What to do if a one-month-old baby cries a lot. Why does a child cry and how to calm him down?

Our grandmothers and great-grandmothers treated infant crying quite philosophically, believing that during crying child“develops the lungs,” and therefore she will cry and stop. However, nowadays the more popular point of view is that crying is a request. baby for help, a message that he has problems that need to be solved as quickly as possible. Parents should not be afraid to spoil their child by responding to his every cry. According to child psychologists, spoiling baby up to a year is impossible. Before the age of one year, you can either create baby confidence in the safety and reliability of a new environment and environment, or destroy this confidence. An attentive mother, listening to her baby, gradually begins to distinguish the reasons for his crying. These reasons may be different, but they have one thing in common: the discomfort that the baby feels at this time and about which he tries, as best he can, to tell adults.

When a child is missing something...

Perhaps most often child crying, when he wants to eat. The most natural, healthy and necessary food for a small child is breast milk. In addition, during breastfeeding there is contact between the baby and the mother. Nowadays, doctors increasingly advise feeding a child “on demand” - it is believed that correct mode Nature will tell you when to eat. Need for physical contact with mother– also one of the main reasons for children’s crying. Taking the breast child feels mother's warmth, mother's hands. In general, he feels good, warm, safe, comfortable. And he calms down. It is not for nothing that in primitive civilizations, which have survived to this day in some African countries, mothers, at the first cries of a child, take him in her arms and immediately breastfeed. Children of Americans and residents of Western Europe, according to anthropology and sociopsychology, cry much more often and longer, which is due to the mother’s slow reaction to the baby’s crying. A child may just cry from boredom and loneliness. According to educators, the big mistake parents make is that they do not communicate much with the baby when he is awake. The baby is really looking forward to your attention. Therefore, do not remain indifferent when he calls you crying. In each of the three cases described, the mother will hear the so-called invocation cry, which consists of alternating periods of screaming and pauses. Moreover, if you do not pay attention to the child, the pauses become shorter and the screaming becomes longer. Take baby in your arms, stroke his back, move your hand over his tummy (it’s best to make these movements clockwise), then over his chest and head. Has the baby calmed down? This means he needed your attention. Does he keep crying? Then take him in your arms, press him to your chest, rock him. If child turns his head, opens his mouth and smacks his lips, then most likely he is hungry. Hungry cry starts with the draft. But if the baby does not receive food, the crying becomes angry, and then turns into a choking cry. One of the main rules of behavior for a mother when child cries, is to take him in your arms and give him the breast. If child cried in your arms, give the baby your breast and rock him. If the baby does not calm down and refuses to take the breast, you should look for other reasons for his dissatisfaction.

The child is crying because something is bothering the baby...

Feeling tired, general discomfort is often the reason why the baby is capricious and whining. Crying when wanting to fall asleep is accompanied by yawning, child closes his eyes and rubs them with his hands. Rock the stroller or crib baby, sing him a lullaby - after all, mother’s voice soothes best. If to kid cold or hot, he can also express his dissatisfaction by crying. There are several ways to “identify” such a situation. Touch the baby's nose (in such cases, you need to touch the baby's skin with the back of your hand, since the skin there is more sensitive). If the nose is warm, then its owner will feel warm and cozy. If the nose is hot, the baby is most likely hot and needs to remove one layer of clothing. If you are at home, undress baby, give him something to drink. If the nose baby cold means child freezing. A sure sign The sign that the baby is cold is hiccups. You can also touch the hands baby, just not the hands, but a little higher - the forearms, since the hands can be cool when the baby is generally warm. A frozen baby needs to be covered or dressed warmly. Another common reason for a baby's crying is wet and dirty diapers. Usually just before urination or defecation child makes a sound similar to a squeak or whimper, and after the action itself, if the mother does not provide help, such sounds of discontent can turn into a scream. Discomfort in this case can be aggravated by skin irritation. Many parents note that their baby starts crying every day closer to six o'clock in the evening. Crying at the end of the day – a unique means of relaxation, providing an outlet for accumulated fatigue and nervousness. Take the baby in your arms, rock him, sing a lullaby, give him something to drink, and when he calms down, put him in his crib. Negative emotional states arise in children due to disturbances in the daily routine, changes in the usual course of life. The baby will be capricious both when he did not sleep well, and when he is overexcited and cannot fall asleep. Negative, conflictual family atmosphere has a detrimental effect on behavior baby: It’s not surprising that when adults quarrel, child crying. Trying to calm the child, the mother herself must be calm: her anxiety and excitement are transmitted to the baby. Improper care can also be the cause of dissatisfaction and crying of the child, his bad behavior during feeding, bathing, changing clothes. The child cries when bathing and even with one type of swimwear, if purchased negative experience during this activity - for example, the water was too hot or the soap stung the eyes. If adults accidentally pinched the child's skin when they fastened buttons or snaps on clothes or pulled the handles, the baby may resist and cry when getting dressed. Loss of appetite, crying and other defensive reactions can be caused by force feeding, very hot or cold food, situations when an overfilled spoon is placed in the child’s mouth, or the next portion is brought to the mouth too quickly while the baby has not yet swallowed the previous one. The habit of sucking a pacifier often calms the child, but this interferes with the proper growth and development of the jaws and the formation of a correct bite. Children with increased excitability can be given a pacifier before falling asleep, but after sleep occurs, it must be carefully removed from the child's mouth.

Alarming symptoms

Child's ailments, pain– the most unpleasant reasons for a child’s crying. As a rule, there is no clear localization of pain in infants due to the imperfect development of their nervous system. Therefore, if there is pain in any part of the body, a small child behaves the same way: cries, screams, kicks his legs. Based on the baby's behavior in response to a painful stimulus, it is impossible to say with certainty that he is in pain. Therefore, sometimes it is difficult even for a specialist to determine what is actually causing the concern. baby. Crying in pain is crying with a hint of hopelessness and suffering. It is quite smooth, continuous, with periodic bursts of screaming, which probably correspond to the sensations of increasing pain. The most common and common ailments that cause a baby to cry include pain in the tummy (colic), pain during teething, headache (the so-called infant migraine) and increased sensitivity of the skin when it is irritated, diaper rash, and “diaper dermatitis.” Bloating and abdominal pain (colic) Usually bothers babies up to three to six months of age. At this age, the process of digestion and movement of food through the intestines is imperfect due to insufficient contractility of the muscular layer of the intestine, low enzyme activity, and intestinal microflora that is not formed or is disturbed for some reason. Other reasons may be errors in the diet of the mother who is breastfeeding; erratic, unreasonably frequent feeding baby; introducing into the diet crumbs of food that is not appropriate for his age. Colic can also be one of the signs of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The occurrence of colic is due to the fact that food does not have time to be absorbed by the intestines and increased quantity gases are formed. With each feeding, this process intensifies and reaches its peak in the evening hours. At the same time, children cry, twist their legs and pull them to their stomachs, and their sleep is disturbed. In case of colic, it is necessary to allow the gases to escape: massage the stomach in a circular motion clockwise; put the child on his stomach, bend his legs at the hip and knee joints (frog position); You can place the gas outlet tube in the anus, lubricate it and the tip of the tube with oil, and with a slight twisting motion, insert the tube into the anus 3 cm. You can also place it on your stomach baby soft warm cloth, take him in your arms and press him with your stomach - the warmth will ease the colic. Try offering your baby a special dill-based children's tea that helps relieve gas. If colic recurs, you should consult a doctor. He will conduct an examination, prescribe medications that help reduce excessive gas formation, restore normal intestinal microflora, which will also lead to a decrease in gas formation, normalize stool, and, if necessary, adjust nutrition. Headache, or “infant migraine”, occurs most often in newborns with perinatal encephalopathy syndrome (PES), including increased intracranial pressure, increased or decreased muscle tone, and increased excitability. Such children often react to changes in atmospheric pressure and weather changes. They behave restlessly in windy, rainy, cloudy weather. Like an adult, a child with a headache may experience general malaise: nausea, vomiting, upset stomach. In this case, you should definitely contact a specialist who will select the right treatment. Teething– always stress for the baby. The child may be capricious, cry, have a fever, or appear loose stool. At this time, the baby is very susceptible to infections. To make teething easier, there are special teething rings with liquid inside. Usually they are cooled (but not frozen!) in the refrigerator and given to the baby to chew on. Even simply stroking your gums with your finger will reduce the pain. But if all this does not help, and even more so, if this process has led to an increase in temperature and abnormal stool, consult your pediatrician. You may need a pain reliever (such as a gum gel). Skin irritation may cause baby significant concern, so the condition of the child’s skin should be given considerable attention. Diaper dermatitis is manifested by redness and the appearance of an inflammatory rash on the skin of the buttocks and perineum. baby, child becomes irritable and cries, especially when changing diapers. Urine and feces in contact with a child’s skin disrupt its acid-base balance, causing irritation and damage to the skin. To prevent such complications, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the child’s skin and change diapers more often (for newborns - at least 8 times a day). In cases of severe irritation or development of an inflammatory process on the skin, you should consult a pediatrician. As your baby grows and matures, he will cry less. In the meantime, mother’s affection, mother’s hands, mother’s voice, mother’s warmth will be constantly needed to calm the baby; Nothing and no one can replace them for your baby. Remember that you can solve “educational problems” only if your child surrounded by love, attention and in constant contact with the people closest to him.

A child appeared in the house: cute, smiling and so small! You can’t help but want to protect him and save him from everything in the world, but sometimes it’s difficult for a mother to help her baby, and it’s especially difficult to figure out why an infant is crying. Some grandmothers say: “Let him scream - he develops his lungs!” But this approach is by no means correct. It is imperative to understand the reason for children's crying and find a solution.

Children's cry as communication

A child's cry broke the silence - a new person was born. All expectant mothers look forward to the first cry and rejoice when they hear it. The absence of a cry, on the contrary, makes you anxious and wonder if everything is okay. Screaming means everything is fine: this logic only works when a baby is born. Healthy young children whose needs are fully met do not cry without reason.

Small children cannot talk, and screaming is often the only way state your needs. But how can we understand what exactly the child wanted to “say” by crying? Interesting way Spanish scientists have suggested how to understand why an infant is crying. They advise looking into the baby's eyes. If they are open, it means the child is angry or scared, and if the eyes are closed, then he is in pain.

Experts also advise taking a closer look at the baby’s facial expressions and the nature of crying. An angry child cries loudly and sobbingly, gradually calming down. If you are sick, crying can last for several hours. The child will not only not calm down over time, but will start screaming more and more.

Objective reasons for children's crying

A baby may cry for various reasons. Some of them are easy to “calculate”, others you need to guess. But every mother should know what a child’s crying can mean. Here is a list of the most objective reasons for baby crying:

• Hunger. The cry of a hungry baby is accompanied by special movements and grimaces: he pulls his arms towards his mother, smacks his lips and turns his head from side to side, looking for the breast.
• The child wants to sleep. relatively little. Mostly he sleeps - this is necessary for the development and processing of received information. If the baby's mood suddenly changed and he began to cry without responding to attempts to distract and cheer him up, it is worth putting the child to bed.
• Wet diaper. Even disposable diapers sometimes cause a lot of anxiety in children when they become wet, not to mention reusable gauze diapers. Crying because of a wet diaper is accompanied by movements of the legs, so the baby is trying to get rid of it (wagging his legs).
• Overwork. If your child starts crying for seemingly no apparent reason, he may have received too much information and become overtired. By crying, he signals a desire to rest. This often happens after guests arrive.
• The child is sweating or cold. If your baby is crying, check if the ambient temperature is comfortable. If the nose and hands are cold, the baby is frozen. And if he turns red and has a heat rash, it means he has overheated. This discomfort can also cause the baby to cry.
• Colic. Colic is caused by gas accumulated in the intestines. A characteristic feature of crying due to colic is the pulling of the legs towards the tummy. Also, as a rule, colic occurs at the same time. Then the child begins to cry.
• Teeth are being cut. Teeth begin to erupt at the age of 6 months. For some children, this unpleasant process is painless, while for others, on the contrary, it is accompanied by severe pain. In this case, the child becomes restless, cries constantly, puts everything in his mouth and loses his appetite.
• Uncomfortable clothes. The baby's crying may be due to a narrow elastic band on the sliders, convex buttons, hard seams, or a zipper that can pinch delicate skin child. It is necessary to check whether all things are comfortable and whether they cause discomfort to the child.
• Change of weather. Young children are susceptible to weather anomalies: magnetic storms, sudden change temperature and pressure and others.
• Lack of attention. Sometimes children just want to feel like their mother is nearby. Their cry is a kind of call. Crying due to lack of attention goes away as soon as the mother takes the child in her arms. Attempts to put him in his crib are accompanied by more crying.
• Pain. A child's crying caused by pain is the most dangerous. A sick baby cries constantly. Because of the pain, the child often wakes up at night, shuddering sharply, and crying loudly. It is advisable to contact a pediatrician, especially if the parents can know the reason why the child got sick (hypothermia, fell, poisoning).
• Inflammation in the urinary tract. In this case, the baby cries before peeing. An increase in temperature may also be an indicator.
• Irritation of the anus. In this case, the child will cry during bowel movements. The reasons for this may be improper or insufficient hygiene, careless insertion of a gas tube or suppositories into the anus.

Why does a baby cry while feeding?

Separately, I would like to consider the baby’s crying during feeding. As a rule, this behavior of a newborn often frightens the mother. She fears that he will give up breastfeeding altogether. Moreover, the smoothness of the breastfeeding process is extremely important both for the health of the baby and for the health of the mother.

Let's consider the reasons for a baby's crying during feeding:

• Pain in the mouth. It occurs due to stomatitis (thrush) or pharyngitis. Thrush can be identified by the white film that appears in the baby's mouth. With pharyngitis, the baby has difficulty swallowing due to a sore throat and cries.
• Otitis. This disease is accompanied by pain in the ears when swallowing. Therefore, a hungry little child literally attacks the chest, but at the first sips he bursts into tears.
• Bitter milk. For this reason, the child may take the breast, then throw it away, cry, take it again, throw it away... Milk becomes unpleasant in taste if the mother has eaten onions, garlic or spicy food.
• "Rapid" milk. When milk fills the breast, its flow becomes too strong. The baby chokes and cries for this reason.
• Lack of milk. If there is little milk, the baby sucks hard at the breast, but does not get enough. This makes him angry and he cries.
• Neurological disorders. One of them is hydrocephalic syndrome. In this case, the child experiences headaches when swallowing. You should consult a doctor immediately.

In order for the child to calm down, you need to find out the reason for his crying - that is, what he is asking for - and eliminate it. It is clear that if the baby is hungry, he needs to be fed; if the child cries before bed or is overtired, he needs to be put to bed. A wet diaper should be replaced with a dry one, and the baby should be washed and the bottom should be lubricated with cream. A frozen child will fall asleep as soon as he warms up: change his clothes or lie down together under a blanket and warm the baby with the warmth of your own body. If your child is sweating, wipe him or her with a damp swab and change into lighter clothing.

To rid your child of colic, several measures should be taken to prevent colic and prevent its occurrence:

• Adjust ;
• It is correct to breastfeed your baby;
• After feeding, hold the baby in an upright position: “gopher” or “column”;
• Help your child cope with pain. To do this, you can apply a warm diaper to his tummy, put the baby's tummy on your chest, or massage the tummy clockwise.

When teething, pain can be reduced with the help of teethers or special gels. To one month old baby Don't worry about uncomfortable clothes, choose seamless options or ones with seams facing out. The elastic bands should not be tight. It is better to replace buttons with rivets, and not use zippers at all. Slips are very convenient, combining a blouse, panties, socks and “scratchies”.

If your child does not have enough attention, put everything aside and caress him. The same should be done when the weather changes. Rock the child, sing him a calm song, tell him rhymes or nursery rhymes. If crying is caused by unknown reasons, you should consult a doctor and immediately begin the prescribed treatment. In the meantime, show your child how much you love him and how dear he is to you.

Why is my child constantly fussy and crying? This question is relevant for parents of infants and preschool children. Therefore, we want to look at this problem in more detail.

Why is a child naughty?

Most mothers and fathers are faced every day with a child’s reluctance to eat, sleep, get dressed, go to kindergarten or go for a walk. The baby cries, refuses to comply with the proposed demands, and sometimes just screams or whines. There are several main reasons for this behavior:

• Physical - this group includes various illnesses, fatigue, hunger, desire to drink or sleep. The child feels bad, but cannot understand why this happened. Therefore, it is so important for parents to follow a daily routine, feed, drink and put the baby to bed on time.
• The child requires attention - most children's tantrums can be prevented by increasing the time of communication. Mom's love is important to little man, like air. If he does not receive the right amount of attention, he will “pull” it in every possible way. Therefore, there is no need to wait for the baby to start hysterical. Just leave what you are doing, turn off your phone, the Internet and hug your child. Play with him, ask for news and spend time together.
• The child wants to get what he wants - the little man understands perfectly where the parents’ pain points are and knows how to put pressure on them. Therefore, if mom or dad pay off their whims financially, then the child will quickly learn to use new scheme. It is very important to teach a child to negotiate and look for new solutions to his problems.

Nature has designed it in such a way that a child’s crying evokes a strong emotional reaction in adults. This is very good, because sometimes reflection saves the life and health of a little person. If a child cries all the time, then you need to understand why he does this.

Infants

Many parents remember the age from birth to three or four months with horror. Why is the child constantly capricious and crying during this period? The following reasons can be identified:

• The baby is hungry - sometimes the mother does not have enough milk or the artificial formula does not suit him. If a child does not gain weight well, doctors recommend starting additional complementary feeding.
• Colic is thought to be caused by gas in the intestines. Therefore, a nursing mother should monitor her diet and exclude a number of foods containing fiber. In addition, the pediatrician usually prescribes drops that help improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
• A cold or ear infection - a doctor will help eliminate this problem. And the mother must promptly report any problems that have arisen and changes in the baby’s behavior.
• Wet diapers - many children react sharply to untimely change of clothes. Therefore, you should use diapers or change your child’s clothes on time.
• Feeling of loneliness - children miss adults and calm down immediately after being held.

Unfortunately, it is very difficult for inexperienced parents to determine why a child is constantly naughty and crying. Therefore, they should listen carefully to the baby and respond to his needs immediately.

Whims in one year

When the baby grows up, he faces the first prohibitions. Children often react very violently: they scream, throw things, and stomp their feet. If parents are aware of age-related characteristics, then, to the extent possible, they will be able to prevent What to do when a child (1 year) screams and cries? The baby is capricious for various reasons. So first you need to define them:

• A child is capricious due to illness or internal conflict - he does not understand why he feels bad, and expresses his protest in a way that is accessible to him.
• Protests against excessive care - wants more freedom, refuses clothing offered or returning home from a walk.
• Strives to copy his parents - let him participate in his affairs. Thanks to this, you will be able to constantly be nearby, and at the same time teach your baby to use new objects.
• Reacts to emotional stress - excessive severity and control causes the child to have bouts of crying. Therefore, try to treat him as a person, and not an object that must unquestioningly carry out your will.

Don't forget that there are also invisible reasons for children's tears. Sometimes a child is constantly capricious and cries only because his temperament is of the weak type. This means that the baby quickly becomes overexcited, reacts sharply to stimuli and instantly gets tired. With age, he will learn to manage his behavior, but for now it is important to monitor his daily routine and timely rest.

Two years

At this difficult age, even the most docile children turn into little tyrants. Parents complain that they cannot cope with the whims and demands of the baby. Many children have problems sleeping, there is increased excitability, and sometimes the first tantrums. So, what causes of whims can be identified when a child is 2 years old:

• Socialization - at this age, a child must learn new rules of communication and interaction with other people. Therefore, he reacts sharply to restrictions that affect his independence and freedom of action.
• Mastering speech - until the child can formulate in words what he feels or wants to do. Therefore, he relieves nervous tension by screaming and crying.
• Unspent energy - it is very important that the baby can actively move and play during the day. Stiffness leads to the fact that in the evening he cannot calm down and fall asleep.
• Emotional stress - the baby feels the emotions of adults, has a hard time experiencing family conflicts and quarrels between adults.

When a child is 2 years old, he enters a crisis phase. Therefore, it is so important to treat his personal problems with understanding and respond to them correctly.

Crisis of three years

The new stage of the baby’s development is accompanied by a violent reaction on his part. At this age, he becomes aware of himself as an individual, and the pronoun “I” appears in his speech. The child tries to do everything himself, but does not always succeed. Therefore, he “takes revenge” on his parents with tears and screams. What should I do? Psychologists advise you to come to terms with the situation and just get through it.

What to do if your child is constantly naughty and crying

Each parent finds his own solution to the problem. The chosen path will not always lead to a positive result, and sometimes it even worsens the situation. What to do if the baby is crying:

When to see a doctor

Experts consider it normal for a baby to show his dissatisfaction two or three times a week. If a child is constantly capricious and cries, and even more so throws real tantrums, then this is a reason to seek help from a qualified specialist. Perhaps just a few visits to child psychologist will help restore peace and tranquility in the family.

Conclusion

Every parent should understand that whims at an early age are absolutely normal. Therefore, it is so important to learn to recognize the causes and eliminate them in time.

Your child often cries, but you see no reason for this. Believe me, this doesn't happen. There is always a reason for tears. You will learn about why a baby may cry, how to find out the reason, how to prevent tearfulness, from the wonderful book of practicing child psychiatrist Alevtina Lugovskaya. Using her advice and recommendations, you will not only change your baby’s character, but also learn how to become both a mother and a true friend.

Chapter 1. Why is the baby crying?

Let's first, dear parents, figure out what baby crying is and what can cause it. Finding out this is important, because only by knowing the roots of tears can both be eliminated. And I also want to say that parents who, not understanding why a child endlessly sheds tears, think wrongly and therefore consider crying to be causeless. Believe me, this doesn't happen.

Crying is a signal that occurs reflexively in infants due to feelings of hunger, thirst, desire to sleep and the urge to naturally recover. Subsequently, crying signals any unpleasant, unbearable feeling that reaches the level of affect: acute anxiety and fear, sadness and melancholy, irritation and excitement.

The various functions of crying - whim (hysteria), protest, request, demand, complaint (resentment), crying-signal, crying-release - constitute a complex psychological structure, that is, a unique language.

For outsiders, a child's crying is an unpleasant irritant. Mom always knows how to catch notes in it that indicate what her baby wants. If adults try to use any means to stop a child's crying, they risk not only increasing the distance between themselves and him, but also erecting a real wall of indifference and misunderstanding.

However, there are children who clearly cry more than others. They shed tears for every reason: sympathizing with their favorite fairy tale characters or seeing a dead butterfly, hearing screams and loud voices, experiencing physical pain or entering into conflict with someone.

Crying is a strong mental experience, a kind of emotional shock that occurs against the background of previous tension, excitement or inhibition.

It can be the result of a release of tension, like an overflowing thundercloud from which rain pours down. The relief experienced after crying to some extent helps to improve mood, thus representing a means of regulating emotional tone.

Sometimes crying indicates a limitation of vital interests and needs that the child cannot reconcile with, a humiliation of his self-esteem, insult and resentment. Often it arises as a way of attracting the attention of parents, as a kind of request for help, intervention, or resolution of one or another troubling problem. For emotionally indifferent parents, the baby's cry in this case reaches the gradation of a cry of despair, as if calling on them to be more responsive to him. He thus complains about the one who offended him, about his poor health, pain, and inability to realize his desires.

Many parents complain about the restless behavior of their children: whims, irritability, tears over every little thing, turning into hysterics when the child falls to the floor and starts kicking or kicking. We must try to find out the reason for this behavior and try to eliminate it.

Especially often, a mother is alarmed by the inexplicable cry of an infant. In such cases, if you are convinced that there is no visible reason for concern, and the doctor, having examined him, concluded that he is healthy, you should not run up to him at his every cry, pick him up and please him, feed him at the wrong time, just to calm him down. . Otherwise, the baby will get used to the fact that by screaming he can achieve everything he wants. Incorrect techniques will only calm him for a short time.

Let's start with the fact that when we cry in the first years of our life, the baby expresses natural needs, that is, he wants to eat, drink, relieve himself, or he is uncomfortable in wet clothes. The child does not yet know how to speak and expresses all his desires through crying, thereby attracting the attention of his parents.

Later, when the baby learns to pronounce his first words and, it would seem, should already express his desires with them, he still cries and is capricious if he wants something. This happens reflexively, because the subconscious contains information about this method of fulfilling desires.

Nervous irritability often arises in him if he persistently demands the impossible. Sometimes he doesn’t need this object at all, he’s just used to getting his way with screams and tears.

It is also possible that already at an early age a child is taught to be calm and cheerful only in the presence of adults. He feels comfortable only when someone is nearby and they pay attention to him. And this is undesirable, as it is fraught with unpleasant consequences.

If the baby does not find something to do and feels the need for direct contact with his parents, he can express his desire in order to attract the attention of adults by crying, whining, complaining about various misfortunes and thus achieve his goal. If he is very small, they will pick him up and try to calm him down, that is, they will show him some attention.

Communication means a lot to a baby. Those parents who pay enough attention to this do the right thing. But you shouldn’t indulge and fulfill all your whims: give everything you ask, constantly take him in your arms and constantly be near him, throwing away all your affairs and worries.

Around the sixth week of life, often when evening falls, the baby begins to cry, writhe, and show signs of illness. At the same time, he is clean, he has drunk enough water, he is not hot... This condition is called “evening restlessness.” Don't be alarmed. This often happens, but passes, as it corresponds to the phase of restless awakening, which disappears by the third month of life. He has no other way to discharge the tension accumulated during the day, and he discharges himself in this way. Consider these to be the difficulties of a newborn adjusting to the rhythms of day and night.

When a baby starts teething, he becomes very irritable and whiny. Teething is a very painful process: the gums swell, itch and hurt, saliva runs heavily, and the temperature rises.

Crying can also be a consequence of an emotional disorder, when the baby is afraid or is unable to express his feelings and desires out loud. This is possible when in contact with strangers, people unfamiliar to him. Often on the street or in transport we hear such expressions: “Stop squealing, otherwise I’ll give you to your uncle!” or “If you kick your aunt, she will take you with her!”

Usually such threats produce a negative result. But there are children with a very sensitive and vulnerable psyche; such warnings make a very strong impression on them and cause fear. And the words “Come on, come on, I’ll take her to my place!” can cause panic at the prospect of spending your whole life in the company of strangers. After all, the baby takes everything said at face value.

Such threats develop in children a persistent rejection of strangers, and in the future they feel free and at ease only in familiar surroundings, in the circle of loved ones and relatives.

If a baby is cold or hot, and he doesn’t know how to say it, he naturally starts crying. He also expresses his emotions when he gets into his pants. Of course, who would like to walk around in wet clothes! And the baby loudly calls for correction of annoying misunderstandings.

Irritability, tears and whims are sometimes the result of an overload of impressions when you take him shopping, visiting, walking in the park, going to the zoo or riding on a carousel, where there are a lot of people and noise. Kids react differently to noise and large crowds of people: some quickly get used to it, while others are very afraid and may even get sick as a result.

The baby does not want to go to bed, so he begins to be capricious and cry. All your tenderness may not be enough if the child does not want to go to bed; his crying fills every corner of the house. Resolving this situation will require a lot of patience. Such crying should be treated as a process of gradual re-education, like breaking the habit of a bad habit.

Children, like adults, also have dreams. But since the child cannot yet find an explanation for many objects and phenomena, they naturally frighten him. As you know, we most often have dreams related to previous events. And if he dreams of something unfamiliar, incomprehensible, this causes his fear and, as a result, tears. In other words, the baby had a nightmare.

He may cry not only because bad dream. There is a lot in the world that the child does not yet know and cannot explain, hence the strong fear, and the baby begins to cry to the point of hysteria and painful spasms.

When a child gets sick and cannot explain what hurts him, he begins to cry in pain, be capricious, refuse to eat, and sleep restlessly.

In the first years of his life, he is under constant supervision of a local doctor. It is very important that he is not afraid of his visit. Usually children tie white robe with pain, injections, an unpleasant sensation when they listen to him or look at the neck, and begin to cry, even to the point of hysteria, resist, fight, do not allow the doctor to examine him, push his hands away.

Crying is a natural reaction if a baby falls or gets hit. Of course it hurts him. Children generally take their failures very seriously. Even if he hit himself slightly, he will still make a whole tragedy out of it, because it is important for him that they pay attention to him, sympathize with him and feel sorry for him.

Sometimes children do not want to wear what their parents offer them - and again there are whims, tears and other actions, including throwing away clothes.

Not all children quickly get used to kindergarten. Sometimes it takes a lot of effort and patience to adapt to a new environment and get used to other children. After all, the child considered it natural that his mother should always be with him. Finding himself in an unfamiliar environment and losing sight of his parents, the baby gets scared and begins to look for them, expressing his dissatisfaction by crying.

He may cry if he is hurt by other children. For example, he was pushed, a toy was not shared, a book with interesting pictures was taken away...

By crying, he expresses dissatisfaction when something doesn’t work out for him. For example, a child tried to put on socks on his own, but unsuccessfully. The toe turns over, the foot does not want to get into it. The baby begins to get nervous and cry, as if attracting the attention of adults to help him.

In the first years, children sweat a lot and wear diapers or onesies. All this negatively affects the condition of their skin. Therefore, it is very important to bathe them regularly. But not everyone likes water procedures and expresses their dissatisfaction by screaming and crying, organizing “concerts”, attracting the attention of not only family and friends, but even neighbors who listen in bewilderment to the loud screams behind the wall and painfully wonder what they are doing to them. a child, since he cries so hysterically.

Tears may be the result of punishment. In general, they greatly influence the mental development of the child. He can withdraw and become embittered, as he sees connections between his behavior and punishment, assessing it only as violence from adults.

Punishment for no reason seems especially offensive to a child when he is not at all to blame. For example, while walking, someone pushed him into the mud, naturally, he got dirty, got scared and burst into tears. Arriving home, he looks for sympathy from his mother, and she starts yelling at him because she will have to do the laundry again. She didn’t understand the situation and didn’t ask him about how it happened. As a result, the child, crying and offended, stands in the corner, serving his punishment.

A crying child, being in a state of passion, does not perceive comments, advice, orders well, which means that it is useless to educate while crying. It is unacceptable to punish him when he is crying, since he can easily forget what he was punished for, and the very state of crying is inherently a punishment for him.

There is a common belief that children's tears are easy to dry. Indeed, the duration emotional state in children under five years of age is relatively small, but the strength of emotions is not inferior to, and sometimes even exceeds, a similar state in adults.

The grief of a child over the loss of a beloved kitten is no less great than the grief of an adult who has lost a loved one. And it’s simply impossible to brush him off in such a situation, even if he forgets about it in two weeks. What about the fear of being abandoned in the kindergarten locker room? Adults think that 15 minutes will not change anything, and they are wrong.

Experiences and emotions require a lot of energy, so don’t oversaturate your baby’s day with a complex of events, even pleasant ones. This can cause unexpected vomiting, fussiness, tearfulness, and sleep disturbances.

Chapter 2. What should parents do?

You can’t ignore the crying of your son or daughter at all. This can cause irreparable damage to trust in adults. When the crying is clearly hysterical, the best thing is not to reinforce it with increased attention, but to provide an opportunity for the release of nervous tension. In other cases, crying should be dealt with, which is only possible with confidential contact and a guarantee of no punishment.

First of all, the baby cries, expressing natural needs. This is very easy to find out by offering him something to eat or drink. He cries and says that his diaper or clothes are wet. Check and change them. An older child may be asking to use the potty. Acting in such a situation is as easy as shelling pears: put him on the potty and stay with him, distract him with conversation or show him a toy.

He may cry if he is hot or, conversely, cold. You will determine this by the condition of his skin: the skin will be wet, sweaty if he is hot, and cool, with pimples (goose bumps) if the baby is cold. Having found out the reason, try to eliminate it. In general, it is very undesirable for children to overheat; this is worse for them than cold. Don’t make him a sissy, don’t wrap him up, turning him into cabbage, this will lead to diseases faster.

Tearfulness and moodiness are most often the result of illness. He may cry out because his tummy hurts or he has been missing stool for more than the allotted time. To eliminate discomfort, use a light abdominal massage. The massage is performed clockwise with stroking movements. Keep your hands warm and use baby cream for better sliding of hands over his body.

If there is no effect, remove the gases. To do this, place the baby on his left side and bend his legs, pressing them to his tummy. You can use another method - insert a gas outlet tube. The last resort, if there is no positive result, is an enema. Place the baby on his left side and give him an enema with warm boiled water.

If any serious illness occurs, do not self-medicate under any circumstances, because you do not know what the child is sick with. Call your local doctor at home. The first symptoms of the disease, as a rule, are lethargy, drowsiness, and refusal to eat. Please note the condition skin, look at the neck, check the stool. Be sure to measure your body temperature.

As you know, when a child is sick, his appetite decreases, so do not force feed him, do not give him as much food as possible. Another important point: even if the baby is sick, do not force him in bed. Since constant stay in bed is accompanied by crying due to the reluctance to lie down, know that the baby will spend no less energy on tears than on walking.

Dress it appropriately for the temperature, but in no case should you dress half of your wardrobe - overheating is very dangerous for children, especially when they are sick.

It often happens that even after recovery a nervous and tearful state persists. Be patient. Do not respond to him with your irritation and screams, but first of all, take care of strict adherence to the established regime in accordance with the condition and age of the child: put him to bed on time, feed him properly and spend time in the fresh air more often. Give your child as much care and affection as possible, because even an adult, when sick, requires increased attention. Try to distract him from the consequences that the disease has led to (weakness, imbalance), do not disturb his usual routine, this can only do harm.

The child cries, is capricious, and does not want to go to the doctor. First of all, you need to talk to him, explain why you are going to the clinic and how this visit will go. The relationship between the child and the doctor develops through the parents, because it is they who bring him to the appointment, explain the reason for the visit, the symptoms of the disease. Therefore, it is very important to explain to him that there is nothing terrible in such a visit, that he will not be hurt there. Under no circumstances should you frighten a child with injections or going to the hospital. Imagine that you can instill in your child fear and hostility towards people in white coats for the rest of his life.

The child is capricious, cries, and does not want to go to bed. Of course, from the first days of his life he got used to your constant presence, he doesn’t want to part, leave his toys and go to bed. He needs you to be around for a while. Sit on the edge of the bed, tell him some good story, fairy tale, read a book or just look at pictures with him. You can quietly sing a song or just talk about your day.

This will allow the baby to finish his day calmly. Ask him about what interesting things happened, share your affairs with him, but do it in a way that he can understand. His favorite toy should be nearby so he can reach it. After all, children love to sleep with toys. At this moment, you should give your baby maximum attention and affection, as this is very important for him and for you and helps strengthen your relationship.

Sometimes the baby, on the contrary, is capricious because he wants to sleep, but cannot fall asleep. Soothe him, caress him, give him a relaxing massage. Stay with him a little, try to get him to sleep.

To teach your baby to go to bed voluntarily, the first step is to calm him down. Let him cry for a few minutes, then go over and cuddle him. Gradually increase the time gap before coming to him when he begins to cry. Over time, he will understand that he was not abandoned when he sleeps, his loving parents are nearby. You will let him know that you love him, that you are always with him. This way he will calm down, get used to it and fall asleep without whims.

If your baby refuses to eat, do not force-feed him or yell at him. Be patient. Tell me what you need to eat to grow big and healthy, like your dad; Place the toy on the table and “feed” it, alternating one spoon for the doll, the other for him. There is another well-known way - to eat a spoon for each family member: for dad, for mom, for grandma...

Your baby does not like and does not want to bathe. What to do in such a situation? First of all, try to explain to him why this is being done. Tell us how important it is to keep your body clean. Remember the fairy tale “Moidodyr” about a boy from whom all his clothes ran away because he was dirty. Remind him how he was sick in Lately, and try to convince him that if he takes a bath, he will never get sick.

Use a variety of washable toys. Now there are many wind-up waterfowl toys that can distract him while swimming. Let's go together bubble. The most important thing is that you should be nearby; under no circumstances leave the baby alone in the bathroom, because he may not only choke, but also be very frightened by the water.

Sometimes the reluctance to bathe is due to soap or shampoo getting into the eyes. He continues to have unpleasant sensations, so he begins to cry. Use special detergents for children that will not cause irritation if they come into contact with the eyes.

The baby becomes stubborn and does not want to get dressed, begins to get nervous, cry, and throw his clothes around. Find out why he is protesting. Maybe he wants to wear his favorite thing, let him make the choice himself, if possible. Or, after showing the item, interest her in some pattern, say that the blouse or pants are beautiful, warm and comfortable.

Sometimes a baby doesn't like clothes because he feels uncomfortable in them, but he can't express it in words. If you go outside and your child objects to a warm jacket, explain that it is cold outside and show that you will also dress warmly. But under no circumstances should you start screaming or forcefully dress the child. This will negatively affect your future relationships.

The baby grows, develops, learns, and acquires some skills. When something doesn’t work out for him, he may burst into tears and throw objects and toys around. In this case, when we cry, he calls you for help, since he cannot cope on his own. Find out what he wants. Help him do this, but don't yell at him, and certainly don't help him silently. It might look something like this: “Let me help you. I’ll show you how to do it, and you can repeat it” or “Let’s do it together.”

The child does not want to go to a nursery or kindergarten. Keep in mind that he finds himself in an unfamiliar environment and the period of adaptation can be very different - some people get used to it very quickly, while others will need more time. After all, the baby is deprived of your presence and is very afraid to be left in an unfamiliar environment without you.

Explain to him why you are sending him to kindergarten. Try to convince him that you are doing this not to get rid of him, not because you are tired of him, you are tired or you have more important things to do, but to help him spend his time more interesting and richer.

In order for the baby to adapt faster, effort and patience are needed. Under no circumstances should you force a child into kindergarten, yell at him and scare him that you won’t take him home if he doesn’t stop crying. Try to ensure that going to kindergarten does not become a psychological trauma for him, but, on the contrary, turns out to be a joyful event. He should be prepared for this in advance.

Arriving at kindergarten, the child should already have the skills to wash himself, dress independently, and sit on the potty. Therefore, instill in him the necessary household skills in advance so that he has more time for games and does not have annoying problems associated with the inability to do something on his own.

Tell us more about kindergarten, about what the child will do there. Be sure to tell him that he is already big and you are proud of him, because now he can go to kindergarten, just like you can go to work.

Try to convince him that they won’t hurt you in the kindergarten, that there are other children and toys there. You can take his favorite toy with you to make him feel calmer, since a piece of home and everything he is used to is with him. Don't run away as soon as you bring your baby. Slowly undress him and lead him by the hand into the group, interest him in something so that the baby is distracted.

There are children who cannot get used to kindergarten for a very long time; they are afraid to go there, resist, and cry. In a group, they hide in a corner, don’t play with anyone, and avoid teachers. First of all, try to talk with the child, establish the reason, maybe the teachers treat him badly or are offended by other children?

In kindergarten, during communication, children, like adults, may experience conflict situations. Most often this happens because of toys. They may push him, offend him, or take away the toy he wanted to play with. Talk to him and, having found out the reason, try to eliminate it, but this does not mean that you urgently need to transfer the baby to another nursery or kindergarten. Be patient, act gradually, ask him in detail about what he did and who he played with. All this will help him believe that he will be fine in kindergarten, and he can play perfectly well with other children before his mother arrives.

As you know, children are very fond of outdoor games, they love to run around and very often fall and get dirty. You can’t punish or shout for this. This is natural for his age and very useful for his development. Imagine what will happen to a child if he sits quietly on a chair, losing his usual mobility? Muscle weakness may develop, he will be more prone to diseases, and lag behind his peers.

If your baby falls, gets hit hard, or scrapes his knees, don’t yell at him, he’s already scared. Try to calm down, distract, and carefully treat the wounds. Explain that it is not so scary and will heal soon.

If the baby is “overloaded” with impressions, it is difficult for him to understand and perceive the large amount of information received, to “digest” it, he begins to be capricious and cry. You need to talk to him about his impressions, try to find out what annoys him or, conversely, interests him. If he doesn’t understand something, don’t brush it off, try to explain it to him so that he understands.

Under no circumstances should you frighten or deceive a child. The shock caused by fear can have a detrimental effect on his psyche; he may begin to stutter, twitch, and will be afraid of the dark, loud sounds, or a room in which no one is present. If the baby is capricious and crying, do not under any circumstances scare him with wolves, witches and other scary characters, this can lead to the development of mental illness.

Sometimes a baby may cry because he is simply bored. Try to cheer him up. Offer him something to do, do something together. Get your child interested. Look at a picture book, play something, and ultimately just talk to him. Very often, parents brush off their children, citing their fatigue and busyness. All this can end quite badly. He will withdraw into himself, harbor a grudge, and you risk losing not only his trust, but also the child as a person.

There is no simple and universal recipe here. However, we can say with confidence that sensitivity and vulnerability are signs of the mental makeup of such children, properties of their nervous system. You cannot change these innate characteristics at will. Moreover, such means of educational influence as persuasion, reproaches, punishment, shouting, ridicule will not help here, and will most likely even bring a negative result. Any violent measures will cause an increase in tension and anxiety, will further weaken the baby’s nervous system, and will take away strength and self-confidence.

Even the most loving parents will not be able to protect their child from life’s troubles, because you cannot keep your child under a glass bell all the time. Therefore, the simplest tactic in dealing with such children is not to get annoyed by their crying. But being with them is the best way to calm them down. Let him feel that you are ready to help him, because this is so important to him.

Try to switch his attention to something else, give him some specific task so that it interests the baby and, of course, is within his power.

In short, the most important thing that is required from parents is patience. Do not forget that high emotional sensitivity is closely related to responsiveness, kindness, cordiality, willingness to help, to defend the weak, and these are very valuable human qualities!

Therefore, no matter how strange it may sound, listen to the child’s cry, delve into its meaning, and do not try to interrupt it as quickly as possible, to dry the child’s tears. Crying and tears - language children's communication, so do not be deaf to it just because you have forgotten how to speak it yourself.

If a child is afraid of strangers, of course, he expresses this through tears. Fear of strangers is a typical form of maladjusted behavior in a child. It is at this time that he very urgently needs your support, understanding, and protection. A calm, friendly family atmosphere helps relieve stress and makes it easy to cope with the problem.

The child’s world is still mostly limited to the walls of the house, courtyard or kindergarten, so the appearance of an unfamiliar face makes the child wary. If a stranger behaves harmlessly from his point of view, for example, does not touch his toys, does not grab his parents in his arms, the wariness gradually disappears. Otherwise, it can develop into panic fear and even persistent phobia.

It’s good when parents are understanding about this problem. This means that they will not allow themselves to commit violence against a child just for the sake of demonstrating to their friends their achievements in the field of educating the younger generation.

If your baby is crying, do not rush to call a doctor or stuff him with pills and mixtures, just pat him on the head. The mother's warm, soft hands touched the baby, stroked the back, tummy, chest, lingered a little longer on the forehead, and the baby calmed down.

Amazing effect, right? But this is nothing unusual. It has been known since ancient times that massage has a calming effect, especially if it is done by the mother. She seems to convey her warmth and calmness to the baby, and he stops crying and being capricious. By showing maximum patience and attention, in the future you will be rewarded for this with the health and well-being of your child.

Chapter 3. Mom + baby = friendship

How to gain a child's trust? How to get him to open up? Parents ask themselves this question very often, but sometimes, unfortunately, it is too late, when it is very difficult to regain lost trust, respect and authority.

First of all, there is no need to lose this trust. After all, from the very first days of his existence, the baby sees his protection in you and always runs to his mother when someone offends him or something doesn’t work out for him. So don’t rush to disrupt the physical and emotional unity, arising between you and the child. Smile, talk to your baby, and it doesn’t matter that he doesn’t understand the meaning of your words, the main thing for him is that you communicate with him, the intonation with which you pronounce the words matters.

The unity established between you and the baby from the very first days of his existence will, of course, change over time, but will still remain the unity of mother and child, only transformed into a new, meaningful quality. You will get rid of many problems if you become not only a mother to him, but also a friend.

A child is able to feel and understand whether he is loved, whether he is happy, and whether he is treated with respect. This means that it is not enough to tell him that he is loved, he must fully find confirmation of this, so that it does not turn out that you tell him about your love, but in fact he feels very lonely.

Deception leads to the child gradually losing trust in adults, because he expects danger at any moment. Constant vigilance unnerves him, makes him fearful and whiny. Under no circumstances should you fraudulently obtain anything from him.

For example, if mom went to the store, and dad says that mom will be back soon and bring something sweet, the baby starts running from window to window in anticipation. And when mother finally comes and does not bring the sweets promised by father, he becomes disappointed and cries out of resentment. If this happens repeatedly, the baby will stop trusting you.

The lack of maternal love and attention leads to the fact that the baby withdraws into himself and becomes lonely next to loved ones. But childhood loneliness is a pretty scary thing. Parents are engaged in solving their problems: career, finances, personal life, leaving the child to his own devices, limiting the relationship with him exclusively to issues of care.

Communication with peers is very important. And if the child is embarrassed to make contact with other children, he needs help. Adult help is invaluable here. He needs to be introduced to other children by name, asked what they are playing and whether they will accept another participant. Usually among the guys there is always someone who takes the newcomer under his wing and helps him get used to the new company.

But sometimes it happens that they can offend him, call him names, or come up with an offensive nickname for him. After such incidents, the child withdraws, preferring loneliness.

It may turn out that he was made unsociable by his own misconduct, which caused severe emotional stress. While playing with other children, the baby could inadvertently drop his friend or get hit by a snowball... The sight of blood and inconsolable sobs can have a strong impact on the baby’s psyche. As a result, he gives up his usual games, does not communicate with friends, does not go outside, sits at home for hours, and responds to all persuasion with a stream of tears.

In this case, you cannot persuade him or swear. You can help him restore his peace of mind by talking and explaining the situation so that his guilt complex dissipates.

The busyness of modern adults is one of the signs of our time, when parents manage, in addition to their main job, to run part-time jobs, have two jobs, and take work home. What if a child is raised by a single mother? Here the issue of raising a normal, full-fledged person is very acute.

The decision to have a child is associated with the acceptance by adults of responsibility for its fate. But it is by no means wrong to consider oneself the root cause of everything that happens to him. The child is able to take responsibility for his actions. Once you ask him to do something himself, he will understand that he must be responsible for his actions. Endless instructions and parting words, and even more so, complaints and lamentations after his unseemly act, will lead him to aggression.

To understand your child, change his behavior, establish contact or regain lost trust, you must first change yourself. Open your eyes. After all, you were used to forbidding him from everything and demanded unconditional submission. It's convenient for you. But try to understand that the child has his own “I”, his own affairs, aspirations, needs, independence. Once you realize this, you will be able to soberly assess your relationship with him.

Analyze your behavior, your attitude towards the baby, every gesture, word, action, put yourself in his place, and this will allow you to establish mutual understanding.

It is important to understand that education is cooperation, interaction, mutual influence, mutual enrichment (emotional, moral, spiritual, intellectual) between adults and the child.

In order to successfully raise a child, parents must certainly correct their behavior, engage in self-education, and not set bad examples. If you want to get him to unquestioningly fulfill your demands, which you don’t actually follow yourself, this will only be possible through coercive measures: the child will fulfill the demands formally, out of fear of punishment. This fear ultimately gives rise to deception, hypocrisy, cunning...

Do we understand our children? To understand a person means to see the reasons for his actions, to explain the motives that prompted him to act in a certain way. To learn to understand, it is necessary to reduce the excessive demands that he simply cannot fulfill.

You can explain a child’s behavior by analyzing the conditions under which his development occurs. If a child is constantly shouted at or used physical punishment, he will most likely develop a need to avoid such shocks and, as a result, such negative traits as deceitfulness, timidity, distrust, aggressiveness will appear...

If the child was protected from work and adults did everything for him, the child becomes lazy, weak-willed, will avoid any business, which means he will pretend, ingratiate himself, deceive, deceive.

Another option is when the baby was simply spoiled: they bought expensive things and toys, and did not deny him anything. Such a child develops exorbitant claims, but at the same time the inability to take care of things and appreciate the work put into them. Remember that the lack of communication cannot be filled with expensive toys, things, or unquestioning fulfillment of all his desires.

The baby’s intelligence, thinking, ability to worry, and interest in knowledge will develop poorly if you haven’t read books to him or talked to him a little. After all, intellectual inclinations are laid in early childhood, so communicate with him, teach him to love books, but do not force him to read - you will get the opposite, negative effect.

Sometimes parents are very zealous in their children's education. WITH early age they hire tutors, send them to prestigious kindergartens and educational establishments with special biases, loaded with music schools, dancing, etc. But somehow they forget to ask him whether he likes all this. Please note that a very small number of children enjoy singing, dancing, and music.

Don't overload your baby with things he isn't interested in. Try to find out his passions and choose an appropriate activity. Give him the right to choose, the right to decide for himself what to do.

Develop your children's abilities from early childhood. Awaken attention in their souls, arouse ideas and observation. To do this, use a variety of objects, teach them to describe them, talk about their purpose. Develop mental abilities that will help your child find himself in the future.

To develop a sense of love and compassion in your child, you can get a pet. He will proudly tell everyone that he has a hamster or a kitten. Show your child how to properly care for him, what to feed him, and how to handle him in general. If you notice that he is offending the animal, explain that it is also alive and in pain. Tell them that the animal has lost its parents, it is very lonely, and it needs someone to take care of it.

Teach him to take care of the animal himself, and you will see what the result will be. This will instill in him not only a love for nature and animals, but will help him understand his importance, his necessity for someone, and relieve him of the feeling of loneliness. The child will look at your relationship with him with different eyes, which will help strengthen it.

Understand that what the baby is doing is extremely important to him, even if it seems to you that this is not the case. Let me give you an example from my practice. A young mother came to my appointment and told me: “One day my son came up to me and asked me to play with him. At that time I was watching an interesting program and explained to the baby that I was busy now and would play with him later. After some time, going into the child’s room, I saw that he was putting a toy under the bed, then taking it out and putting it back again. I called the child for lunch, to which I received the following answer: “I’m busy right now, I’ll come back later.”

The woman did not know how to react to such an answer. This happened repeatedly. I explained to the young mother that the child imitates her in everything, and, in his opinion, what he does is very important for him. Therefore, he does not understand his mother’s indignation at his behavior. After all, he was waiting for the program that was important for his mother to end. So why doesn't she want to wait?

Sometimes, in order for a child to understand what care and respect are, he himself needs to take care of someone. For example, you came home from work, you’re tired, you have a bad headache, there’s trouble at work. The kid looks at you inquisitively, wondering why you are in such a state. Ask him to bring you something to drink. Tell him, without going into details, that you were offended at work, let the child show sympathy, let him feel sorry for you. This way he will understand that you need him and cannot live without him.

If you notice your baby has a tendency to lie, try to discover the reason. Lies often arise from fear of punishment. Do not punish him too harshly, especially since corporal cruel punishment should be avoided. Try to find out why the child lied, delve into his problem. Maybe by talking to him, you will save him not only from this vice, fear, but also from other complexes.

Allow the baby to show his importance, take into account his desires (reasonable, of course!). After all, self-expression is the main, urgent need of human nature.

Allow your baby to participate in your activities, no matter what you are doing - mopping the floor or preparing breakfast. It is very important for him to feel that he is trusted to do something on an equal basis with adults. After all, children from an early age begin to imitate their parents, very quickly absorbing everything they see and hear. Involving a child in some activities not only accustoms him to work, but also brings him closer to his parents. Such a child will treat his parents and what they do with respect and understanding.

It is not necessary to entrust your child with something difficult that he is not able to cope with. Give him a task that he can complete: wash his cup, wipe the dust off the table, and finally put away his toys. Praise him, tell him that he helped you a lot and you couldn’t have done it without him.

Do not scream under any circumstances if your baby tries to do something he is unable to cope with. See how he tries to do it, help him. Tell him he's great.

If, for example, you decide to sew something for yourself, and your daughter is hanging around with a doll, involve her in your activity. Give him scraps of fabric and let him do something too. If something doesn't work out for her, help her. Don't forget about praise, because it means a lot to a child.

Or another situation: dad is making a shelf for the hallway. My little son is spinning around nearby, grabbing tools and nails and getting underfoot. Don't shoo him away, don't be afraid that he will hit his fingers with a hammer or drop a tool on his foot. Let him help, tell him that nothing will work without him. Give a task that he will happily complete and that it will be safe for him. You will see an amazing result when your son proudly tells everyone that he and his dad made a shelf.

Joint games, which bring not only pleasure, but also educational information, have a very beneficial effect on the relationship with the child. Children's games are their main occupation, but they should be directed in such a way that they stimulate the harmonious activity of all the child's mental abilities, avoiding one-sidedness.

Offer him a speed game, like who will assemble faster pyramid. Of course, you should give in, and when the baby proudly shows that he was the first to do it, praise him.

By playing with your baby or doing something, you get closer to him. The child is interested in you, you are one whole.

Walking has a very beneficial effect on family relationships. You've probably often seen a picture where a baby, holding tightly to the hands of mom and dad, proudly walks along for a walk. Run with him, play some games, swing on a swing, roll in the snow or throw snowballs at a target. Walking together not only lifts your spirits, but also contributes to a better physical development baby, but also strengthen relationships.

Small children, it would seem, at such an unintelligent age, surprisingly subtly perceive any, including the most intimate, feelings of their parents. Under normal conditions, it is the harmonious combination of these feelings that creates a child’s feeling of confidence and happiness.

In order for mutual understanding and trust to exist between you, you must give all your love and attention to the baby, teach the child to work, respect adults, and value friendship from early childhood. Give him as much attention as possible, do not brush off his childhood problems like an annoying fly.

Try to become a true friend to your child, and then you will see his shining eyes and understand that for him you are not just a mother, an object of adoration and admiration, reliable protection and support, you are his most faithful and reliable friend.