Forensic examination of parent-child relationships - who conducts it and on what principles. Forensic examination Questions for examination to diagnose intra-family relationships

- Family psychological examination

Currently, in Russia there is an increase in the number of divorces; every year more than 600 thousand children experience family breakdown. The situation of divorce is certainly a crisis event for all family members, and especially for children who find themselves in the center of conflicting relationships between adults. The lack of consent of parents on issues of upbringing and place of residence of their child leads to protracted conflicts, legal disputes, and appeals to the guardianship and trusteeship authorities.

According to the current Family Code of the Russian Federation, parents have equal rights and equal responsibilities in relation to their children. The place of residence of a child if the parents live separately and there is no agreement between them is determined by the court “based on the interests of the child and taking into account the opinion of the children” (Part 3 of Article 65 of the RF IC). The right of a parent living separately to “communicate with the child, participate in his upbringing and resolve issues related to the child’s education” can be realized only if “if such communication does not cause harm to the physical and mental health of the child, his moral development"(Part 1 of Article 66 of the RF IC).

When deciding questions about determining the child’s place of residence and the procedure for meetings with the separated parent, the court is primarily guided by the “interests of the child.” Determining the “interests of the child” is a complex task, which is both legal and psychological in nature.

In order to establish the true motives of both parties, the structure of child-parent relationships, the quality of the educational functions of parents, and assess the degree of attachment of the child to each of the parents, a family psychological examination is ordered in court. Possessing special knowledge in the field of family and medical psychology, a commission of expert psychologists carries out comprehensive studies of family members and gives an independent opinion on the questions raised by the court.

Assessing the child’s attitude towards each of the parents is a central issue when conducting a psychological examination in family disputes and one of the leading grounds for the court to determine the child’s place of residence when the parents live separately (Part 3 of Article 65 of the RF IC). The legislation enshrines the right of a child of any age to express his opinion in the judicial resolution of disputes affecting his interests (Article 57 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). However, the child’s opinion regarding his place of residence and the procedure for meetings with a parent living separately does not always correspond to his psychological interests and needs. There are frequent cases of psychological influence (pressure) on a child from one of the parents or members of his family, manifested both in the deliberate instillation of the child’s own negative position, and in the passive “psychological infection” of children with their own negative emotions.

Due to little life experience, age restrictions, and a tendency to base his decisions on the opinions of adults, a child is often unable to comprehensively comprehend the current family situation and, without any criticism, adopts the position of the adults around him. A negative attitude, a child’s emotional rejection of one of the parents (without objective, really existing reasons) negatively affects children’s mental development.

Determining the negative psychological impact on the part of one of the parents is an important task of family psychological examination. For this purpose, various psychological methods are used, both direct questioning and testing, and projective psychodiagnostic techniques aimed at identifying the child’s emotional perception of the parent and identifying hidden motivational factors of his behavior.

Within the framework of a psychological (psychological-pedagogical) examination of civil disputes regarding the child’s place of residence and the order of meetings with the separated parent, not only an individual study of the child and each of the parents is carried out, but the entire structure of family relationships is studied, hidden motivational tendencies and behavioral strategies of members are identified families. Civil case materials and other documentation provided by the court for examination by an expert commission are subject to psychological analysis.

If there are doubts about the mental integrity of one of the parties (aggressive, cruel behavior, alcohol abuse, psychoactive substances, other forms of deviant behavior), it is advisable to prescribe a comprehensive psychological and psychiatric examination.

In conclusion, we consider it important to note that all methods of psychological diagnostics used in our institution comply with the methodological requirements for the production of psychological examinations developed at the State Scientific Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry named after. V.P. Serbian. A psychological study of a child is carried out taking into account his individual psychological characteristics and the specifics of the emotional state. The methods used are appropriate for the child’s age and do not have any adverse effect on his psychological state.

In accordance with Art. 65 Family Code RF, “Parental rights cannot be exercised in conflict with the interests of children. Ensuring the interests of children should be the main concern of their parents. When implementing parental rights Parents have no right to cause harm to the physical and mental health of children or their moral development. Methods of raising children must exclude neglectful, cruel, rude, degrading treatment, insult or exploitation of children. All issues related to the upbringing and education of children are resolved by parents by mutual consent, based on the interests of the children and taking into account the opinions of the children.

Parents (one of them), if there are disagreements between them, have the right to apply for resolution of these disagreements to the guardianship and trusteeship authority or to the court. The place of residence of children in the event of separation of parents is established by agreement of the parents. In the absence of an agreement, the dispute between the parents is resolved by the court based on the interests of the children and taking into account the opinions of the children. In this case, the court takes into account the child’s attachment to each of the parents, brothers and sisters, the child’s age, moral and other personal qualities of the parents, the relationship existing between each parent and the child, the possibility of creating conditions for the child’s upbringing and development (occupation, work schedule of the parents , financial and marital status of parents, etc.).

At the request of the parents (one of them) in the manner established by civil procedural legislation, and taking into account the requirements of paragraph two of this paragraph, the court, with the obligatory participation of the guardianship and trusteeship authority, has the right to determine the place of residence of children for the period until the court decision to determine their place enters into legal force residence."

Taking into account these requirements of Russian legislation, it is obvious that in order for the court to answer questions about whether the “interests of the children” are being respected, whether one of the parents causes harm to the “mental state” or “moral development” of the child, whether someone or from parents “neglectful, cruel, rude, degrading treatment, insult or exploitation of children”, etc., it is necessary to conduct expert studies by expert psychologists.

A psychological and psychological-pedagogical examination of a child is carried out only in the presence of a legal representative of the minor. The legal representative of a minor is his parents and official guardians. In accordance with Article 64 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation, “The protection of the rights and interests of children is entrusted to their parents. Parents are the legal representatives of their children and act in defense of their rights and interests in relations with any individuals and legal entities, including in the courts, without special powers.

Parents do not have the right to represent the interests of their children if the guardianship and trusteeship authority determines that there are contradictions between the interests of parents and children. In case of disagreements between parents and children, the guardianship and trusteeship authority is obliged to appoint a representative to protect the rights and interests of the children.”

During the examination, a psychological study of the child’s personality, the level of his mental and psychological development, his relationships with parents, relatives and social environment is carried out. Also, in most cases, the child’s ability to adapt to the environment and his level of independence are examined.

In legal disputes, during which it is necessary to find out the child’s opinion regarding a particular issue, for example, which parent the child wants to live with, in addition to the child’s opinion itself, the level of suggestibility of the child and his ability to make an independent decision, understand the content of his will and make free will.

All studies are conducted using specialized and standardized psychological research methods. Medical documents and documents characterizing the child provided by the court are subject to mandatory psychological analysis. For preschool and younger children school age psychological expert research is carried out, as a rule, in the form of a game. The research is dominated by projective methods and psychodiagnostic conversation. Questionnaires are also used for older children.

Questions for examination of a child:

— What are the individual psychological characteristics of the child?

— To which parent does the child feel more psychologically attached?

— How often does a child express a desire to communicate with his mother if he lives in his father’s family?

— How often does a child express a desire to communicate with his father if he lives in his mother’s family?

— Is the child aware of the existence of conflicts between parents? What is the child’s perception of these conflicts?

— What is the child’s anxiety level? If tall, what kind? psychological factors Or is this due to circumstances?

— What is the child’s actual attitude towards each of his parents?

— What is the attitude of a minor to his parents together and to each one separately; to which of the parents does the child experience psychological and emotional attachment to a greater extent? What psychological circumstances characterize this?

- What is the real psychological attitude child to other family members (grandparents and other relatives)?

— What is the real psychological attitude of a child towards his stepmother?

— What is the real psychological attitude of a child towards his stepfather?

— Which option for a child to live with his parents will cause the least damage to the child’s psyche?

—Which parent has the greatest authority and influence for the child?

— A break with which parent can be the cause of the most severe psychological trauma for a child?

— Did the child independently or under the influence of third parties develop a desire to live with his mother (father)?

— Does the child’s level of mental development correspond to age standards?

— Does the minor show signs of increased suggestibility?

Expertise child-parent relationships (forensic examination of child-parent relations, psychological examination of child-parent relations) is one of the types of child psychological examinations or complex child psychological and psychiatric examinations, during which experts determine the relationship between the child and parents (guardians), the child’s attitude towards each of the parents, the fact of psychological or physical influence of the parents on the child is established in order to determine the further residence and order of communication of each parent with the child.

Conducting an examination of parent-child relationships, as well as conducting other psychological examinations of children, and conducting psychological examinations in general, is one of the main expert areas of activity of our Center.

When conducting an examination of parent-child relationships the psychological intra-family microclimate is determined, the child’s attitude towards each of the parents is determined, the negative or positive impact of psychological influence on the child from the parents is determined, the consequences of mental influence on the child from the parents or guardians are determined.

Based on the conducted forensic examination of parent-child relationships , ships the order of communication between parents and the child and the child’s place of residence are determined (forensic examination when determining a child’s place of residence).

Independent examination of parent-child relationships can be carried out both as part of a psychological examination of child-parent relations by expert psychologists, and as part of a comprehensive examination of child-parent relations by expert psychologists together with expert psychiatrists.

Cost of examination of parent-child relationships You can ,

or in the appropriate section - Cost of examination of parent-child relationships.

Questions of examination of child-parent relations You can ,

or in the appropriate section - Questions for the examination of parent-child relationships .

Procedural types of examinations of parent-child relationships:

Just like other types of examinations, a psychological examination of parent-child relationships, procedurally, can be:

pre-trial(extrajudicial), i.e. carried out on the basis of a request from individuals and legal entities, or lawyers, with the subsequent drawing up of a specialist opinion;

judicial, i.e. appointed and carried out by a court ruling, a resolution of an investigator or an inquiry officer, with the subsequent drawing up of an expert opinion (forensic examination of child-parent relations, examination of child-parent relations for the court, forensic psychological examination of child-parent relations, psychological examination of a child for the court).

Goals and objectives of an independent examination of parent-child relationships:

• psychological examination of the child in relation to the father;
• psychological examination of the child in relation to the mother;
• psychological examination of the child in relation to other close relatives;
• psychological examination of the child in relation to the guardians;
• psychological examination of compatibility of children with parents;
• determination of the negative influence of one of the parents on the child;
• examination of child-parent relations, in order to determine the order of communication between parents and the child after a divorce;
• examination of child-parent relations when one of the parents is deprived of parental rights;
• psychological examination of abused children, i.e. identification of psychopathology in a child caused by physical (beating, rape) or mental influence;
• comprehensive psychological and psychiatric examination of parent-child relationships;
• assessment of the objectivity and scientific validity of previously conducted examinations of parent-child relationships;
• reviewing of psychological and complex psychological-psychiatric examinations of child-parent relationships;
• other types of psychological examinations of children and complex child psychological and psychiatric examinations and research.

Questions for examination of parent-child relationships:

Indicative questions that can be indicated or petitioned to the court when conducting an examination of child-parent relations:

What are the individual psychological characteristics of the mother (full name, date of birth)?

What are the individual psychological characteristics of the father (full name, date of birth)?

What is the relationship of the child (full name, date of birth of the child) to the father (full name, date of birth of the father)?

What is the relationship of the child (full name, date of birth of the child) to the mother (full name, date of birth of the mother)?

What is the emotional and psychological state of the minor(s) (full name, date of birth of the child)?

Are there any signs of negative psychological impact on the child (full name, date of birth) from one of the parents? If so, what are they expressed in, and what might be the consequences for the child?

What is the level psychological comfort in family?

Considering the emotional and psychological state of the minor (full name, date of birth of the child), what is the recommended procedure for communicating with the father/mother (full name, date of birth)?

In what cases is an independent examination of parent-child relationships appointed and carried out:

Examination of parent-child relationships, in Lately, has become widespread in divorce proceedings ( examination of a child during divorce), when it is necessary to determine whether a child is with one of the parents, or it is necessary to determine the order of communication between parents and the child. This type of examination determines and establishes the psychological microclimate in the family, determines both the child’s attitude towards his parents and the attitude of each parent towards the child. When conducting a forensic examination of child-parent relationships, it is possible to establish the negative psychological impact and consequences of this impact on the child by one of the parents, and it is possible to determine the child’s psychological attachment to his mother or father. Often, when the consequences of psychotrauma are identified in a child as a result of physical or psychological influence from the mother or father, when conducting an examination of the child, it is necessary to resort to the help of doctors of clinical specialties, for example, the help of a neurologist. In such cases, the involvement of a neurologist is mandatory, because it is the neurologist, together with an expert psychologist, who will help professionally establish the cause-and-effect relationship between negative impact on the child and the presence of consequences of such influence (for example, the development of enuresis in the child, neurosis, stuttering, etc.). Resolution of these and other issues is possible during an examination of parent-child relationships.

Our Center conducts all types of examinations of parent-child relationships!

By petitioning the court for a psychological examination of parent-child relationships in our Center, you can count on the completeness and objectivity of the research, the independence and impartiality of our experts and specialists, high level and the quality of the work performed.

The peculiarity of our expert Center is that the Center has not just psychologists, but expert psychologists with the following specializations and postgraduate training: “Forensic psychology”, “Legal psychology”, “Medical ( clinical) psychology" and other types of special professional psychological training.

Note! Before applying to the court to conduct and order an examination of child-parent relations in our Center, contact us at the central office for Information letter, where we will indicate the deadlines and the price of the examination of parent-child relationships for the court.

To learn more about the conditions for conducting a psychological examination of child-parent relations in our Center, find out the cost and price of a forensic examination of a child and parents, get written or oral advice, order a psychological examination of a child or conduct a review of the examination of child-parent relations, you can call:

Contact phone numbers:

8-916-145-00-27 – weekdays (from 10:00 to 18:00), weekends and holidays(from 13:00 to 19:00)

8-926-235-08-85 – working days (from 10:00 to 18:00)

8-967-183-83-70 – working days (from 10:00 to 18:00)

8-916-145-00-27 – WhatsApp, Viber

8-926-235-08-85 – WhatsApp, Viber

Email (e-mail):

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You can also use online application form :

Cost of examination of parent-child relationships:

Note!

We have same prices for both judicial and extra-judicial examinations and research!

While other expert institutions may inflate prices for forensic examinations!

Cost of examinations of child-parent relations (approximate)
- examination of parent-child relationships(includes testing of the child, testing of parents or guardians, as well as relatives (grandparents and others), with drawing up a conclusion)	- 25 thousand rubles - one child + one parent (testing + drawing up a conclusion)
	- 35 thousand rubles - two children + one parent (testing + drawing up a conclusion) 7 thousand rubles - each subsequent family member(mother/father/grandmother/grandfather and others)
Examination of child-parent relationships (includes testing of the child, testing of parents or guardians, as well as relatives (grandparents and others), with drawing up a conclusion)	- 45 thousand rubles - three children + one parent (testing + drawing up a conclusion) 7 thousand rubles - each subsequent family member(mother/father/grandmother/grandfather and others)
participation of at least two experts- expert psychologist + expert psychiatrist	From 40 thousand rubles
Commission or comprehensive examination of parent-child relationships: participation of at least three experts- expert psychologist + expert psychiatrist + expert of another specialty (for example, pediatrician or neurologist and others)	From 60 thousand rubles
Review of the examination of parent-child relationships	From 25 thousand rubles
Testing is carried out in the office! It is possible for an expert to visit your home at the child’s location! Departure of one expert in Moscow (inside the Moscow Ring Road) - 5 thousand rubles. Departure of one expert in Moscow (outside the Moscow Ring Road) and in the Moscow region - from 10 thousand rubles.
Consultation (oral, by phone)	For free
Consultation (oral, in the office)	From 6 thousand rubles
Consultation (written)	From 8 thousand rubles
Participation of an expert (specialist) in court (Moscow)	From 6 thousand rubles (1 meeting on a previously held conclusion)
Participation of an expert (specialist) in court (Moscow region)	From 10 thousand rubles (1 meeting on a previously held conclusion)
Participation of an expert (specialist) in court (other regions)	Negotiable, but not less than 20 thousand rubles (1 meeting)
Expert assistance in drawing up a statement of claim, petition, claim or objection; drawing up questions for examination	From 6 thousand rubles

Cost of psychological examinations of parent-child relationships may vary significantly, but at the same time the prices for such examinations in our Center, both in Moscow and in Russia as a whole, are significantly lower than in other institutions.

Psychological examination, Examination of moral damage, Examination of transactional capacity and capacity, Psychological examination of children, Examination of child-parent relations, Psychiatric examination, Psychological and psychiatric examination, Post-mortem psychological and psychiatric examination, Narcological examination, Sexological examination, Psychological and sexological examination , Sexological-psychiatric examination, Psychological-sexological-psychiatric examination, Examination of affect and others emotional states, Examination of sanity/insanity, Psychological and linguistic examination, Pre-transaction examination, Placement in a psychiatric hospital, Illegal placement in a psychiatric hospital