tactile experience and stimulating the pads of his fingers.
Encourage the baby to reach out with his hands - to your face, to outstretched toys.
When you notice that the baby has begun to “use” both hands and is touching himself, you can put a sock or mitten on one of them. The baby will actively try to look, feel and remove new object from yourself.
Continue finger massage to speed up the removal of muscle tone from your arms. You can play traditional games with your child (for example, “White-sided Magpie”) and straighten and bend the baby’s fingers to the rhythmic verses.

From 5 to 7 months

An infant is already actively interested in toys, explores them and holds them in his hands for a relatively long time. To continue the development of the baby at this stage, it is important to select only useful objects for the baby.

Toys with rings and beads that can be fingered are useful for children’s hands during this period. There is no need to spend money on expensive ones gaming centers or educational toys - you can make several sets of short beads with different stringed objects for your baby.
At this age, children like to press various kinds buttons. Useful in play area there will be keyboards for children musical instruments, old keyboard and interactive toys.
Continue to develop your baby tactilely - sew several bags from pieces of fabric that feel different to the touch, fill them with interesting contents - peas, beans, sand, buckwheat, pasta, semolina - sew them tightly and give them to the child.
You can sew additional bright buttons and ribbon bows onto the bags - it will be interesting and useful for the baby to feel them and try to tear them off.
Kids at this age not only get great pleasure from finger games, but they are also quite demanding in asking you to work with them, so at every convenient opportunity, repeat “Magpie White-sided” and “Finger Boy” with the baby.
Surround your baby on the play mat with objects different sizes— by grabbing small and large cubes and balls, the baby will continue to actively develop the abilities of his hands.

From 7 to 9 months

The child’s “grasping” activity increases significantly from the second half of the year. He is interested in more and more new objects that he needs to touch, however, he gets bored with them quite quickly. Continue to develop your baby by inviting him to touch completely different objects - not only purchased expensive toys are suitable for this, but also absolutely any non-hazardous household items: new kitchen foam sponges, lids, clean food trays, clothespins, etc.

When playing with small objects, never leave your child alone.

Already, the baby’s arsenal is being replenished with new toys, with which he gradually learns to interact. You can buy the baby:

a pyramid, which the baby will only disassemble for now;
active developmental centers where you need to press, move, touch something;
rubber squeakers that need to be squeezed in the palm of your hand;
textile cubes;
floating bath toys.

From 9 months to a year

During this period, the baby makes progress literally every day. Now he already has favorite activities and toys that can keep him busy for a while. The baby's fingers are already moving well enough to begin to master the necessary skills.

Offer your baby toys that require “calibration” when inserting them into each other (sets of cups, moulds).
The baby will be delighted with all sorts of boxes and containers that need to be opened. It will be good if, after lifting the lid, a pleasant surprise awaits the little one inside.
Containers with wide screw-on lids will also be useful for your baby’s motor skills and the development of his skills.
Introduce the “grabbing” technique into everyday games - roll a ball for your baby, ask him to give you some object, hide toys from him under the diaper and ask him to find the “lost thing”. Such varied movements will be beneficial for the baby's hands.
By the age of one year, some children already have enough patience to work with large sorters - toys into which parts of different shapes must be inserted.
Bathroom games are also becoming more diverse. A child can catch small toys and put them in a basin, pour water from one container to another, etc. All these seemingly simple activities require a lot of concentration and dexterity from the baby.
A child can be alone for a long time, getting carried away with his games. But still, you should not leave the baby unattended - not only for safety reasons. You must be there to teach your child new ways to interact with surrounding objects and guide activities.
By the age of one year, children become interested in playing in the sandbox. If it’s not summer outside, you can arrange such activities at home - with sand or semolina. The baby is unlikely to be able to turn over the beads, but he is quite capable of filling them with his hands. For such games, you can cover the floor with oilcloth or play with loose materials at the table.

As you can see, in order to develop a baby’s motor skills, it is not at all necessary to purchase expensive specialized toys; everything you need for activities with your baby is always at home. Daily exercises, your care and love will help the child learn to control his arms and fingers, and also have a beneficial effect on the speech center.

The appearance of a baby in the house is not only joy for parents, but also responsibility. Mom and dad care for the newborn and raise their child. In the first year of life, he must learn to walk, pronounce some words, and recognize his parents. At two - already be able to hold a spoon, draw or sculpt something from plasticine. To perform precise movements and improve coordination, it is necessary to play games to develop fine motor skills in children. preschool age. Therefore, the mother needs to work with the toddler so that he learns the necessary skills in everyday life.

Why are exercises and games necessary?

IN childhood this contributes to the development of mental health in the baby. The mother gives the baby a full body massage, but pays more attention to the toes and hands. At 3-4 months the child tries to play with toys. They should not be too small, as he will pull them into his mouth. Dexterity develops gradually. The movements are awkward at first, and only with repetition do they improve. It should be noted that doctors distinguish several periods: first, the first 12 months, when the grasping reflex is realized, then 2, 3, 4 years, when accuracy of movements and purposefulness appear.

Skill Purpose

IN kindergarten and at school the child should already have developed motor skills hands in order to:

Draw without going beyond the lines. Handling a pencil is more difficult than using a felt-tip pen, and paints and brushes require precise, confident movements.
Modeling from plasticine. Typically this process consists of manipulating small parts that are placed between two fingers.
Letter. The first skills in mastering the alphabet may already be accompanied by copying the curves of letters on paper or a board.
Accuracy. Sometimes a stained T-shirt during a meal does not indicate the child’s disobedience, but rather a sign of difficulty in handling cutlery.

Diagnostics and norms of fine motor skills in children

By carefully observing the child, you can detect a violation of the development of this indicator. Children aged 4-5 years must meet the following requirements:

Be able to knock a pen on a pen - clap.
Take a small object, such as a pinch of salt or cereal, with your index finger and thumb.
Draw on paper with a pencil.
Remove small objects from a jar or other shallow container.
Play with cubes and build figures.
Able to draw vertical and horizontal lines without a ruler.
Uses markers.
Knows how to use personal hygiene products (brush teeth, comb hair, tie shoelaces).

This is not the entire list of a child’s skills. The formation of skills depends on how early the parents started classes with the baby. Sometimes delayed development of children is observed. It’s one thing if it’s organ damage or mental illness. But there are cases when this is simply the result of neglect.

Possible deviations manual dexterity:

There is a violation of the technique of manipulating objects (strength, coordination, accuracy).
Insufficient psychomotor skills.
Cannot take care of himself.
Draws without pleasure and also performs small precise movements.
Cannot hold a pencil, pen, fork or spoon.

If a child at 5 years old cannot perform these points, then this is considered a functional disorder.

Parents can determine this indicator themselves. To do this, the child must be asked to repeat the movements after mom or dad. Let's consider a list of such techniques:

You can build figures with your fingers, and your baby should display them with his fingers.
Show me a hand warm-up. To do this, extend your arms in front of you, and then alternately clench and relax your fist.
Imagine that your index finger and middle finger- these are the legs of a man. Have your child step on a piece of paper.
Give a landscape sheet to your daughter or son and ask them to draw a house, and then look at the image. Smooth and straight lines indicate positive dynamics in the development of hand motor skills.
Take some blocks or a construction set and ask them to build a house out of them.
Similar manipulations can be done with puzzles.
Play counting rhymes. The baby should bend his fingers one at a time, starting with the little finger, without the help of the other hand.
Place dots on paper. They must be connected without lifting the pencil from the sheet.
Hatching the figure with different lines (horizontal, vertical, wavy) will help identify deviations in the dexterity and clarity of the movements performed.

If at 3 years old a daughter or son performs 30-40%, then at 5 years of age he will be able to achieve 100% results. If it turns out lower, then you need to study, since in the future he will lag behind in this indicator.

How to develop fine motor skills in a child

You need to start classes as you grow older, consistently. You can do the following actions:

Up to 6 months. Give your baby a daily massage. Children have a developed grasping reflex, so give them toys to play with.
From six months. Buy large cubes.
Up to 3 years. Start drawing, writing, and performing precise movements together.
Over 3 years – speech is almost fully developed, as are basic skills. It is necessary to maintain interest in activities - encourage hobbies, buy additional toys.

Nerve endings stimulate the functioning of brain cells, which leads to increased intellectual abilities.

Methods and types of motor development

There are many techniques. Let's consider various options, which are easy to do at home.

Palm massage. You can do it yourself. Suitable for children of any age. The essence of the technique is that the mother kneads the baby’s hands and feet with light stroking movements. Let us remember the saying “Magpie-Crow”.
Okay. Claps stimulate blood flow to the hands and also train accuracy and speed.
Paper crumpling and page flipping. At 5-6 years old, you can offer to play with the newspaper and then tear it up. They really like this action.
Beads, rosary. The child willingly sorts out small parts and also puts together puzzles. You just need to make sure he doesn't eat them.
Drawing with sand.

Outdoor games

In winter, outdoor activities greatly improve your health. It can be:

Snowballs. Everyone's favorite pastime develops the ability to sculpt dense balls, as well as accurately direct them to the target. In general, the speed of manipulation increases during combat. At the same time, they are perceived very positively, not as a lesson or exercise, but as fun.
Snowman. Building a symbol for this time of year is quite difficult, but very exciting. The larger the goals, the more effort you will have to put in to accurately create the figure.
Slide. The child will need an ice cube to descend. At the same time, he grabs the handle tightly so as not to roll away from the sled. This will fix the grasping reflex.

In winter it is very important to stay warm all the time. This applies not only to children, but also to parents. Choose high-quality and water-repellent jackets. Online store of sports equipment Stayer offers wide choose models with great functionality and bright design.

Develop fine motor skills from the first months of life. This will help you quickly teach your baby to hold a hand and eat with a spoon.

Ekaterina Rakitina

Dr. Dietrich Bonhoeffer Klinikum, Germany

Reading time: 9 minutes

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Article last updated: 03/30/2019

Who hasn’t heard about the need to develop fine motor skills in children, about its ability to effectively stimulate the speech and intelligence of children. What are fine motor skills and is it really worth developing? What games for developing fine motor skills are most effective for a baby under one year old?

Fine motor actions are a joint act of the nervous and musculoskeletal system aimed at manipulating small objects with the help of fingers and hands. Movements are often combined with the work of the visual apparatus and require precision.

These are simple actions aimed at grasping and holding an object (tweezers grip), and complex ones associated with several very precise manipulations at the same time (writing).

Reasons to develop fine motor skills

Will babies develop fine motor skills if they are not intentionally taught? It will be as part of the development of general motor skills. The child will learn to grasp toys, even using his feet to train his hands.

However, children who have been trained purposefully gain an advantage in primary school. Since their speech, thinking and small muscles of the hands are more prepared for learning in general and writing in particular than those of children who developed independently.

The development of fine motor skills helps improve cognitive skills, stimulate the functioning of the cerebral cortex and form associative connections during the work of the visual, auditory, and speech analyzers.

Ways to stimulate a child's fine motor skills

The development of fine motor skills should begin from the very first days of a child’s life.

The older the baby gets, the more freely parents can choose didactic materials for games, and diversify activities with the baby using non-traditional game materials and environment. Basic methods for developing precise movements of children's fingers and toes:

massage (auricular, palms and feet, fingers);
games with small objects (buttons, beads, cereals, construction sets, etc.);
modeling, drawing, cutting; embroidery with beads, assembling models (for children over 4 years old)

Play activities for children from 0 to 6 months

From 3 months of age, toys of different textures can be hung above the baby’s crib; over time, he will learn to feel them. At first, the baby will reach for toys that are at eye level, then above the chest and then to the side. The baby begins to touch things with his fingers, alternately with his arms, and, finally, to grab toys with both hands.

Developmental play activities activities that can be done with your child:

"magpie white-sided"– “massage” exercise;
"naughty hands"– you can put a bright sock or bracelet, an elastic band with plastic fruits on one hand, lift the little one’s little hand by the elbow to eye level so that he sees the bright little thing, and let go. This exercise stimulates the baby's desire to grab the other with one hand. Bright things are put on one and the other hand alternately;
"studying the face"– take the hands by the elbows and bring them into the baby’s field of vision, clap them with your palms. Then take the baby’s hands and touch his cheeks, forehead, eyes, chin, naming parts of the face. After that, do this procedure with your face.
"grab the ball"– for this game you need to lay the baby on his stomach, put a ball in front of him so that he is forced to stretch. When the baby takes the ball, lay out another one, etc.

You can add a game "getting to know the legs". You need to put a bright sock on the baby's foot. Take his feet, rub them, bring them together at the baby's eye level and knock them against each other to attract his attention. Then let go. The little one will reach out with his little hand to the colored sock. If he doesn’t succeed right away, you need to show him how to do it, bring your left hand and right leg into contact and let the baby grab the sock.

Ekaterina Rakitina

Dr. Dietrich Bonhoeffer Klinikum, Germany

Reading time: 8 minutes

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Article last updated: 03/29/2019

The human brain is a complex body system that sends signals to action. The centers responsible for speech and finger movement are in close proximity to each other. Thus, the development of fine motor skills in children stimulates the speech area, and also helps to control their actions using vision.

Fine motor skills are the coordination and control of the movements of the fingers or the entire hand different systems body: nervous, bone, muscle, visual.

The sooner loving parents begin to stimulate hand motor skills, the faster the baby will develop. A little man comes into our huge world without any knowledge or skills. He even makes movements with his fingers unconsciously; the child’s muscles are weak and undeveloped.

One of the primary tasks of parents is to help their baby get comfortable and develop the necessary skills:

development of memory and speech;
mastering drawing and writing;
formation of logical thinking;
development of dexterity;
broadening one's horizons;
development of imagination and fantasy;
preparation for manual skills.

How to develop motor skills in children under one year old

There is an opinion that babies under one year old do not need to develop motor skills of their fingers. But we should not forget that the newborn strives to know the world, which gradually expands around it.

By three months, the child develops a grasping reflex. First, he reaches out with his entire hand towards the bright spot, then he begins to grab and squeeze with his fingers everything he comes across.

What can parents do to develop fine motor skills in a child under one year old?

Perform a gentle massage of your fingers and palms every day. When feeding, gently stroke the clenched fists, gently unclenching each finger. A baby under one year old remembers emotions well - positive and negative, so a pleasant stroking will have a calming effect on him.
Newborns always try to grab hold of outstretched fingers; after a while, feeling their strength, they will be able to lift themselves with the help of their parents and rely only on their fingers.
When the child has enough strength to hold the toy, it is necessary to purchase a rattle with a wavy surface, which will become the first assistant in the development of fine motor skills.
Children under one year old really like the rustle of paper. Show that newspaper sheets and napkins can be twisted, crumpled, and torn.
Six-month-old children can already buy blocks, a large construction set, and a pyramid. While playing, kids develop their fingers.
For a baby from 6-7 months to a year, all items in the kitchen are of great interest. Let him play under your supervision with beans and pasta, arranging and pouring them into different bowls, plates and saucepans.

Important! Do not leave your child alone with paper or small objects. Kids love to taste everything.

Play and development of fine motor skills in children

A little man cannot be forced to do anything. The result will be the same - tears and whims.

Remember! Only through games do we develop fine motor skills in children and thereby help expand their horizons.

Gymnastics for small fingers

It is very important to develop the flexibility of the fingers, since soon the baby will have to master writing skills. Flexibility will also help you develop neat and legible handwriting.

The dramatization of small poems and fairy tales will contribute not only to the development of hand motor skills, but also to memorization, and will also teach the child to fantasize. Over time, a simple nursery rhyme about a staggering bull can be turned into a whole performance with the addition of words and small theatrical props. For example:

add different intonation – sad or comedic;
draw eyes, nose, mouth, hooves on the fingers;
build a wobbly bridge.

The game will allow the child to navigate where they are: top, bottom, right, left.

Keep track of the time! Do not tire your child, especially if he is not yet a year old. It is better to stop playing after 3-4 minutes than to try to maintain attention.

They are best suited for older children who already distinguish objects from each other and know their properties. You can invite the child to determine by touch, with his eyes closed, what it is.

Buttons, beads, pebbles, nuts - all these items can be rearranged and sprinkled.

Beads and buttons can be strung on a thread, and seeds and cereals can be used to lay out pictures on the table.

Sand

All children love to build sand figures. You don’t have to sit outside in a sandbox; fill a bucket with sand and rinse it. It will be a fun activity for your child to find small objects hidden in a box of sand. This activity will bring undoubted benefits for the development of fine motor skills.

Invite them to use their fingers to draw a simple design or letters on the sand surface.

Modeling

All kids love to sculpt. Modeling materials: dough, plasticine, clay.

If you are afraid that plasticine and clay will go into your mouth, then dough will be the best material for your first figures. If you prepare dough for dumplings or cookies yourself, then even a tiny bit over a year old will be able to make a kolobok or a small sausage. Teach your little one to use a small plastic dough knife, and the modeling process will become more entertaining. With older children, you can create more complex compositions using clay and plasticine.

Lacing

There are many different games using lacing. But it will be much more interesting to make a toy with your own hands, for example, from a box from a set of chocolates. Pull the laces (ribbon) through randomly located holes one by one, creating a web for the spider.

Screwing

Children will enjoy screwing and unscrewing caps on bottles and jars. Have a competition.

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