Sunburned skin is red and painful. Sunburned face - how to treat a severe tan at home

When we go sunbathing, we strive to get a beautiful and seductive skin tone, but not burns or redness. They can overshadow the joy of this procedure. A red face and body after sunbathing is not at all what we need.

Sunburn of the skin, redness of the face and body after sunbathing occurs due to excessive and prolonged exposure to it ultraviolet rays, in the absence of sufficient sun protection in the form of cream.

In this article you will find information on how to remove redness from an unsuccessful tan from your face and body, and what to do if your face is red after tanning.

Solar erythema is a true first or second degree burn. Symptoms typically appear 6 to 12 hours after sun exposure after sunburned skin. Typically this is:

redness from sunburn;
bubbles, blisters;
extreme skin sensitivity to touch, itching;
and dryness.

The degree of damage directly depends on the skin type and the dose of UV radiation received. Although the burn may go away on its own in a matter of days, it significantly increases the risk of skin defects, actinic keratosis, cancer (melanoma) and photoaging (wrinkling, loss of tone and elasticity). Therefore, if your skin is burned in the sun, then do not let it happen.

Why does the skin burn and turn red after sunbathing?

Sunburn is a real burn caused by ultraviolet rays, which can develop within half an hour after exposure to the sun and cause serious inflammation of the skin.

Ultraviolet rays of the UVA and UVB types belong to different lengths waves in the radiation spectrum and are especially harmful to human health. These rays can cause premature aging skin, wrinkle formation and other diseases.

People who have fair skin types and red or red hair are especially prone to developing sunburn. Brown hair. And also people exposed to sunlight for the first time or, at least, after a long period of time.

Although moderate exposure to UV rays promotes the synthesis of vitamin D, prolonged and excessive exposure to the sun can, on the contrary, have extremely Negative consequences in future.

What are the symptoms of sunburn?

Symptoms of sunburn vary depending on the extent and severity of the burn.

In milder cases, sunburn causes only redness of the skin, which can be more or less intense, as well as painful sensations: These symptoms appear within a few hours of exposure (two to six hours). The red skin of the face and body becomes painful, however, the effects become more intense after eight hours, and sometimes at the end of the day.

In more serious cases, burns and blisters appear on the skin. In addition, the balance of electrolytes is disrupted, which is a fact of dehydration and ultimately increases the risk of developing infections: sunburn of this type must be treated with extreme caution. Damage to the skin, in this case, can be different. Typical symptoms of such a sunburn are chills, fever and nausea. This skin peeling can take four to seven days to heal.

What to do to avoid getting burned

To avoid getting sunburned, you need to follow some rules:

1. When exposed to the sun, apply an appropriate amount of sunscreen (with UVA and UVB filters, protection 30 and above) every two hours.

2. Avoid exposure to the sun from 10.00 to 16.00: at this time the risk of sunburn greatly increases.

3. Apply sunscreen after every swim in the water.

4. Avoid direct exposure to the sun (the product is especially suitable for small children, who are obviously more vulnerable to sunlight).

5. Always wear a wide-brimmed hat or cap with a visor when out in the sun.

6. Don't forget to protect your eyes and the skin around them with sunglasses.

Medicines and natural remedies for skin condition after a burn

If a burn has already occurred, then how to remove redness from the face and body after tanning, how to alleviate the condition? The simplest and convenient way- take advantage of natural gifts at home.

Natural sunscreens are quite effective in speeding up the healing of sunburn and providing quick relief from redness and itching:

1. Witch hazel. It has astringent properties, heals burns well, and eliminates redness.

2. Aloe gel is a natural product often used in cosmetics as an effective skin soothing agent. Perfectly relieves redness and burning.

3. Essential oil mint or eucalyptus. Has a refreshing, antiseptic effect. These components, mixed with moisturizing agents, are often used in cosmetic compositions after sun products. They provide the skin with a fresh effect.

4. Cold wraps using chamomile infusion. They have soothing, local anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial properties. After the infusion has cooled (you can speed up the process by adding crushed ice into liquid), it is recommended to apply compresses directly to the affected areas of the skin.

5. Potato. An ancient folk remedy that is used in herbal medicine for its anti-inflammatory effect. It relieves itching well and has anti-edematous properties. Boil several potatoes, mash them with a fork and apply through two layers of gauze to the sore spot.

Such methods help very well to remove redness from the face and body after sunbathing, reduce discomfort and soothe the skin.

Among natural remedies, used to quickly get rid of redness after sunbathing, it is also worth remembering some simple recipes"do it yourself":

1. Emulsion consisting of skim milk (1 cup), water and ice (4 cups). Soak a few cotton napkins or handkerchiefs in the prepared liquid and apply them directly to your sunburned skin.

2. Apply a mixture of water and oatmeal/corn flour to the skin in the burn area.

3. Mix milk with finely grated cucumber, a tablespoon of rose water, and a tablespoon of glycerin. This emulsion has a refreshing, cleansing and toning effect on skin inflamed from sunburn.

Now you know how to quickly remove redness from your face after sunbathing using available remedies at home.

Use of medications

If you see and feel severe burns and redness, it is highly recommended that you consult a doctor for treatment advice! As a rule, for severe burns it is recommended to use (as prescribed by the attending physician):

1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:

Ibuprofen.
Acetylsalicylic acid.
Naproxen.

What to apply to sunburned skin? Some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are also available as topical creams:

Local corticosteroid drugs: have a powerful anti-inflammatory effect on the skin. The product is a medicinal product and must therefore be prescribed by a doctor. Designed for high degree solar burns.
Hydrocortisone 0.5%.

2. Antibiotics ( local application). Creams and antibiotics may be needed if the vesicles and blisters that form after a sunburn rupture.

3. Local anesthetics: pharmacological agents aimed at eliminating pain and burning caused by tanning:

Benzocaine.
Lidocaine.

In addition to applying painkillers, soothing, refreshing and nourishing creams, the most effective remedy It's time to defeat solar erythema. With a little patience, skin that is red and inflamed from the sun will regain its natural elasticity and color.

So you have learned what to do if your body and face are red after sunbathing, and how to remove redness on your face and body. But first of all, everything must be done to prevent such unpleasant consequences from tanning.

It is important to remember, however, that frequent sunburn significantly increases the risk of melanoma. Therefore, their best prevention is timely protection of the skin in the future.

In contact with

As usually happens, in the village I was in the mood to sunbathe, although I had not planned on it, so I didn’t have anything sun-protective at hand.

Yes, and to be honest, I don’t like body creams with SPF, because they are sticky and greasy - I haven’t met any others. Yes, and the vitamin D deficiency, which I talked about in the article, needs to be replenished. Besides, they won’t be able to harm me for half an hour, I thought.

But it was not there. Walking into the shade, I realized that for the next two weeks I would be walking around like a pink pig. The skin became red and burned terribly. In order to somehow relieve these unpleasant sensations, I reached into the refrigerator for something sour and milky.

And at that moment, when my hand reached for sour cream, I remembered that quite recently in driving school we studied first aid for burns. Then a brilliant idea came to my mind:

“Sunburns should be treated like any other thermal burn.” How did I not think about this before?!

It’s true what they say, habit is second nature.

Since childhood, caring grandmothers have coated us with sour cream, kefir, butter and other edibles after exposure to the sun for speedy healing. And this is ingrained into the subcortex in such a way that, as adults and educated people, we continue to do as our grandmothers did.

So how can you properly alleviate suffering after sunbathing and speed up skin restoration if you don’t have special cosmetics at hand?

First, take an antihistamine, e.g. Suprastin or any other similar drug to reduce the inflammatory response.

But before use, be sure to read the instructions, as the medications have contraindications.

apply an alcohol-containing preparation and let it evaporate (for small areas)
wrap yourself in a wet cloth and let it dry on your body
stand under a cool shower for 20-30 minutes
lie in cool water (bath, pool, barrel, etc.) for 15 - 20 minutes

Both alcohol and water remove excess heat from the surface of the skin - this will soothe the burning sensation and reduce the inflammatory reaction.

Then apply panthenol - spray (aerosol), aloe vera gel or moisturizer, lotion or body milk on water based. If aloe grows at home, you can use the juice from its leaves. At worst, grate raw potatoes, wrap them in gauze and cover them.

Avoid products with a greasy texture, as they create a film on the surface of the skin that retains heat. For the same reason, you should not smear yourself with butter, sour cream, kefir and other fermented milk products.

You need to cool the skin several times as the burning sensation appears. After water procedures do not rub your body with a towel - pat dry to remove excess water, but not dry. Reapply panthenol to the skin - spray, aloe gel or moisturizer.

After doing these simple manipulations several times, for the first time I was able to sleep normally and not wake up every time to turn over.

If you are so burned that blisters appear, do not open them under any circumstances!!!

In the morning there was no longer a burning sensation, but I continued to apply panthenol for a couple more days. In general, by the end of the week it began to peel off a little, and most importantly, the tan remained on my body, which happens to me extremely rarely. Usually all the torment ends with a change in skin and the same pallor as before.

At this moment, it is important not to peel off films or crusts (you cannot rub with a washcloth or use scrubs with abrasive particles) in the same way as after, because there is young skin underneath. And it will certainly be protected by increased production of melanin - this is a direct road to age spots and an even tan is no longer visible.

And by the way, when peeling you can and should use fatty nourishing creams, as well as sour cream, kefir and everything that we love to smear on ourselves after sunbathing

Video on the topic 10 SIMPLE TIPS FOR THOSE WHO ARE BURNED IN THE SUN

How many holidays have been ruined simply because people underestimated the threat posed by a tanned bronze body, of course, looks attractive and beautiful. But there must be moderation in everything. And if you abuse sunbathing, the results can be very disastrous. Burns, pain, elevated temperature bodies - these are not all the consequences of a passionate and irrepressible desire to tan. But if he is a person and how to help himself, he should know.

Experts may recommend anti-inflammatory drugs. Taking them will prevent serious skin damage. And in addition to such special medications, it would be useful to take medications - Ibuprofen or Aspirin. These pills will also relieve pain.

If a person is sunburned, he sometimes does not know what to do. For example, do you know that you need to drink a lot of water? After all, the rays of the sun greatly dehydrate the body. The liquid will help him recover, and you need to take it even if you are not thirsty. If a person is sunburned, what should you do? First, take a shower. Only it should be cool, and not hot at all. And do not use soap; it is better to give preference to a soft gel.

What to do? This question is especially acute when you get home. Here are some tips to help relieve redness, pain and burning sensation. Firstly, damaged skin can be lubricated with high-fat sour cream or cool kefir. Potato juice also helps. Secondly, try brewing a strong green tea, then cool it and make a compress with gauze. Leave it on the skin for 10 minutes. Thirdly, ordinary vodka will also help you out. If you lubricate the reddened area with it, the very next day it will turn bronze-brown. Fourthly, aloe always helps. Its leaves should be placed in the refrigerator for half an hour, and then the juice from them should be applied to burns.

Now in pharmacies, when a customer asks: “I got sunburned. What to do? Please tell me!" - usually, instead of answering, they immediately offer special sprays, foams or gels. After application to the skin, the pain goes away almost immediately. An example is the drug “Panthenol”.

If you are sunburned, it is better to avoid drinking alcoholic beverages. The alcohol they contain dries out the skin, which will worsen an already problematic situation.

Many people are concerned about what to do, an allergist or dermatologist will tell you. In any case, this problem should not be ignored.

If you are going on vacation, do not skimp on purchasing special sunscreen and tanning creams. And before using them, decide what your goal is - to get a beautiful, even bronze skin tone or maintain its original color. The cream must be chosen based on who produced it. Don't buy questionable cosmetics.

Every person has been exposed to the sun at least once in their life. This trouble can happen even if you have never been to the beach. After a long winter, everyone undresses and their snow-white skin is exposed to the powerful rays of the sun. As a result, we get the following problems:

skin redness (becomes hot and dry);
the occurrence of edema (swelling) and increased sensitivity;
itching;
blisters form;
the temperature rises, the person begins to freeze;
headaches appear;
Improper care can lead to infection skin;
the body becomes dehydrated.

Many people who experience sunburn believe that this problem is a minor issue. Well, your shoulders will hurt, but in a couple of days the redness will turn into a beautiful tan. There is some truth here, but not everyone knows that a severe burn can cause serious health problems.

For example, severe sun damage to the skin of the face and neck can lead to widespread swelling, which can cause suffocation. In addition, ultraviolet rays can cause the development of diseases such as skin cancer.

We hope that we have convinced you that sunburn is not a joke and should be prevented and treated if it occurs.

In order to understand how to correct the situation when you still have trouble, you need to know about the degree of skin damage .

1st degree. The skin is slightly red and there is pain, but other than discomfort there are no other symptoms.
2nd degree. The skin turns red and blisters form and fill with fluid. In addition, it may appear headache and the temperature rises.
3rd degree. 60% of the entire skin surface is damaged and the structure of the dermis is disrupted.
4th degree. Dehydration occurs, which negatively affects the functioning of the heart and kidneys. If the situation is not controlled, it can be fatal.

The first 2 degrees can be treated at home, but having received 3 and 4, you need to apply for medical care to the doctor.

Who shouldn't sunbathe?

In order not to correct the consequences of severe sunburn, it will be interesting and vital for you to find out who ultraviolet rays are contraindicated.

Babies under 1 year of age;
Elderly people;
Pregnant women;
People taking medications such as antibiotics, antidepressants, corticosteroids. These medications may cause skin sensitivity.
People with neurological and cardiovascular diseases, patients with tuberculosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.

What to do if your child gets sunburned

If babies burn in the sun, then in addition to all the signs that were described above, a change in his behavior may be added. The child may become lethargic, drowsy and weak, or, conversely, overly excitable. You can help the little man in the following way.

Take him away from the beach.
Rinse in a cool shower.
Place on the bed in a cool room.
Give a lot to drink.
Lubricate the skin with external products that will help the skin recover.
Give painkillers, anti-inflammatory and antihistamines to drink. Ideally, consult a doctor so that he can independently assess your child’s condition and prescribe treatment.

Children must be treated independently if they receive a 1st degree burn. In other cases, it is better to show it to medical professionals.

Sunburned skin: first aid

Regardless of the degree of burn received, all victims should be provided with first aid. Signs of sun exposure on the skin may not appear immediately, but may take several hours.

Every person should know how to alleviate the general condition of the victim, and in severe cases, make every effort to save his life until doctors arrive.

The algorithm for providing first aid for sunburns is as follows:

Transport the person to a cool place. This can be in the shade, or ideally in a cool room.
Realistically assess the condition of the victim. If you understand that this is not a first-degree burn and the person’s condition is worsening, call an ambulance.
After this, try to relieve the pain by applying clean gauze soaked in water to the affected areas of the body. You need to change the gauze every 10-15 minutes. An alternative to rags and gauze can be a wet sheet. Please note that the cloth and water used must be clean.
If possible, it would be a good idea to take a cool shower (the water should not be hot or icy, but cool).
Give the victim water to drink to prevent dehydration.
For severe skin lesions and acute pain, painkillers can be given.

If you are sunburned, you can provide first aid to yourself.

What should you not do if you get a sunburn?

There are cases when a person receives a not very severe burn, but due to improper treatment, the recovery period drags on for many weeks.

In order not to worsen the condition of a person who has been sunburned, you need to know what not to do in case of such injuries.

IT IS FORBIDDEN:

Apply ice to affected skin surfaces. You may think that ice will provide great pain relief, but in fact it will further injure the damaged dermis, which will lead to tissue death. Do not use ice packs.
Lather the skin with soap and rub it with a brush. Avoid using cosmetics containing alkaline components. Do not scrub your skin with a washcloth. Just rinse off in the shower.
Use products containing alcohol. It has a negative effect on burnt skin. Alcohol definitely won’t bring any benefit or relief.
Apply Vaseline and grease to the skin cosmetics. In case of serious burns, the use of such products can aggravate the general condition. This is due to the fact that Vaseline forms a greasy film, as a result of which the thermoregulation of the skin is disrupted. It does not cool naturally.
Treat the skin with urine. Among people there are fans of urine therapy, but you need to understand that by smearing the skin with urine, you can cause an infection.
Puncture the resulting blisters. Otherwise, the skin may become infected.
Continue sunbathing. If you have a first-degree burn and feel fine, this does not mean you can repeat sunbathing the next day. It is better to avoid them for the next few days until the skin recovers, otherwise the situation will worsen.
Drink alcohol and strong tea, coffee. Eating them will lead to dehydration.

Treatment of sunburn

If your back is sunburnt, your arms or legs are red, but your condition is satisfactory, you can try to help yourself. All treatment can be divided into several stages:

Treatment with medications taken orally.
Treatment of the skin and relief of the condition with external means (use of ointments, sprays, creams, etc.).

Treatment with drugs intended for internal use

Few people know that in addition to ointments and sour cream that are applied to the skin, it is necessary to help the body recover with medication. For this, doctors often prescribe the following medications:

Vitamins A, C, E- These are antioxidants that help the skin recover faster and prevent the malignant degeneration of cells.
Anti-inflammatory drugs (non-steroidal)- This is the well-known paracetamol and ibuprofen. These drugs reduce pain, swelling and inflammation. Used if the temperature has risen.
Antihistamines These are allergy medications. Thanks to them, itching and swelling are reduced.

Take medications carefully, but remember that self-medication is possible for 1st and 2nd degree burns; for 3rd and 4th degree burns, you should urgently consult a doctor.

Treatment with external agents

The affected areas of the skin will sooner or later begin to heal. But this process can drag on if you don’t help yourself with remedies in the form of ointments, creams or sprays.

If you don’t know what to apply to burns, then a selection of the most popular products that help with thermal injuries will be useful to you.

Panthenol– promotes rapid skin restoration and pain relief. If your shoulders are burned, this is the best remedy.
Libyan aerosol– a drug that has excellent antiseptic properties, anesthetizes and soothes the skin.
Elovera ointment– a product that promotes rapid healing of the skin. It cannot be used by persons under 18 years of age.
Karatolin solution– this solution prevents malignant degeneration of cells and accelerates their metabolism.
Vinyl balm– is a powerful antiseptic and prevents infection of the skin. In addition, it has an anti-inflammatory effect and promotes rapid wound healing.
Zinc ointment– used for small burns (for example, if your nose is burned). It has a drying effect and also disinfects affected areas of the skin.
Sea buckthorn oil– promotes rapid healing, has an antioxidant effect, and triggers skin regeneration processes.
Olazol aerosol– a bacteriostatic agent that promotes rapid healing of the skin.
Solcoseryl gel- promotes rapid growth skin cells.
Psilo-balm– a gel that cools and anesthetizes the skin, relieves swelling, reduces itching and pain.

If you are not a supporter of medications sold in pharmacies, then you can alleviate the condition after a sunburn with the help of prescriptions traditional medicine. Based on the experience of past generations, you can understand how to remove redness or what to do if your head is burned.

Let's look at the simplest and most accessible recipes, the preparation of which will not take much time.

Applying with a damp cloth

Apply a damp, fragrance-free wipe to damaged skin. Change it after it dries. This helps to moisturize the skin and reduce pain.

Using ice

Place ice or frozen product at some distance (5-7 cm) from the damaged area of skin. This way you soothe and cool the skin, reducing pain. It is better to use for small burns, for example, if your lips are burned.

Applying egg white

Apply the protein with light movements to the damaged area of skin, and after it dries, repeat the procedure. After this manipulation, the pain will decrease and the skin will calm down a little.

Application of fermented milk products

Take kefir or yogurt and constantly apply it to the damaged skin, without letting it dry out. This will help minimize pain and soothe the skin.

Uses of watermelon juice

The product is suitable for burnt eyes and more. Take watermelon juice, soak a napkin in it and wipe away sunburns or use as compresses. Thanks to this remedy you will eliminate redness and prevent infection.

Using compresses made from mint leaves or nettle flowers

Pour boiling water over a handful of leaves or flowers and cool the infusion. After this, moisten a clean cloth and apply it to the burn. Thanks to this procedure, you will get rid of itching and pain, the skin will cool and recover.

Applying gruel from fresh root vegetables

Potatoes, carrots, beets or pumpkin are suitable for this procedure. Grate one of the listed vegetables on a fine grater and place the resulting pulp on the burn. Used as a compress. Relieves itching and discomfort, relieves pain.

Using soda solution

Take 1 tbsp. l. soda and dissolve it in a cool glass boiled water. Wipe your skin with the resulting solution. Such procedures help reduce swelling and relieve pain.

Uses of cucumber

Cucumber will help relieve sunburn. To do this, you can cut the vegetable into slices and apply it as compresses.

Consequences and complications of sunburn

Many women, in pursuit of the perfect tan, forget that the sun's rays not only bring benefits, but also cause harm to the body.

Burning the skin leads to swelling, which can cause difficulty breathing.

If the legs or arms are burned, and most of the extremities are affected, the victim may feel numbness in these parts of the body due to poor circulation.

If you are exposed to sunlight for a long time and periodically suffer from burns, you may develop oncology (skin cancer).

Prevention and protection against sunburn

In order not to suffer from painful sensations and regret about a ruined vacation, it is better to make every effort not to injure the skin. To do this you need:

Do not be exposed to direct sunlight between 11:00 and 16:00.
Wear clothes made from 100% natural fabrics. They attract less rays.
When out in the sun, you need to wear a wide-brimmed hat or a cap with a long visor.
During the first days of your stay on the beach, stay under the sun for no more than 15 minutes. After this, go into the shade.
Use sunscreen.

Let's look at the last point in a little more detail.

All people are different, so some people quickly burn in the sun and get severe burns, while others may only have red skin. Therefore the sun protective equipment must be chosen individually. Moreover, in the first days after arriving at the sea coast, products should have stronger protection (for example, cream with factor), and after you tan and your skin adapts, you can use products with factor from 25 to 15.

A good sunscreen is coconut. It can protect the skin from the harmful effects of sunlight, prevents it from drying out and promotes an even tan.

Folk recipes for dealing with sunburn.

Conclusion

No one is immune from sunburn. But you should not take such an injury lightly and rely only on the regenerative properties of your body. If you were unable to protect yourself, and your skin is red and sore, help it recover using traditional medicine or drugs purchased at the pharmacy. Thanks to this, the recovery period will be easy and without complications. And only good memories will remain about the time spent at sea!

Summer is already on the doorstep, which means you should think about protecting your skin, because it is during this hot season that you can get a sunburn. We’ll talk about preventative measures, first aid and treatment of sunburn in today’s article.

Sunburn (photodermatitis) refers to damage to the skin due to excessive exposure to invisible sunlight. The longer such rays are, the more intense their effect on the skin. The most harmful are the so-called UVB rays, which affect the papillary layer of the dermis, causing redness and inflammation of the skin. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays leads to active synthesis of melanin by skin cells (melanocytes), which protects the skin from burns. Tanning occurs due to the accumulation of melanin in the skin.

Basking in the gentle rays of the sun, very often we forget about precautions, and yet none of us is immune from skin inflammation as a result of sunburn. After half an hour of exposure to the scorching sun without using sunscreen You can get sunburn. Most often, areas of the body that are not protected by clothing are burned - shoulders, face, chest. Sunburn can be to varying degrees defeats. In the most difficult cases, when blisters with serous contents, ulcers appear, the temperature rises, headaches, chills, nausea and clouding of consciousness occur, you should immediately consult a doctor. In this case, you should not treat burns yourself, since delay can lead to porphyria cutanea tarda, in which porphyrins, which are photosensitizers (substances that increase the skin's sensitivity to the sun), accumulate in the skin against the background of improper metabolism in the liver. To diagnose this disease, it is enough to take a urine test. Typically, urine is pinkish-red in color due to large quantity it contains uroporphyrins.

If you feel discomfort as a result of prolonged exposure to the sun, painful sensations If you experience redness and irritation of the skin, as well as general weakness of the body, you should not panic. You can relieve the symptoms of sunburn yourself with the help of traditional medicine and pharmaceutical medications, which we will discuss below.

It should also be noted that some medications contain substances (photosensitizers) that, when used externally or internally, increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight. Therefore, when taking medications, you should definitely take into account this fact and carefully study the instructions for the drug. Corticosteroid external agents, Baziron gel, Doxycycline and other tetracycline group products have this effect. Quite often, this property is also inherent in some plants, the juice of which, when it comes into contact with human skin, causes photophytodermatitis.

To protect your skin from such troubles, you should use sunscreen cosmetics before and after tanning in accordance. In addition, taking into account your skin type, you should determine the optimal period of time spent in the open sun.

Prevention of sunburn.
For minor skin damage, avoid exposure to sunlight. In this case, it is necessary not only to protect damaged areas with clothing, but also to know the throughput of a particular fabric. For example, synthetic fabric can pass up to 15%, and natural cotton up to 6% ultraviolet rays. If the clothes are wet, then about 20% more rays should be added, affecting the skin with protected fabric. Therefore, you should give preference to cotton or silk, and synthetics will only increase skin irritation.

It should also be remembered that under the influence of sunlight, not only tissue damage occurs, but also the appearance of a huge amount of free radicals. In order to neutralize them, a person exposed to the sun for a long period of time needs to drink as much fluid as possible. The greatest antioxidant effect comes from drinking green tea and pomegranate juice. By the way, the latter also has anti-inflammatory properties. For the same purpose, your daily diet should include as many fresh vegetables and fruits as possible (they contain a lot of vitamins C and E), as well as legumes and nuts.

First aid for sunburn and their treatment.
The very first thing to do if you have a sunburn is to go indoors to stop the exposure of your skin to ultraviolet radiation. In general, after this you should limit your time in the sun until the pain disappears, so as not to provoke the appearance of new burns, the healing of which will be much slower. Further actions will depend on the severity of the burn. In case of a severe burn, when blisters or ulcers appear, especially in a child, you should seek help from specialists who will administer painkillers and prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs. Particularly severe burns that cover most of the body may require hospitalization.

The victim, immediately after going outside, should take a cool shower or apply a cold compress to particularly affected areas of the skin. If he cannot do this on his own, he needs help with this. Be sure to drink plenty of fluids to normalize the water balance in the body.

To relieve fever, reduce pain, itching and inflammation, it is recommended to take an Aspirin tablet, and also drink Ibuprofen 400 mg every four hours for several days until the redness disappears. Instead of Ibuprofen, you can take any drug with similar properties.

Sprays based on dexpanthenol help with burns. They relieve inflammation, promoting speedy healing. Dexpanthenol is the active ingredient of a European quality medicinal product - PanthenolSpray. PanthenolSpray removes inflammation, eliminates burning, relieves redness and other symptoms of burns. The drug has been widely used for many years and has already established itself as a popular spray for burns. It is for this reason that it has many analogues that simply copy the packaging of the original drug.

You should be careful when choosing a spray at the pharmacy, because... Almost all analogues are produced as cosmetics, because this form of release does not require clinical trials, and their registration procedure is significantly simplified. As a result, the composition of such drugs cannot always be called safe. Thus, some of them contain parabens, potentially hazardous preservatives that accumulate in tissues and can provoke the growth of tumors.

When choosing a spray for burns, it is important to pay attention to the composition and the country in which the product was produced. Packaging is important. The original spray is medicine, produced in Europe, and is distinguished by a characteristic smiley face located to the right of the name Pan-Te-Nol on the packaging

Since a burn is an allergic reaction of the skin to ultraviolet radiation, doctors recommend the use of antihistamines, in particular Claritin and Suprastin.

When burned, the skin needs vitamins and restoration, so be sure to use vitamin E after cooling, applying it to the damaged areas. This will speed up the recovery process. In the process of treating serious burns resulting from excessive exposure to sunlight, it is recommended to take additional vitamins C and D.

What not to do!

It is strictly forbidden to lubricate sunburned skin areas with any oil (including after sunburn), alcohol lotion, or use ointments based on benzocaine and lidocaine. All these remedies help slow down the healing process and restoration of the skin.
It is not recommended to take paracetamol drugs, as they do not reduce inflammation. IN exceptional cases When the victim is intolerant to aspirin or ibuprofen, Tylenol is permitted.
It is not recommended to “help” peeling skin by tearing it off, and you should also not puncture blisters. The more you work on the flaky areas, the more the skin will peel.
The peeling will go away on its own. Puncture of blisters on your own can lead to infection, bleeding, and discoloration of the skin.
Do not rub the burn area or wash it with soap or scrub. This opens the way for various infections.
Do not rub burned skin. Handle it with care.

Complications of sunburn.
High-grade sunburn can cause swelling. Damage to the skin of the face and neck can make breathing difficult. In this situation, you should immediately consult a doctor. If the skin lesions on the arms and legs are a large part, it can lead to poor circulation. Therefore, if you experience a feeling of numbness in your arm or foot, as well as bluish extremities, you should immediately consult a specialist.

Folk remedies for treating sunburn.
For burned eyelids, you can use wet compresses made from green tea bags.

To relieve burning and reduce pain from hay burns, it is recommended to make a compress of strongly brewed tea two to three times a day for twenty to thirty minutes.

To reduce friction of damaged skin from the sheet, you can use regular talcum powder by sprinkling it on the sheet.

If the damage affects a significant part of the skin of the legs, it is recommended to create an elevated position for them.

To reduce itching and pain, as well as to speed up the recovery process of burned skin, you can use regular potato starch, sprinkling it on damaged tissues. Starch can also be used as a lotion, for which it should be diluted in water.

Potatoes can be applied raw to a burn as a fifteen-minute compress. To do this, grate the potatoes and place them in cheesecloth. This method is effective for sun allergies. Can only be used as a compress potato juice. In combination with wheat flour, potato juice can be used as a face mask (for fifteen minutes) if there is a minor burn.

Potatoes with sour cream are another effective remedy for healing burns. Grind boiled and peeled potatoes in a blender, adding sour cream. Apply the resulting composition to damaged areas of the skin for half an hour, then rinse with water. room temperature. This product can be used as a face mask. Apply warm; after fifteen minutes, wipe the skin with a cotton swab.

The most common and effective folk remedy remedies for sunburn are dairy products (kefir, sour cream, sour yogurt), which should be applied to the lesions several times during the day. This product softens and cools the skin, relieving burning and itching. When severe burns accompanied by blisters, the use of this method may have the opposite effect.

A compress made from a mixture of cottage cheese and buttermilk also helps to cool the skin and relieve pain. The mixture should be transferred to a towel and applied to the damage. As the compress dries, you should change it to another one. Instead of cottage cheese, you can also use kefir or sour cream.

Herbal compresses perfectly relieve pain, burning and itching, and also speed up the healing process. Infusions of chamomile, calendula, and lavender are effective for these purposes. The preparation recipe is indicated in the instructions for use. The cooled decoction is stored in the refrigerator. Used as a lotion for burns.

For redness of the skin, wet-dry dressings with herbal decoctions (chain, celandine, chamomile, oak bark, etc.) are recommended, which should be prepared according to the instructions supplied with the herbs. Moisten a gauze cloth folded in several layers in a herbal decoction at room temperature and apply to the burned areas for fifteen minutes. This kind of lotion should be done for one and a half hours. Then the victim should rest for three hours, and moisturizing creams should be applied to the burn areas during this time. Two or three similar procedures should be performed during the day until the signs of inflammation completely disappear.

To treat this problem, it is also effective to use a decoction of angustifolia fireweed leaves as a lotion. Brew 10 g of dry leaves with 200 ml of boiling water, put on fire and boil for fifteen minutes from the moment of boiling. Cool to room temperature.

When treating sunburn, lotions (every ten minutes for an hour, twice a day) and rubbing with a decoction of St. John's wort are effective. To prepare it, brew a tablespoon of the herb with 200 ml of boiling water, put it on the fire and boil from the moment it boils for ten minutes. Then the broth should be immediately strained and cooled to room temperature.

A compress made from chamomile decoction is effective for sunburn. To prepare it, pour a tablespoon of chamomile into 200 ml of boiling water and leave for half an hour. This decoction or alcohol tincture can be added in small quantities to any fortified fat cream. The product is great for treating burns and skin irritation.

Oak bark decoction is also effective as a lotion in treating skin lesions resulting from excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Pour 20-40 g of oak bark with a glass of boiling water, boil for ten minutes and strain.

It is effective to apply freshly squeezed aloe juice to damaged areas of the skin. You can also dilute this juice in equal proportions with water and, moisten a gauze cloth in it, apply it to the burns once or twice a day every ten minutes for an hour. You can buy cooling aloe gel at the pharmacy.

For burns, a mixture of equal parts watermelon and cucumber juices is great. Wipe the damaged areas with this mixture.

Cabbage leaves, which should be applied directly to the burned areas, are also effective for sunburn.

To soften the skin when treating burns, it is useful to rub in wheat germ oil.

Protective products against sunburn.
To protect your skin from sunburn, you should use special creams or lotions with sun protection factor from ultraviolet rays type A and B, the value of which can vary from five to fifty. As a rule, such products contain vitamin E, which reduces the skin's sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation.

When choosing a sunscreen, you need to focus on the characteristics of your skin. Bright skin is very susceptible to the sun, which is why it burns quickly, so it requires the use of products with a high sun protection factor (SPF of at least 70). In the future, when the skin has received a persistent tan, the level of protection can be reduced to twenty (SPF 20). Those who do not experience problems staying in the open sun for a long time can use products with a protection level of six to fifteen (SPF from 6 to 15).

The right product should be applied before going outside, not on the beach. When applied Special attention should be given to protruding parts of the body (nose, chest, cheekbones, shoulders). The cream must be applied in an even thin layer without rubbing into the skin. Even if the product indicates that it is waterproof, after swimming in a pond, it must be reapplied, since after using the towel the layer of protective film is sharply reduced.

Even if your product contains high level protection, it is still recommended to be in the open sun only in the morning and evening. In addition, one should not forget about sunglasses, they will protect the tender and thin skin around the eyes, as well as the retina itself.