14 15 weeks of pregnancy what does a woman feel? What you can eat

15th week of pregnancy is the fourth month or 2nd trimester

At fifteen weeks, the development of the fetal cardiovascular system is quite active, so that a mesh of blood vessels even becomes visible. The skin takes on a transparent pink or red tint. Pigments responsible for hair color are produced. The heart is capable of pumping 20 liters of blood per day.

The intestines begin to work well when the liver secretes bile, then feces are produced. The kidneys show their activity, due to which it occurs frequent urination fruit in water. The amniotic fluid is cleared enough times for the baby to feel comfortable in the womb.

Quite often a pregnant woman at this stage is tormented by the question of the appearance of Brown a strip that runs from the navel to the lower abdomen. This strange phenomenon is explained by the fact that hormonal changes occur in the body, and a pigment substance is released. Some time after childbirth, when the body recovers and returns to its normal state, this strip will definitely disappear, so there is no need to be afraid.

Under no circumstances should you tighten your stomach during pregnancy; if you tighten your stomach, you will cause inconvenience that is very harmful to the further development of the baby. Buy special clothes for pregnant women. On the shelves of modern stores, even those with big bellies can dress up fashionably and beautifully. Do not tolerate discomfort, dress loosely and comfortably.

Using ultrasound and modern technologies you can find out the exact date of birth of your baby.

What happens to the baby at 15 weeks

This period is special in that very important organs of the fetus begin to develop.

The central nervous system begins its development; in the future it will have to control the entire body. Over the course of a month, the cerebral cortex develops and nerve cells divide. Therefore, you need to treat yourself very carefully and attentively during pregnancy.

Taste buds have also formed, and now the fetus can clearly distinguish the taste of food consumed by the mother, reacting to the taste. If there is a male fetus in the womb, then at this stage testosterone (male hormone) begins to be produced.

The child’s heart actively pumps blood (28 liters per day) throughout the body. The gallbladder produces the first bile, which forms feces. The kidneys excrete urine well. The amniotic fluid into which the body excretes urinary fluid is constantly renewed. The fetal breathing process has already improved.

At the fifteenth week, the lungs develop well, thanks to the exercises of swallowing and spitting out water. All the baby’s muscles are also actively developing. The glottis is already open thanks to developed vocal cords.

The child’s bones grow and become stronger, the baby begins to actively move, roll over, squeeze his legs and arms, which contributes to the active development of joints and muscles. The skin already consists of several layers, but blood vessels still remain visible through it. The hairs on the body begin to grow and thicken, eyebrows and eyelashes form, which can already be seen.

The fruit itself takes on standard shapes and sizes of body parts. Becomes more human-like. Legs become longer than the handles, unlike the embryo. Fingers and ears have clear contours. The weight of the fetus at the fifteenth week is approximately 70 grams, and the height from the crown to the tailbone is 10 centimeters or more. There is enough space in the womb of the expectant mother so that the baby, even with increasing dimensions, feels comfortable and cozy while continuing to actively grow and develop.

Changes in abdominal shape

The baby grows, which means it increases in size, which helps to enlarge the belly of a pregnant woman. Some mothers immediately begin to feel a change in their figure in the first months after conception, but there are cases when a pregnant woman’s belly is not at all obvious, but her waist disappears slightly. And only in the fifteenth week, it immediately bulges and continues to actively increase in volume.

Another not entirely uncommon change associated with the abdomen is a brown stripe located closer to the bottom. There is nothing scary or strange about this. This is quite normal. After the baby is born, it will definitely disappear.

Photo of the belly at 15 weeks

Feelings of various types of abdominal pain

Due to the growth of the uterus, most pregnant women feel some pain in the abdomen. This is one of the reasons pain, which appears due to stretching of the muscles of the uterus.

Such pain is quite tolerable and does not cause discomfort; it is also quite safe for both the child and the expectant mother, which means that it can be easily tolerated at home without going to the hospital. It is imperative to consult a doctor if this pain is accompanied by bleeding, aching pain in the lower back, or cramp-like sensations appear. You cannot ignore such symptoms and stay at home. This is a possible threat of miscarriage that threatens premature birth, which causes great danger for the unborn baby and in some cases threatens the life of the pregnant woman herself. The main thing is to be in time, go to the hospital or call an ambulance, so as to quickly prevent possible irreversible consequences.

Pain appeared in the back or lumbar region, urination became painful and very heat, which cannot be shot down. If you have these symptoms, do not delay visiting your doctor. This suggests that the pregnant woman has kidney problems (pyelonephritis), which is also a serious disease that has a malignant effect on the unborn baby

Expectant mothers sometimes experience pain in the tailbone area. This pain can be caused by many reasons. A pinched nerve or the uterus compresses when enlarged, shifts internal organs. If you have pain of this nature, it is not advisable to sit for a long time, especially on a soft one. To soothe the pain, it is recommended to stand on all fours for a while. To make it easier for the expectant mother to go through pregnancy without putting stress on her back, there is a special bandage. Consult your doctor about this. If your tailbone bothers you with pain after childbirth, seek help from a doctor. In addition, the bandage will prevent the appearance of skin stretch marks. There are also bandages that can also be used first during pregnancy and then after, in order to remove the belly.

Headaches can often also appear in the fifteenth week of pregnancy. You can take a Paracetamol tablet, but only as a last resort if the following method does not help. Because medications are not entirely advisable while expecting a baby, try taking a leisurely walk fresh air enjoying environment or the weather, then eat something delicious with a cup of tea, after which do not forget to take a nice shower and relax in comfort. Headache it will go away on its own.

Ultrasonography

Ultrasound examination (ultrasound) at this stage is not the first. Therefore, you can see changes in the development and size of the fetus by comparing with the first ultrasound. You can already look at it and find out the gender of the unborn child, which is something every parent looks forward to. You can observe every slightest movement of the baby on the screen, which will be shown by the doctor conducting this study.

Also, upon request, you can take a picture or even record the activity of the fetus in the womb. At fifteen weeks of pregnancy, the baby's heart beats approximately 150 beats per minute, actively dispersing 28 liters of blood.

Ultrasound at 15 weeks

New sensations

There is no need to be alarmed when bloody discharge appears from the nose. This happens at this stage, of course, the feeling is not at all pleasant, but such a symptom cannot be treated, it can be tolerated a little, like nasal congestion, which can also bother a pregnant woman.

Some women may experience severe discomfort during pregnancy. dark spots brown or yellow color, which will go away on their own some time after birth, you just have to wait a little. The nipples also become darker, the reason being the production of melanin. Calcium is very necessary for the development of the baby, and the expectant mother gives up all her reserves for the full development of the fetus. Therefore, a pregnant woman may experience severely peeling fingernails and toenails, cramps in the legs, and even stained teeth. The lack of this vitamin has a bad effect on the pregnant woman herself, so you need to focus on this and take action with the help of vitamins containing calcium, as well as eat foods rich in this substance.

Absent-mindedness, forgetfulness and poor attention are very common in the fifteenth week of pregnancy. It is advised not to relax and lead an active lifestyle whenever possible. This does not mean that you need to disobey the doctor, if there are no contraindications, you should not carry out your pregnancy in a clumsy and lying position.

Sexual life during pregnancy at this stage

If there are no contraindications or threats to the unborn baby, sex in the fifteenth week of pregnancy is not prohibited, and is even useful in some cases. When having sex, the hormone of happiness (endorphin) is produced, which has a positive effect on emotions expectant mother. Positive emotions have a very good effect on the child, who already feels her mood in the womb. Sex is also good for the muscles of the uterus.

But sexual contact should be very careful, that is, you need to avoid extreme positions. Hard sex should also be postponed during pregnancy and done in a calm and moderate manner.

Bloody discharge from the genital tract

Bloody discharge indicates that you need to stop having sex for a while and give your body a little rest. If bleeding suddenly occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor; only he can determine the exact cause and help prevent it. Not like this short term Bleeding does not necessarily mean a threat of miscarriage. There may be quite a few reasons. There may be damage to the cervix or abdomen. Erosion also begins when blood vessels burst and bleeding can also begin. It is neither possible nor worthwhile to identify the cause on your own.

Discharge in the fifteenth week of pregnancy

You should consult a doctor if brown or creamy discharge appears after bleeding. You will have to take a smear to detect infections if:

1) The discharge has a very pungent and unpleasant odor, reminiscent of the smell of fish;
2) Discharge of heterogeneous consistency, curd-like or lumpy;
3) Purulent green or yellow discharge;
4) Dirty spots are visible on the bed linen;
5) Discharge accompanied by unbearable itching, burning in the genital area, or unpleasant pain during urination, fever, swelling of the genitals.

Body temperature at 15 weeks

Unlike the past first trimester, body temperature does not rise in the fifteenth week. But there are times, especially in the evening, when the temperature becomes higher than usual. There is no need to panic about this, this is a completely normal phenomenon, unless, of course, nothing else bothers you.

You shouldn’t endure it and sit at home if the temperature stays at 38 degrees or higher for more than one day. This is not the norm, and is also very dangerous for the unborn baby. In such cases, it is necessary to take a Paracetamol tablet or a drug containing it. Do not abuse medications; in this situation, it is not entirely beneficial for the unborn baby.

An increase in temperature that lasts for a long time indicates that the body may have infectious diseases of various types. It could be the flu, inflammation of the kidneys, etc.

Colds during pregnancy at this stage

A pregnant woman needs to be more careful about colds. After all, the disease has a bad effect on the unborn baby. Any virus is accompanied elevated temperature, which has a very destructive effect on the placenta. Also, antiviral medications are not intended for pregnant women, so treatment will not be entirely easy.

During pregnancy, under no circumstances should you self-medicate; if you notice cold symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. He will be able to prescribe the correct treatment, which will not harm the fetus in the womb. During such a period, the body cannot be overloaded; it needs quiet rest and regular sleep. Drinking plenty of fluids and eating light foods will be beneficial for the body. Don't forget about vitamins. If you have a sore throat, you should only gargle with herbs, such as chamomile or sage. You can use saline and soda solutions. When coughing, if the temperature does not rise, you can do inhalations and rubbing. Oil tea tree will help a pregnant woman with a runny nose. Do not use if you are allergic to it.

At a period such as the fifteenth week of pregnancy, the placenta is able to protect the baby from many viral diseases and unpleasant factors.

Alcohol during pregnancy at this stage

If at the fifteenth week the placenta protects the baby from adverse external factors, this does not mean that it will save the expectant mother from drinking alcohol. Alcoholic drinks reach the baby directly and cause great harm to the entire body. Throughout pregnancy, alcohol is completely contraindicated.

It happens very often that a pregnant woman really wants to drink some kind of alcoholic drink, this indicates that there is a lack of protein in the body. But this does not mean at all that you need to drink this drink; it is enough to replace it with products such as low-fat meat or nuts that contain very a large number of of this substance. As soon as the body returns to normal, the desire to drink alcohol will disappear.

Proper and healthy nutrition

Proper nutrition during pregnancy plays a very important role, both for the woman and for the unborn baby who is about to be born. Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are necessary for the full development of the fetus. A varied diet is simply necessary while carrying a child. Fruits, vegetables, dairy products and cereals, eggs and, of course, meat must be present on the table of a woman carrying a baby.

Vegetable fats containing vitamin E are very useful for strengthening the placenta. Have vegetable oils in your kitchen that are useful to add to food. Also, seeds and nuts will bring a lot of benefits.

Protein in the diet is the most important substance of all the necessary substances, of which there should be a lot.

Meat dishes should undoubtedly come first in a pregnant woman’s diet. The norm is to consume 200 grams of meat per day, alternating with fish, for example every other day.

Condition of the uterus

The doctor will evaluate the uterus using ultrasound data. The norm is that the muscular layer of the uterus (myometrium) is about 2.5 centimeters.

At this stage, the uterus can be felt through the abdominal wall. The space in the middle, approximately from the pubis to the navel.

Screening at fifteen weeks of pregnancy

At this time, this procedure is called second trimester screening. The second screening is carried out from the fifteenth to seventeenth week of pregnancy. Screening determines the risk of having a child with disabilities, such as Down syndrome or a neural tube defect. A special ultrasound examination is carried out and required tests, which will help identify the share of risk, but will not make a definite and specific diagnosis.

Screening carried out at this stage is more accurate, since it includes taking three tests. Free estriol, total hCG and AFP analysis. Therefore, some doctors do not perform the first screening.

An indicator of 1:350 is very unfavorable for screening. Additional tests are ordered to confirm the high level of risk. The woman has every right refuse this procedure due to the fact that this procedure will not give accurate results.

Analysis indicators

It is necessary to start taking the prescribed tests already at this time, no later than the twentieth week. The triple test is the name of the main analysis, which is carried out precisely at this period.

As a rule, at the fifteenth week of pregnancy, the level of hCG begins to decrease noticeably. It is considered abnormal if the hCG level is too high or low. An incorrect deadline may also be the cause.

In case of suspicious discharge from the genital tract, a smear must be taken without delay to identify possible infections.

You must attend the examinations prescribed by your doctor without missing a beat, so as not to miss the necessary and required tests on time, which are prescribed by the doctor monitoring your condition and the condition of the baby. Various blood tests and urine tests are necessary to monitor the progress of pregnancy. By listening to your doctor, you can bear a child quite calmly and without worry.

During the persistent growth of the baby in the womb, the stomach accordingly acquires big size, difficult to pick comfortable position for good sleep, so that it is comfortable for the woman and does not harm the fetus in the womb. There is a rule that you need to sleep on your left side.

Dangers that exist during pregnancy at this stage

Problems with the kidneys or adrenal glands concern those who are expecting a male child. This problem means that the child produces full testosterone. It is necessary to inform your doctor so that he can prescribe treatment for kidney problems.

A suitable and safe analysis is considered to be carried out at this time, which includes taking an analysis of amniotic fluid for its composition. This analysis is carried out in women who have had genetic diseases, or as prescribed by a doctor in connection with the indications.

Rhinitis in pregnancy is one of the problems that involves nasal congestion at five weeks of pregnancy.

Brown pigment spots cover the skin of the face, but after the baby is born they will disappear.

How to behave to avoid problems during pregnancy

Pay attention to the skin of your abdomen. Buy an anti-stretch mark cream that effectively helps by preventing them. Don't forget to use it as you should regularly. Otherwise, after childbirth, it will not be easy to get rid of skin breaks that do not bring any joy.

Teeth are one of the main factors affecting the health of the entire body. Make more time for them. Start treating tooth decay.

It is better to sleep on your side, preferably on your left. Take a comfortable position not only for yourself, but also for the baby. For convenience, you can use a pillow, placing it in places convenient for you.

Pregnancy with twins at 15 weeks

At the 15th week of their development, each of the twins weighs approximately 60 grams and has already grown to 10 cm. At this stage, they are already training their lungs - making breathing movements with the glottis closed. This is how the muscles responsible for breathing are developed, but water does not enter the lungs.

Each of the babies is in the uterus, curled up, in the so-called fetal position. But there is still enough space, both fruits are actively moving. A woman carrying twins will have a larger belly at this stage than those pregnant with one child. But she still cannot feel the babies’ movements, since the babies correspond general terms development, they do not differ in size from other children.

The twins are still very thin at this stage. Their small bodies are covered with lanugo - small fluff. Children already know how to wrinkle their nose or frown. Movements become coordinated, and the limbs are proportional to the body. This week, babies develop a sucking reflex - they can suck a finger or the umbilical cord. An individual daily routine is formed. Basically, babies sleep and wake up once an hour. And a cheese-like lubricant is formed in the skin folds - this is the secretion of the glands. It protects the fetus from moisture and facilitates its exit during childbirth.

Fruit (development, size)

The most important event of the 15th week of pregnancy is the beginning of the formation of the cerebral cortex. This process will last throughout the 4th month. Already this week, the fetal cerebral hemispheres will begin to become covered with convolutions and grooves, and nerve cells will actively divide. The central nervous system takes the reins of control of the entire body into its own hands.

Activates and endocrine system cub. At week 15, the endocrine glands are already functioning, the sweat and sebaceous glands are activated, and the male hormone testosterone begins to be produced in the boy’s body. By this time, the baby’s taste buds have already fully formed: now he will react to the food you eat.

The main organs valiantly perform their work: the heart diligently pumps blood (it “drives” about 28 liters per day!), the gallbladder secretes the first bile (it is this that will form the baby’s original feces), the kidneys come into place and excrete urine (the baby urinates directly V amniotic fluid, which are updated all the time), the respiratory system is improved.

At the 15th week of pregnancy, the fetus intensively trains its lungs and muscles. He makes breathing movements, during which he swallows and spits out amniotic fluid. This promotes the maturation of lung tissue and prepares the baby for the first breath, which he will take only after birth. At the same time, the glottis will open, although the baby’s vocal cords are already formed.

The muscle and joint tissue of the fetus is also involved in the training process. He actively moves, makes rotational, swimming, acrobatic movements and somersaults, bends and straightens his limbs, clenches his fists. Bone It becomes harder and harder, the skin is still very thin and transparent (blood vessels are visible through it), but already consists of several layers, the hairline becomes more and more expressive (eyelashes and eyebrows are visible, the hair becomes thicker). Now the baby is not as ugly as before: his ears are fully formed, like an adult’s, his legs are becoming longer than his arms, as they should be, his body is stretching out more and more - the fetus is becoming like an ordinary child.
It already weighs an average of 70 g, and its coccyx-parietal size is 10 cm or more, but this does not prevent the baby from feeling absolutely free in his mother’s tummy.

Belly at 15 weeks of pregnancy

Meanwhile, the belly is growing. Not only the fetus, but also the uterus increases in size, and pregnancy is already noticeable to others. However, this does not apply to 100% of cases. For some women, the tummy is just now starting to grow, although by this time the waist has probably already disappeared.

At the 15th week of pregnancy, a dark stripe, going from the navel down. Don't let it bother you - this is a temporary phenomenon that will disappear soon after pregnancy.

Pain

Many women have a stomach ache at 15 weeks of pregnancy, but it can be a different kind of pain, triggered by different factors. The most “normal” cause of such pain is the continuous growth of the uterus and the tension of the muscles that hold it. In this case, the pain is unobtrusive, mild and does not cause other troubles. If abdominal pain at the 15th week of pregnancy has a pulling, cramping nature, is accompanied by bloody discharge or radiates to the lumbar region, then the threat of miscarriage cannot be ruled out - it is better to play it safe and consult a doctor with such pain.

Pain in the lower back or back may be a sign of pyelonephritis if it is accompanied by frequent painful urination and/or elevated body temperature.

Pain in the tailbone may already appear. It plagues many pregnant women for a variety of reasons, including pressure on the uterus, displacement of organs, and pinched nerves. Try not to sit for long periods of time, especially on soft surfaces. To relieve pain, try getting on all fours. Ask your doctor when you can start wearing a brace - it may relieve or prevent tailbone and lower back pain at 15 weeks of pregnancy. If after pregnancy the pain in the tailbone does not disappear, you will need to go to a specialist.

It is common to have a headache during the 15th week of pregnancy. Do not rush to resort to medications, first try other methods: a warm shower, a walk in the fresh air, a cup of sweet tea, a light snack, a little rest. If all else fails, you can save yourself with Paracetamol, but it is better to do without it.

Feel

The second trimester is called the calmest and most fertile period of the entire pregnancy, but this does not mean that new sensations will not appear at the 15th week of pregnancy. Don't be alarmed if you get a stuffy nose or nosebleeds. For pregnant women, this is a normal phenomenon that you just have to endure.

Due to the increased production of melanin, the nipples may darken even more, and pigment spots may appear or intensify. After pregnancy, everything will disappear, but what should not be ignored are cramps in the calf muscles, peeling of nails and a sharp deterioration in the condition of the teeth. Everything indicates that there is very little calcium in your body, which is now so necessary for the baby. So he draws out all possible reserves for the structure of his body.

Many expectant mothers note particularly absent-mindedness and inattention during this period. However, try to resolve as many matters and issues as possible in this trimester so that you can rest peacefully in the next one. If you have no contraindications, then continue to lead an active lifestyle.

Sex

You should not deny yourself sex life. Sex is not contraindicated if there are no threats to pregnancy. On the contrary, positive feelings and emotions are extremely useful for both mother and baby, and, as you know, the joy hormone endorphin is produced during sex. In addition, having sex is a good workout for muscle tissue, including the muscles of the uterus.

But some accuracy and caution now still won’t hurt: positions with deep penetration and rough hard sex during pregnancy are better not to practice.

Bleeding

Take a break in intimate life if you notice in yourself bloody issues of any nature and intensity. But if you start bleeding, you need to go to the hospital and find out the reason for its occurrence. Bleeding at the 15th week of pregnancy is not always caused by detachment or threatened miscarriage. There may be other reasons for this: mechanical damage to the cervix, erosion, injuries in the abdominal area, burst vessels.

However, bleeding at this stage is less common than in the first trimester.

Discharge at 15 weeks of pregnancy

Brown, cream or pink spotting may result in bleeding, so do not ignore it.

If the discharge at the 15th week of pregnancy becomes abundant, liquid and transparent, then this is the result of an increase in the level of estrogen in the blood - do not worry.

You should contact your gynecologist and take a smear to determine infections if you observe the following discharge:

• unusual consistency: curdled, bubbling, pieces, heterogeneous;
• with a sharp unpleasant smell(most often fish);
• yellow, green or purulent discharge;
• which leave dirty gray marks on the laundry;
• which are accompanied by other symptoms: painful urination, itching, burning, swelling or irritation in the genital area, fever, and so on.

Temperature

By the 15th week of pregnancy, the body should already get used to the new condition, and in most cases, the normal increase in temperature in the first trimester also disappears. But it happens that even now there is a low-grade fever, especially in the evenings. If nothing bothers you, then there is no reason to worry.

It's another matter when the temperature rises to high levels. If it stays at 38 degrees for more than two days or if it rises further, then it is necessary to take an antipyretic, doctors say, since too high a temperature observed for several days in a row can be dangerous for the fetus. During pregnancy, you can take Paracetamol and medications containing it.

A pathological increase in temperature at the 15th week of pregnancy can be associated with various infectious diseases (influenza, measles, rubella, chickenpox, and others), including urinary tract infections (cystitis, pyelonephritis).

Cold

Most often, the temperature rises during pregnancy due to influenza and colds. In this case, the effect of the virus itself on the woman’s body may be more dangerous. Although a strong increase in temperature in the second trimester can cause damage to the placenta and even intrauterine infection of the fetus.

If you have a cold at 15 weeks of pregnancy, you should consult a doctor for a prescription. safe treatment. You are now advised to drink plenty of fortified drinks, light food and bed rest (or at least rest and avoid any stress). Sore throat You can rinse with a decoction of chamomile or sage (do not swallow!), or with a solution of salt and soda. The cough can be calmed with inhalations and rubbing (but only if there is no fever). Treatment of a runny nose during pregnancy mainly involves rinsing; you can lubricate the nasal passages with tea tree oil, just be aware of the likelihood of an allergic reaction.
It's good that the most dangerous period in this sense, it is already behind us; at the 15th week of pregnancy, the placenta is capable of retaining many viruses.

Alcohol at 15 weeks of pregnancy

But the placenta does not retain alcohol - it easily reaches the fetus. And it doesn’t have a positive effect on him. Therefore, drinking alcohol during pregnancy, including at 15 weeks, should be completely avoided.

By the way, experts in the field of medicine and nutrition say that the irresistible desire for certain foods and drinks is explained by a lack of specific substances in the body. And often they have nothing to do with the products that are so desired, including by a pregnant woman. So, if there is a strong desire to drink wine or beer during pregnancy, then most likely the body is not receiving enough protein. Increase the amount of meat you consume (preferably boiled lean meat); nuts are the richest source of vegetable protein.

Nutrition

In general, during pregnancy it is necessary to consume proteins, fats, and carbohydrates in sufficient quantities. All these substances are needed for the full growth and development of the baby, so diversify your diet as much as possible during the 15th week of pregnancy with useful healthy foods. Include porridge, vegetables, fruits, meat, cheese, cottage cheese, eggs, kefir in your daily menu.

Vegetable fats are very useful. They are rich in vitamin E, which strengthens the walls of the placenta. Therefore, it would be good to buy several different vegetable oils and add them to ready-made dishes. Nuts and seeds also contain a lot of this vitamin.

It is important to correctly distribute the proportions of substances consumed: proteins should occupy the dominant place. Please note that most meat and fish on the modern market are pumped with antibiotics, so it is recommended to cook or bake dishes made from them for as long as possible. Experts say that a pregnant woman’s diet should include 200 g of meat daily, which will be replaced with fish twice a week.

Ultrasound

Most likely, an ultrasound at 15 weeks of pregnancy will not be your first. But now you will see a lot of new things, especially if you manage to undergo a 3D ultrasound. Firstly, the child’s external genitalia are already visible, so if the fetus is positioned well, it can be determined whether it is a boy or a girl. Secondly, you will see how your baby has grown and improved during this time. He is already making swallowing movements, sucking his thumb, moving his limbs, bending and unbending them, clenching his fists, in general, he is behaving very actively.

At the 15th week of pregnancy, the baby’s heart beats 140-160 times per minute and pumps about 28 liters of blood per day.

Uterus

The ultrasound specialist will certainly assess the condition of the uterus during an ultrasound scan at 15 weeks of pregnancy. Normally, the muscular layer of the uterus (myometrium) should be uniform in structure and have a thickness of about 2.5 cm.

The uterus at week 15 is easily palpable through the abdominal wall. Try to “find” it approximately half the distance between the pubis and the navel, or 7-10 cm below the navel.

Screening at 15 weeks of pregnancy

Obviously, you already know what screening is, because at 15-17 weeks the second screening or second trimester screening is carried out. This is a test that includes ultrasound and biochemical tests. The purpose of screening is to identify a risk group of women who may give birth to children with chromosomal abnormalities (Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome or neural tube defect). That is, screening can only assess the risk share, and not diagnose the deviation.

Biochemical screening for the second trimester is a so-called triple test, which includes tests for total hCG, α-fetoprotein (AFP) and free (unconjugated) estriol. This analysis is more accurate and informative than double test first trimester. Therefore, some gynecologists prefer to perform only it, bypassing the first screening.

The cut-off value for the screening study is 1:350. That is, such a risk is assessed as high and is a reason for prescribing additional tests. But you can refuse all further procedures. None of them can reliably say whether a given fetus will develop pathology or not. Tests can be bad for a number of reasons that are completely unrelated to a non-existent pathology. But the risk, of course, always exists, even in women with good tests. In general, screening in our country is still considered uninformative.

Tests (hCG, progesterone)

In fact, the main analysis of the 15th week of pregnancy is screening (triple test). It is better to take it starting from this week (but no later than week 20), because it is during this period that the second screening is most informative.

HCG levels begin to decline in the second trimester. Increased or decreased indicators may be a sign of any disorders, diseases, or simply indicate an error in setting the gestational age. in any case, hCG is assessed only in combination with other second screening markers.

Progesterone at the 15th week of pregnancy, as a rule, is not determined, since this individual indicator is not very informative.

If you are concerned about abnormal discharge at 15 weeks of pregnancy, you should also take a vaginal smear for analysis.

In general, if you don't miss routine gynecological examinations, then you don't have much to worry about. As needed, your doctor will prescribe you necessary examinations to keep the course of pregnancy under control. It will be general analysis urine and blood, blood for TORCH infections, according to indications - for hormones, and so on.

The 15th week of pregnancy refers to the second trimester, this period is considered the most fertile - toxicosis has almost passed, the stomach is practically not in the way and there is time to fully prepare for childbirth. At 15 weeks, significant changes occur in the development of the fetus - on an ultrasound you can no longer see a shapeless speck, but a fully formed little person.

A woman who is 15 weeks pregnant has already gotten used to the fact that she will soon have a lovely little one in her house and is trying to follow all the doctor’s recommendations so that the health of the future heir meets all indicators. Not only the figure of the mother changes, but also her perception of the world, many values ​​are pushed into distant positions, and a new attitude towards work, family, and her own well-being is formed.
Week 15 has its own characteristics and, in order not to panic and not come up with terrible diagnoses, you need to navigate what is normal and what is pathological.

Feelings at 15 weeks of pregnancy

In the second trimester, irritability and excessive tearfulness almost disappear; for some, drowsiness takes its place, while others, on the contrary, feel an unprecedented surge of strength. Both are considered normal; at 15 weeks, most girls note the appearance of the following internal and external signs:

• Nasal congestion and mucous discharge occasionally bother me. Rhinitis during pregnancy is associated with hormonal changes - the mucous membrane of the nasal passages swells due to a rush of blood and causes all the symptoms of rhinitis. This phenomenon is temporary and does not require the use of drugs without a doctor’s prescription.
• The fruit no longer puts so much pressure on bladder and rectum, so urination is normalized, and constipation occurs less and less often.
• At the same time, organs abdominal cavity due to the growing uterus, they can put pressure on the diaphragm, which sometimes leads to small attacks of lack of air.
• Periodically there is discomfort in the lower abdomen.
• Women who give birth again, often after the 15th week can feel the first movements of their baby. They are registered as gurgling, bowel movements. During this period, girls with an asthenic figure can also feel movements.
• At 15 weeks, the fetus actively consumes calcium from the woman’s body, so dental problems may arise. The appearance of bleeding and pain should not be ignored; a visit to the dentist is imperative.

A pregnant woman may sometimes experience attacks of dizziness, this is not so bad and goes away in a few minutes. If dizziness gives way to fainting, you should tell your doctor about your condition. After week 15, the volume of circulating blood increases by 20%, this leads to interruptions in the functioning of the heart and periodic surges in pressure. On the work of the cardiovascular system, attention should be focused on women with identified heart pathologies.

Changes in the mother's body at 15 weeks of pregnancy

The belly at 15 weeks of pregnancy is already quite noticeable; many girls have to change their wardrobe, looking for looser clothes. The size of the abdomen depends not only on the weight of the fetus and the growth of the uterus, but also on the physique; you need to focus only on your feelings, and not on the indicators of another pregnant girl.

• The fundus of the uterus can be felt at a level of 7-10 cm below the navel.
• From mammary glands A few drops of colostrum may begin to be released.
• Hormonal changes lead to the appearance of age spots on the face and hands. A brown line appears, running from the womb to the navel, and the nipples on the chest darken. Pigmentation is especially noticeable on the skin of dark-skinned girls.

Sometimes pain may appear in the coccyx area, which is provoked by the pressure of the uterus on the nerve endings. In order to prevent their occurrence, you should not sit in one position for a long time; light exercises will also help.

Baby at 15 weeks. Fetus 15 weeks

Most girls, especially young and inexperienced ones, are interested in what changes are happening to the child developing inside them. At 15 weeks, it is already possible, given the favorable position of the fetus, to consider its gender, and mom and dad begin to actively choose a name.

Fetal development at 15 weeks of gestation

At 15 weeks of pregnancy, all important organs of the fetus are functioning almost at full capacity. The heart pumps more than two dozen liters of blood per day, the urinary system works properly, and the gallbladder begins to function.

After the 15th week, the process of ossification of the skeleton occurs, that is, the bones acquire the required density and therefore it is important to consume more foods with calcium at this time.

Weight

The weight of the fetus after 15 weeks ranges from 50 to 75 grams, height is 10 or a little more centimeters. If we make a comparison, a baby at week 15 is similar in size to an average orange and all external organs are already fully formed.

What's new?

At 15 weeks of pregnancy, the baby begins to distinguish sounds, taste buds are fully formed, and therefore the child feels the taste of the food consumed by the mother. Although the eyes are still closed, they already perceive bright sources of light.

External development of the fetus

The fruit also changes in appearance. The baby learns to bend his legs and arms, actively moves, and rolls over.

• The skin becomes denser, blood vessels begin to appear through it less and less.
• The vellus hairs on the head and eyebrows change to coarser ones; it is at this time that hair follicles are formed, which determines the future shade of the hair.
• >During this period, more correct proportions are formed, that is, the arms become shorter than the legs, and nails begin to form on the fingers.
• The ears are almost formed, that is, the baby will be born with the shape of the ears, which are formed precisely at the 15th week.
• The shape of the skull changes and the eyes become closer to the bridge of the nose.

Internal development of the fetus

The period after the 15th week is very important for the baby; nervous system and the fetus now obeys basic reflexes. Other organs continue to form:

• The cerebral cortex is formed. Convolutions and grooves develop in the right and left hemispheres, and nerve cells begin to divide.
• The pituitary gland, which is responsible for all metabolic reactions in the body, develops.
• The sweat and sebaceous glands are activated, and the endocrine system functions.
• The kidneys excrete urine into the amniotic fluid up to 10 times a day, which is also periodically replaced and therefore remains sterile.
• The work of the heart ensures continuous blood supply to all systems. After 15 weeks, the baby’s Rh factor and blood type can be determined.
• The male fetus produces the hormone testosterone; girls' hormones begin to be released a little later.
• Liver cells are completely involved in the digestion process.
• The auditory system is fully formed and the child can already distinguish the mother’s voice, her intonations, and the volume of words.
• The fetus takes many inhalations and exhalations, swallowing amniotic fluid. Such breathing exercises necessary for the formation of lung tissue. Breathing exercises are also necessary for the child to take his first breath after birth without hindrance.
• The glottis opens.
• Muscle tissue develops

We can say that the 15th week of pregnancy is a turning point; at this stage it is already possible to tell which organs are forming correctly and which are not. During this period, the baby feels comfortable in the body of the expectant mother and begins to gain weight.

There are a number of disorders and pathological conditions of a pregnant woman’s body in which any sport other than light warm-up is strictly prohibited, find out which ones!

The expectant mother should closely monitor her health, but at the same time, not give up the usual women's joys. Therefore, it is necessary to clearly understand and know

Weight gain at 15 weeks of pregnancy

After week 15, girls with toxicosis usually have an appetite. The absence of nausea and vomiting promotes the consumption of your favorite foods, and if you do not limit yourself, you can gain weight very quickly.
During the pregnancy period of 15 weeks normal indicators weight gain is considered to be 2.5 kilograms. For some girls this figure is higher, for others it is lower, which is not a pathology. High rates of underweight or, conversely, a sharp jump are considered reasons to undergo a full examination.

Signs and symptoms of pregnancy at 15 weeks

Only in very rare cases is pregnancy at 15 weeks an unexpected discovery for a woman. There are also certain signs that correspond specifically to the 15th week of pregnancy:

• Increased gas formation. High levels of progesterone relax the intestinal muscles, which leads to slow metabolic processes.
• Heartburn. Pressure on the stomach can also cause a request for food into the esophagus, which leads to an unpleasant, burning sensation behind the sternum. Heartburn often accompanies a woman until the 9th month, before the uterus begins to descend.
• Heartburn is sometimes accompanied by increased salivation.
• At 15 weeks you may have trouble sleeping. A woman cannot fall asleep right away or wakes up for a long time in the middle of the night. It is important to choose the right sleeping position, since a growing tummy already requires a certain body position in which it will be more comfortable to sleep.

In order to reduce all the unpleasant signs, you need to spend more time in the fresh air, pick up an exciting hobby, and eat only food that is healthy for your baby and you.

What happens to the belly at 15 weeks of pregnancy?

Under the influence of hormonal changes and the growing uterus, the girl’s body acquires a pleasant roundness. The belly continues to grow and not everyone can hide it anymore. But sometimes it is after the 15th week that the belly just begins to form, you shouldn’t be afraid of this - the physique and strength of the abs are different for all girls. It happens that an invisible tummy becomes noticeable in just a few days, this is also a variant of the norm.

Uterus

The uterus continues to expand steadily; you can feel it about 3 fingers below the navel. Until the 15th week, the uterus expanded in all directions, but now it begins to stretch upward, pushing the abdominal organs apart. This increase leads to shortness of breath and periodic heartburn.

Pain

The growing uterus and stretching of the muscles leads to minor pain and discomfort. These are normal sensations; you should only worry if your stomach has become tight and there is spotting. A shift in the center of gravity leads to pain in the lumbosacral spine. Reduce slightly discomfort A bandage helps, but you need to consult with your supervising gynecologist about wearing it.
After the 15th week, a woman can feel the uterus on her own from a supine position. In the second trimester, it is important to pay attention to the tone of the uterus; its constant density indicates the threat of miscarriage.

Discharge at 15 weeks of pregnancy

After the 15th week of pregnancy, the discharge becomes so thin that some women need to change their underwear several times a day. You should be wary of the following types of discharge:

• A secretion that has a greenish color and an unpleasant odor.
• Heterogeneity of discharge from the genital tract. Lumps of different colors and cheesy discharge should alert you.
• The discharge is accompanied by pain, burning, and discomfort in the genital area.
• Brownish spotting that is constantly disturbing may indicate a problem in the body. A bloody secretion may also appear after sexual intercourse, so you need to change your position or limit sex for a while.

Call immediately ambulance necessary if bleeding occurs. In the first hours, the development of a miscarriage can be stopped, so you should not rely on chance.

Necessary medical observations, tests and examinations

After the 15th week, urine and blood are also periodically tested. During this period, doctors often prescribe additional examinations.

• • An ultrasound can reveal the size of the fetus and the absence of serious pathologies. The cervix is ​​examined with a special sensor and the position of the placenta is determined. After 15 weeks, you can see the baby’s genitals.

• A biochemical blood test reveals the level of progesterone and hCG. A low level of the first hormone may indicate a tendency to miscarriage, so the doctor will prescribe additional treatment. The level of hCG is also important; an underestimation of this indicator is often detected when the placenta is underdeveloped, and an overestimation can be a sign of gestosis or chromosomal abnormalities.
• Screening test – hCG determination, AFP, estriol. Carrying out this study necessary to assess the risk of Down syndrome and neural tube underdevelopment. The assumption made is not a final diagnosis, and in order to exclude pathology, the woman will be offered several more examinations.
• Women with genetic disorders after 15 weeks will be offered an amniotic fluid test. This period is considered the safest for the fetus.
• For discharge that is not normal, you will need to undergo smear tests.

Sex

At the fifteenth week, sexual activity is not at all contraindicated; moreover, sex is a good stimulant for the development of the muscles of the uterus and perineum. During sexual intercourse, the hormone of joy is also released, which contributes to the better development of the baby. Naturally, sex should not cause inconvenience, and the doctor should not limit it due to the threat of termination of pregnancy.

Nutrition

Attention should also be paid to nutrition. For 15 weeks you need to eat foods high in calcium; meat or fish should be on the table every day. The diet should be enriched with plant fiber - fruits, fresh vegetables. Among drinks, preference should be given to rosehip decoction, dried apricot compotes, and prunes.

You should avoid caffeine, fatty and spicy foods. The consumption of salty foods is also limited, as they contribute to the appearance of edema. For heartburn, it is best to eat jelly, slimy porridges and soups; such dishes coat the walls of the stomach and prevent acidic juice from splashing into the esophagus.

What to do this week

At 15 weeks of pregnancy, it is important to listen not only to your feelings, but also to understand the needs of your baby.

1. The child already hears all sounds, so you can talk to him, sing songs, listen to beautiful and quiet music. There is no need to watch thrillers and dramas; the mother’s emotions also affect the nervous system that is developing during this period.
2. We need to choose new, looser outfits.
3. Light physical exercise will help prepare for childbirth, ensure good health, and relieve stress.
4. When sleeping, take a comfortable body position. Compression is also reduced if special pillows are used.

Dangers and complications

At 15 weeks of pregnancy, examinations reveal fetal developmental anomalies, some of which can be corrected with the help of modern medicine. Therefore, it is not recommended to refuse the prescribed examination. Mothers expecting a boy can feel the effects of testosterone produced by the fetus at 15 weeks. Under the influence of this hormone, the kidneys and adrenal glands begin to function poorly, so if you experience unpleasant symptoms, you should consult your doctor.
Colds are no longer so scary for the fetus, since by the 15th week the placenta already protects quite well from viruses and bacteria. But a cold can worsen a woman’s well-being, curb her appetite, and affect kidney function. Hardening, healthy food, and minimal exposure to crowded places reduce the likelihood of a viral infection many times over.

After the 15th week, you need to think about choosing a maternity hospital, choosing courses for expectant mothers. All tests prescribed by your doctor must be completed; this will help rule out all pathologies and have a positive effect on your overall mood.

There is no need to prescribe yourself treatment for colds, troublesome discharge, poor kidney function, or pressure surges. All medications must be selected by a doctor, otherwise an incorrectly selected medication will lead to miscarriages and insufficient formation of fetal organs.

Pregnancy after the 15th week is the most vivid and calm time in terms of sensations. In the second trimester, the baby will begin to push; if desired, you can already feel his movements; often women feel how their little one reacts to various sounds. In the second trimester, the woman already calms down emotionally and is fully prepared for the upcoming troubles after the birth of her long-awaited miracle.

Pregnancy in a woman’s life is not only a happy and mysterious period, but also responsible, difficult work for her body. Every week brings new changes for the expectant mother and her baby. Knowing what is happening in the body, a woman feels calmer and more confident. The 15th week of pregnancy is a period in which nature has prepared many interesting innovations.

What does the baby look like?

At this stage of development, the baby takes on a normal human form. Outwardly, he looks like a sleeping baby: his ears have finally formed, his body has stretched out, his arms have become shorter than his legs.

The baby's lower and upper limbs are growing rapidly, and thin nails are visible on the fingers. The child's skin has a reddish tint. She is very thin. Blood networks of vessels are visible through it. The baby's entire body is covered with fluffy hairs - lanugo.

The 15th week of pregnancy is the beginning of the period of formation of vernix lubrication of the fetus, which will protect the skin of the baby. The first hairs appear on his head. The eyes are still set wide apart, but continue to move towards the center of the face.

What's new with mommy?

The fetus grows intensively, so the amount of amniotic fluid increases. These processes lead to an increase in the mass of the muscle layer and the size of the uterus. The standing height of its bottom at this moment is about 14 cm - this is half the distance between the navel and the pubic joint of the bones. Due to the elevation of the uterus from the pelvic cavity, the frequency of urination becomes less frequent, and the pressure on the rectum weakens.

The longest toxicosis has already subsided, my health has improved - this is one of the good news that the 15th week of pregnancy brought. What else is going on in mommy’s body?

This week, a woman may see a vertical line in the center on her stomach or small spots on the skin. Pigmentation is a normal phenomenon associated with the accumulation of melanin in her body due to increased production of progesterone and estrogen. It is especially noticeable on the chest. The areolas of the nipples enlarge and become darker. After giving birth, everything will be the same, but during pregnancy it is better to avoid sunbathing.

A feeling of inspiration and a surge of strength - these events can please the 15th week of pregnancy. What happens to the woman? Thanks to her condition, she blossoms before our eyes and acquires mysterious beauty. Unfortunately, this does not happen to everyone. But those who are lucky should not miss the moment and enjoy the gift of nature.

This week marks the end of the formation of the placenta. Now she will be responsible for the connection between mother and child.

What will the ultrasound show?

In the absence of pathologies, an ultrasound examination is first performed at 12-13 weeks. If the expectant mother has not had an ultrasound before this time, then the 15th week of pregnancy is the time for the first important examination. For women who have already visited an ultrasound specialist, during this period the examination is carried out only on the recommendation of the treating gynecologist.

During an ultrasound, the expectant mother can observe how active the baby is. If you shine a beam of light on your stomach, it will turn away or frown. The baby's eyes already feel the light, despite the fact that the eyelids are still closed. If the baby turns successfully at the 15th week of pregnancy, then you can tell the expectant mother with certainty whether she is expecting a son or daughter. The following indicators are to be assessed during the study:

• the length of the fetus, measured from the crown to the coccyx;
• heart rate;
• width of the collar area;
• correctness in the development of the nose bones;
• biparietal size and head circumference;
• height, thickness and condition of the placenta;
• development of organ rudiments;
• thigh length.

Fruit size

Weight gain for a woman from 2.2 kg to 4.5 kg is the average for 15 weeks of pregnancy. The size of the fruit also increases. This week he has the following indicators:

• weight - approximately 30 grams;
• height - up to 10 cm;
• head diameter - approximately 28 mm;
• tummy diameter - 27 mm;
• chest diameter - 28 mm.

Pregnancy 15 weeks: fetal development and main achievements

In the second trimester, the main organs work at full capacity. They improve their structure and support vital functions. The heart, with a frequency of 150-160 beats per minute, pumps about 23 liters of blood daily, the endocrine system develops, the endocrine glands perform a number of functions, the sebaceous and sweat glands work - this is how the baby’s body functions when a woman is given a term: pregnancy is 15 weeks.

The development of the fetus at this stage brings a new achievement - the formation of the cerebral cortex begins. In the hemispheres, nerve cells are actively dividing, convolutions and grooves appear. The processes of crust formation will last throughout the entire fourth month. Control of the body is transferred to the nervous system.

Improved and digestive system. The gallbladder begins its work, and the original feces are formed. The kidneys are located in the right place and excrete urine through the amniotic fluid. The fetus has practically formed taste buds, so it is able to react to the food consumed by the mother.

This week the baby's skeleton continues to form. The biochemical composition of the blood becomes more complex. Testosterone begins to be synthesized in the body of boys.

Communication with the baby

According to recent studies, a fetus at 15 weeks of pregnancy can distinguish between music, the mother’s heartbeat, her voice, and the conversations of others. He is able not only to hear, but also to react to sound. The baby may not like noisy places and loud speech; he needs a calm atmosphere. You need to communicate with the baby every day. You can connect dad and talk together. This will strengthen relationships in the family and have a beneficial effect on the development of the baby in the future.

Listening to calm music relaxes both mother and baby.

What is the baby doing?

The baby could fit in mommy's palm, but he is already very mobile. The child moves his legs and arms, clenching them into fists. He moves freely and actively amniotic fluid. A baby can radically change the position of his body in space several times in 5 minutes - experts came to this conclusion after studying intrauterine development child when the woman was 15 weeks pregnant. Movement, despite this activity of the fetus, is in most cases imperceptible due to the small size of the baby.

The fruit improves not only the muscles and joints, but also the lungs, making breathing movements. He fills his mouth with amniotic fluid, then spits it out. These exercises prepare the baby for the first breath at birth. The ligaments responsible for the voice are already perfect, but the glottis will open only with the first breath of air after birth.

Hiccups are a process of preparation for breathing. It is typical for 15 weeks of pregnancy. The size of the fetus is very small, so during this period its hiccups are not yet noticeable. The baby loves to suck his thumb. He keeps it in his mouth almost all the time.

stirring

While expecting a baby, the expectant mother experiences many exciting moments. One of them is the movement of a tiny son or daughter. A woman who is 15 weeks pregnant can already feel her baby. The movement felt for the first time is very weak and barely noticeable. It can be mistaken for a rumbling stomach. Of course, most mothers feel the first movements of the baby in the interval between 16 and 20 weeks. However, if this is not the first pregnancy, and the woman is of thin build, then most likely this week will bring a joyful event. You need to remember the day when the baby first moved and inform the gynecologist about it.

This week's to-do list

The time has come when it's time to change your wardrobe. If until this time it was still possible to choose something from your regular clothes and the purchase of special things for pregnant women was postponed, then you should not hesitate any longer. At the 15th week of pregnancy, the belly has grown so much that it is difficult to fasten skirts and trousers or impossible to fit into them at all. Comfort is important for a pregnant woman. Clothes intended for expectant mothers should be comfortable, soft and made from natural fabrics. When choosing a thing, you need to make sure that it does not press and fits well. At this time, jeans or trousers with a special soft belt and tights with an elastic zone for the abdomen will be useful.

If there are no contraindications, then it is necessary to engage in sports for pregnant women. Moderate physical activity will help keep the body in good shape, so the recovery period after labor will pass faster. A set of exercises for expectant mothers will improve blood circulation and strengthen muscles. We must not forget about leisurely walks away from highways. Walking has a positive effect on the cardiovascular system and saturates the body with oxygen.

Medical observation

In addition to traditional blood and urine tests, from 15 to 20 weeks you need to undergo an important screening examination - a triple test for the content of three hormones in the mother’s blood. Based on the amount of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), AFP (alphafetoprotein) and E3 (free estriol), specialists diagnose suspected abnormalities in fetal development.

AFP is produced by the fetus and enters the mother's blood. Deviation from the norm allows us to suspect anomalies of such organs in the baby: neural tube, abdominal wall, urinary tract, duodenum or esophagus, as well as slow or abnormal general development.

The hCG hormone increases until week 12, then its level decreases. High test levels may indicate fetal abnormalities or diabetes in a pregnant woman. With a low AFP value and at the same time high hCG level specialists diagnose suspected Down syndrome.

Based on the amount of estriol, the doctor assesses the general condition of the baby. Throughout the entire period, its concentration increases. A decrease in estriol may indicate a threat of miscarriage or disturbances in the development of the baby.

If your stomach hurts

Complaints of unpleasant feelings in the abdominal area below the navel are quite often heard from women who are 15 weeks pregnant. Feelings may vary.

Most often in medical practice, mild pain is encountered. She poses no threat. The uterus now begins to grow more intensively, so the ligaments that hold it are stretched. Cramping sharp pain is an alarming sign. They require consultation with the attending physician, since they are no longer associated with a sharp increase in the size of the uterus and the tension of the ligaments that characterize the 15th week of pregnancy. The stomach hurts, the lower back is strained, and spotting has appeared - these are symptoms of a threatened miscarriage. You need to immediately go to a specialist or call an ambulance. This week, spotting may be the result not only of a threatened miscarriage, but also of erosion of the cervix or its damage, injury or burst vessels. In any case, consultation with a specialist is required to determine the cause and proper treatment. If there is bloody discharge in intimate life, you need to take a break.

Possible problems and their solutions

Most women, when expecting a baby, encounter problems such as constipation. Increasing fluid in the diet and a balanced diet can help solve the problem. You need to add foods to your menu that contain fiber and have a positive effect on intestinal motility. These are fresh vegetables, various fruits, cereals, whole grain bread and dishes with sprouted grains. It is better to season vegetable salads with unrefined vegetable oil. In the morning, 30 minutes before breakfast, you need to drink a glass of warm water.

Anemia is another problem that the 15th week of pregnancy can bring. Its symptoms are: dizziness, constant fatigue, weakness, spots before the eyes. The mother’s body does not have time to produce a sufficient number of red blood cells. A lack of hemoglobin develops, leading to hypoxia (oxygen starvation) of the fetus. In this situation, the doctor will prescribe iron-containing medications and recommend eating foods rich in iron, for example, lean red meat, liver, buckwheat, apples, and pomegranate.

Hypotension (low arterial pressure) reduces the supply of oxygen to the fetus, thereby negatively affecting its development. If the pressure drops below normal, the doctor should prescribe appropriate medications.

Headache is a common problem during this period. A walk in the fresh air, rest, a warm shower or sweet tea. It is better to avoid medications; as a last resort, choose medications with paracetamol.

The delicate situation of a woman enters a new phase this week. The belly grows, pregnancy becomes noticeable. To avoid stretch marks, it will be useful to use special moisturizing creams. It is better for the expectant mother to sleep on her side so as not to compress the inferior vena cava.

It is necessary to remember about proper nutrition, rich in vitamins and minerals. Calcium is especially important during this period. The baby's bones are actively forming, so the mother's body will provide it in the right quantity. But the woman herself may experience a lack of calcium, which will lead to tooth decay, night cramps, brittle hair and nails. By getting it from food and vitamin complexes, the expectant mother will be able to avoid these problems.

It should be remembered that you cannot take any, even the most harmless, medications without a doctor’s prescription. In addition, remember that alcohol passes through the placenta to the fetus, so its consumption throughout pregnancy is unacceptable.

The second trimester of pregnancy has begun. We got used to the condition and survived the toxicosis. A woman’s imagination draws the image of a baby and everything he will need during the development process.

The tummy becomes round and the life born inside fills you with pride expectant mother. As for the physiology of the child, the 15th week of pregnancy has a special effect on the development of the baby: he is already beginning to move, and the cerebral cortex is forming.

This period tells the woman that she is about to feel the baby’s movements and the anticipation of this is very exciting and at the same time alarming. For the first pregnancy, this moment will come at about 20 weeks. You involuntarily begin to listen to every sound in your stomach, and it seems that now the baby will warn you about his imminent birth with his knock.

Pregnancy 15 weeks

Exactly 105 days have passed since female body began to perform its natural function - bearing offspring. A woman's purpose is to give. new life, from the moment of conception, protect and protect your baby at all stages of pregnancy and in later life.

A man, in turn, must provide his family with everything necessary, but especially peace and well-being.

• The 15th week of pregnancy has begun and the changes that tormented the woman before no longer bother the pregnant woman at all. You can also calmly go about your usual activities, only people close to you know about your pregnancy, and the rest have no idea that a new life is developing inside you;
• A strange feeling arises in which you begin to realize your importance. There comes an understanding that your every movement, all your thoughts and feelings are felt by the baby inside you;
• During this period, the pregnant woman is recommended to spend more time in the fresh air, communicate with friends and relatives. It is advisable to go on a picnic or travel, but not too far. After all, you should always spend the night at home;
• You can little by little begin to think about a dowry for the baby: blouses, a stroller or sling, an envelope for discharge from the maternity hospital. On this topic, read a useful article: List of things for newborns for the first time >>>

1. You begin to feel more confident and calm, which has a beneficial effect on the development of the fetus. At this point, the total weight of the child in the womb is no more than 50 g, and the height reaches approximately 10 centimeters. There is already an article on the site where all the stages of baby development are well described, read Development of a child in the womb >>>;
2. The little man begins to actively develop, which in any case will affect your health. A large amount of calcium is necessary for the full development of a child. Most of it comes from the pregnant woman’s body;
3. At such moments, hair and nail plates become more brittle, problems with teeth are possible (manifestations of caries can occur throughout pregnancy), and hair loss is possible.

It cannot be said that everyone will experience such problems during this period. Everything happens individually. The only fact remains that the pregnant woman is experiencing a crisis with a lack of calcium.

If at least one of the listed symptoms appears, you should contact your gynecologist for advice, but under no circumstances begin self-medication. Since you cannot say with certainty how the use of drugs with calcium supplements or other microelements will affect the child’s development.

Only a specialist can tell you which pharmaceutical product is right for you during pregnancy.

Baby development at 15 weeks

So, 15th week of pregnancy, what happens to the baby during this period? How is it developing and what achievements does it have?

• It is very small, but develops quite quickly and vigorously. At the 15th week of pregnancy, the size of the fetus can be compared to an apple, or a not very large orange;
• The expectant mother cannot feel his movements yet, but rest assured that he hears and feels you like no one else. Therefore, reading fairy tales, watching interesting educational programs or cartoons, will help establish contact between you and your baby;
• He looks like a fully formed man in miniature. He is able to move his legs and arms, but this is impossible to feel. The muscle tissue is almost formed, and the bones begin to thicken and become stronger;
• The skin is still very thin, but already multi-layered, and its consistency resembles gelatin. The skin is so smooth and transparent that you can see the blood vessels, which have also begun to actively develop. Therefore, the child appears to be bright red in color;
• During this period, the formation of hair follicles occurs on the body of this little man. Now he has eyelashes, eyebrows, and the sweat and sebaceous glands are actively functioning;
• At the 15th week of pregnancy, fetal development is determined by another very important point: The baby's brain enlarges and the first grooves appear. Soon convolutions will appear in their place;

The number of cells is quite enough for the formation of nerve endings to begin, which means that your baby begins to understand, hear and feel more. Whatever you feel, he will feel too. Now his brain, albeit step by step, gradually, will begin to regulate its own activity.

• Although the baby's eyes are closed, he is able to distinguish between light and dark. Starting from the 15th week, the eyes begin to move towards the bridge of the nose, and the ears begin to move towards the neck. Now the head and organs on it take on the appearance and almost similar to their final standard result;
• Ultrasound is rarely done at 15 weeks of pregnancy. Usually the doctor gives a referral at 11-13 weeks. It is important to understand that you can refuse to undergo this procedure if you do not consider it necessary. The sex of a child can still be determined by ultrasound with a large degree of error (read the article on the topic: Determining the sex of a child by ultrasound >>>);
• From the 15th week, the gastrointestinal tract and liver function almost like an adult: food is digested due to the growth of the intestines, bile is produced;
• Taste buds are being formed, so the child will “demand” what he liked the most;

So pregnant women have a strange desire to try fish with sweet tea or eat as much yogurt as possible. The appearance of such a feeling as “I want ..... right now and this minute” is familiar to every woman who has given birth and her family. Because the baby does not yet understand the difference between night and day.

• The kidneys are also actively working and the child will have bowel movements several times in one day. Yes, yes, you heard right, your baby urinates in your stomach, but this will not affect his development or the body, since the amniotic fluid also changes, which means that all excrement will come out with old water. And the baby will be in a new, clean one.

Mom's well-being

In the second trimester, toxicosis subsides in 95% of cases. There is no longer such activity of hormones and incomprehensible sensations. At this stage, the female body has adapted to the new life and is actively trying to protect the fetus from external irritants.

The mood improves, and the woman calmly perceives everything that happens around her. Provided that no pathological processes, recommend physical exercise that is simple and does not include heavy lifting.

If we talk about an increase in the tummy, then each woman is different: for some it will appear only after 20 weeks, while for others, already at 15 weeks a round ball has formed in the waist area. But it’s better let’s talk not about forms, but about some features of the female body during this period:

Uterine size and skin changes

1. When visiting ultrasound examination, the uterus will be examined without fail: its structure, condition and possible deviations from normal;
2. For now, it is high enough that any pregnant woman will be able to feel it: the uterus at 15 weeks of pregnancy will be approximately 9 cm from the navel;
3. Often women begin to notice that a dark strip stretches along the abdomen from the navel down. This is not at all scary and is not considered a pathology, but on the contrary indicates the presence of pregnancy. After the baby is born, it will completely disappear;
4. Another point that can upset a woman in the second trimester of pregnancy is the appearance of hanging moles and warts. They will not necessarily be harmful to the health of the mother or child; this is more likely due to hormonal changes than pathological ones. But for your peace of mind, it is better to undergo additional examinations.

Pain at 15 weeks

As a rule, there should be no pain at 15 weeks of pregnancy. Several factors can provoke pain and all of them are unfavorable. Therefore, it is better to immediately go to bed and call for medical help.

• The first factor is the threat of pregnancy loss. At the same time, it can be provoked by both the mother’s poor lifestyle and hormonal imbalance. If your stomach feels tight at 15 weeks of pregnancy, and you also have bleeding or pain in your lower back, you should immediately go to the hospital. All these signs indicate a possible loss of the fetus (read the article on the topic: During pregnancy, the lower abdomen pulls >>>);
• The stomach may hurt at the 15th week of pregnancy due to the fact that the uterus is stretching, but in this case the pain is not very pronounced. More like discomfort, and does not cause much trouble.

Bleeding. Discharge

1. Since a woman’s hormonal background has changed significantly, discharge at the 15th week of pregnancy may increase. Most often this happens with the well-known thrush (current article: Thrush during pregnancy >>>);
2. But what to do if you notice an admixture of blood in it? It is necessary to immediately stop sexual activity for an indefinite period and visit a doctor;
3. It's worse if bleeding starts or brown discharge at 15 weeks of pregnancy. This shouldn't happen. Their appearance is evidence that health problems have arisen specifically for the pregnant woman;
4. Often the cause is the opening of the uterus, and if you do not promptly go to the hospital to a qualified specialist who can provide assistance and build the correct treatment regimen, the pregnancy will be terminated;
5. It is possible that the brown discharge was caused by the woman’s poor diet (read about nutrition in detail in the book Secrets of Proper Nutrition for an Expectant Mother >>>). But to find out for sure, it is better to take all the necessary tests and follow the recommendations of doctors.

Feelings at 15 weeks

Nasopharyngeal congestion and even nosebleeds may occur. There is no need to worry about them. This reaction is quite normal for pregnant women.

What else happens to the mother at 15 weeks of pregnancy?

• The nipples darken and acquire a light chocolate color;
• A brown stripe appears along the entire abdomen;
• Age spots and freckles become visible;

all this is evidence of the restructuring of the body and preparation for the birth process.

An increase in melanin provokes their appearance, but after the birth of the baby, everything will return to normal over time.

Narrow issues of pregnancy

Pregnancy changes a woman in every way. She begins to look at things with completely different eyes, becomes wiser, more careful, more sentimental. Those life moments that a woman would not have previously paid attention to can make a pregnant woman think about the future. It's not always clear why this happens.

Some mothers try to behave as before: drink alcohol, do not take care of their health, and so on, which will negatively affect not only themselves, but also the baby.

Therefore, our task now is to consider narrow issues that relate to the 15th week of pregnancy, and what will happen if the general rules are not followed.

Fever and colds at 15 weeks of pregnancy

Most often, a woman’s body temperature is elevated at 15 weeks of pregnancy. And this is the norm. All processes that occur at this moment force the body to turn on a protective reaction and are normal.

In cases where there are other symptoms indicating the onset colds or the thermometer shows more than 38 degrees, it is better to consult a therapist for help. You can take a children's antipyretic.

A high temperature poses a threat to the child, so it is better to determine what infection could cause such a reaction in the body.

Sex

Sex at 15 weeks of pregnancy is not a contraindication. If the female body perceives it normally, then there is no need to refuse it. You can only reduce the number of sexual acts per week, do not use hard methods and positions that would involve deep penetration. Some pregnant women have no desire, and there is no point in forcing yourself to do better.

If there is any threat and the doctor strongly recommends not to have sex, then it is better to listen to him.

In general, sexual intercourse has a beneficial effect on the condition of the pregnant woman. Known fact that foreplay and the act itself helps to increase the hormone endorphin. This hormone causes feelings of joy and happiness, and such sensations at 15 weeks of pregnancy are always useful. In addition, sex will help develop and train the muscles of the uterus.

Alcohol at 15 weeks

Drinking alcohol is contraindicated not only at week 15, but also during pregnancy in general.

According to most experts, it is at this moment, when the baby’s cerebral cortex is developing, that even light alcoholic drinks should be avoided. Why? Everything that the mother consumes instantly reaches the child. The placenta does not have the ability to limit the access of substances that will harm the baby.

Examination of mother and child

To obtain an exchange card and enter the maternity ward of the maternity hospital, it is important to undergo 2 scheduled checks with tests. The second is usually done at 32-34 weeks of pregnancy, the first - immediately upon registration. This can happen at 5 weeks of pregnancy or at 25 weeks.

At 15 weeks of pregnancy, a triple test is taken. It cannot be submitted earlier or later. HCG testing and smears are also prescribed. If the doctor suspects any abnormalities, additional tests may be required. For example, hormones.

The most desirable ultrasound will be at the 15th week of pregnancy. Although it has already been done several times, it is an ultrasound at the 15th week of pregnancy that will reveal a lot of new things and give a photo of the fetus. Moreover, updated and with obvious sexual characteristics. You can also see how the baby sucks his finger or clenches his fists. Don't forget that now he looks like a little man and it's amazing.

But ultrasound examination They check not only what is interesting to parents. For example, the sex of your child can be determined at 15 weeks of pregnancy, but errors in determination also occur due to the umbilical cord, which is also clearly visible. For doctors, the frequency of heart beats and the development of the kidneys, intestines, and liver are of interest.

Lifestyle at 15 weeks of pregnancy

What can you say about behavior and lifestyle? expectant mother? Every representative of the fair sex already understands the importance of proper gestation. After all, pregnancy is not only toxicosis or rounding in the pelvis and waist.

1. This is a complex and multifaceted process in which you need to adhere to many rules and limit yourself in many ways. For example, in your diet you should monitor the amount and balance of vitamins and microelements;
2. The desire to eat only sweets or spicy foods should be suppressed, because the baby should receive as many useful substances as possible: proteins, carbohydrates, fats. A pregnant woman should consume all this every day;
3. Don't forget about the drinking regime. The amount of liquid should be neither large nor small;
4. And the expectant mother should always have cottage cheese, eggs, fish and lean meat on her table;
5. Flour, fried, salted, canned foods should be left in the past. Although doctors say that if you have a strong desire, you can eat something from the prohibited list, but not as often as you would like;
6. It is undesirable for the fetus to receive strong tea or coffee instead of juice and fruit drink at the 15th week of pregnancy. Such drinks can harm the development and health of the child.

• The belly at the 15th week of pregnancy is usually small in size, but it is not recommended to press or tighten it. Wear loose clothes, buy things for pregnant women in special stores, as they say, “for growth.” You have another 25 weeks ahead and your belly will increase several times more;
• The baby's movements at 15 weeks of pregnancy are practically inaudible. He is still tiny and weighs about 45-60 g. But if you lie on the bed and relax, you can hear light, almost imperceptible tremors;
• Don’t think that if toxicosis has left you, you can eat a lot and everything. Extra calories will not be useful to you after childbirth and will not have a beneficial effect on the development of the baby;
• And, of course, communicate with your baby as often as possible. He hears you and loves you very much.